This paper attempts to explain female time allocation for rural women in selected districts of Pakistan. The objective of this study is to determine the factors affecting the optimum time allocation between market and housework of females in rural Pakistan. The study examines whether women’s decision not to work outside the home are influenced more by social norms, for example , purdah and patriarchy, or by economic constraints such as lack of relevant education and training, non -availability of job opportunities and low wages etc.