4. Cultural differences that differentiate countries :
• Individualism versus collectivism
• High versus low power distance
• Masculine versus Feminine
• Weak strong uncertainty avoidance
Global Similarities and Differences1.
8. Straight Extension introduces the product in the foreign
market without any change. Tempting because it requires R&D
expense, manufacturing retooling, or promotional modification.
Product Adaptation alters the product to meet local conditions
or preferences. Flexible manufacturing makes it easier to do so
on several levels viz. regional version, country version, city version,
retailer version.
12. Price Escalation :
Companies have three choices for setting prices in different countries:
• Set a uniform price everywhere
• Set a market-based price in each country
• Set a cost-based price in each county
Global Pricing Strategy4.
13. A Grey market (sometimes called a parallel import, but this can also mean
other things; not to be confused with a black market or a grey economy)
is the trade of a commodity through distribution channels which are legal
but are unofficial, unauthorized, or unintended by the original
manufacturer.