1) The document discusses partnerships in France to develop low carbon initiatives for the dairy and beef industries to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions from cattle by 20% by 2025.
2) It presents CAP'2ER, a national tool to assess the whole-farm carbon footprint using IPCC methodology, and strategies farmers can adopt to lower emissions through improved herd, manure, crop and feed management as well as carbon sequestration.
3) A national carbon certification program called CARBON AGRI is being implemented to certify emission reductions, incentivize mitigation practices through carbon credits, and support the development of collective carbon offset projects.
1. Partnerships
for dairy and beef low
carbon initiatives in France
Jean-Baptiste Dollé
French Livestock Institute – Paris
Andurand Josselin, Brocas Catherine, Castellan Elisabeth, Geslain Thierry,
Guinot Caroline, Moreau Sindy, Velghe Mathieu
August 8th 2019
2. Vision for a Clean Planet by 2050
There are a number of pathways for achieving a climate neutral EU, challenging but
feasible from a technological, economic, environmental and social perspectives.
3. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
2030 EU Climate and Energy Framework
-40 % Greenhouse Gas Emissions
cf. 1990
ETS
Emission Trading System
-43 %
cf. 2005
Including: Power/Energy
Sector and Industry,
Aviation
Non-ETS
-30% cf. 2005
Including: road transport, buildings, waste, agriculture, LULUCF
National
Energy and
climate Plan
4. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
GHG emissions in France
20 Millions of cattle
120,000 cattle farmers
Cattle : 10,4 % of national GHG emissions
5. - 11 %
GHG emissions from cattle herd in France
GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
7. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
LOW CARBON DAIRY FARM
BEEF CARBON
Initiatives to reduce carbon intensity in cattle
production systems
A commitment to reduce by 20 % the milk and beef carbon footprint
8. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
A national tool for a whole farm assessment
Barn & feeding
management
Manure storage
management
Crop
management
Carbon
sequestration
CO2
CO2
Inputs
CH4 CH4
CO2 CO2 N2O CO2 N2O
9. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
CAP’2ER is following IPCC methodology
Sources Methodology
Methane
Enteric fermentation
IPCC 2006 – Tiers 3
Sauvant et al, 2014
Manure IPCC 2006 – Tiers 2
Nitrous oxyde
Manure
management,
mineral fertilizers
IPCC 2006 – Tiers 1 and 2
Carbon dioxyde
Energy consumption French data base
Inputs EcoInvent, Ecoalim, 2016
CAP’2ER in accordance with
LEAP (FAO) guidelines
IDF guidelines
CAP’2ER certified by
10. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
From GHG accounting to the SDGs
Climate change
Air quality
Eau
GHG
Territory
Biodiversity
Eutrophication
Water
Carbon sequestration
Soils fertility
Soil
Water consumption
Ammonia
11. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Two levels of assessment in CAP’2ER
CAP’2ER Level 1
A simplified analysis
29 activity data / 1 hour to collect data
and to present results to farmers
To develop an observatory
To highlight the link between practices
and environment
CAP’2ER Level 2
A Complete analysis
150 activity data / half day to collect data
and to present results to farmers
To simulate mitigation practices
To build individual carbon action plans
National data base
12. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Steering committee
13. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Involving farmers in a national carbon action plan
• Several steps for involving cattle farmers
Information
- Training
Farm
assessment
CAP’2ER
Carbon
mitigation
action plan
120 000 farmers
12 000 farmers
14. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Milk and beef carbon footprint
Huge differences between farms
Carbonfootprint
(kgeCO2/kglvwg)
0.917
0.620
0.696
0.985
1.810
1.297
1.069
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1.600
1.800
2.000
GHG emissions- kg CO2/ l milk
BEEF
Suckler to weanling systems
DAIRY
All systems
Carbonfootprint
(kgeCO2/kgFPCM)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
15. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Cost effective mitigation levers
10-15%
Herd and manure
management
• Heifers and replacement rate
• Herd health and milk yield
• Better use of manure
• Genetic improvement
3-4%
Crops management
• Forage yield
• Fertilization
• Legumes
1-2%
Energy consumption
• Fuel
• Electricity
2-4%
Feed
• Forage quality
• Concentrates
• Protein autonomy
• Pasture
• Legumes
2-8%
Carbon sequestration
Temporary pasture duration
Permanent pasture
management
16. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Mitigation measures with extra costs
10-15%
Herd and manure
management
• Genetic improvement
• Slurry store cover
• Biogaz unit
3-4%
Crops management
• Inter crops
• Legumes
1-2%
Energy consumption
• Renewable energy production
2-4%
Feed
• Legumes
• Lipids
• Feed additives (tanins,…)
2-8%
Carbon sequestration
Reseeding pastures
Increasing pasture area
Hedges
Agroforestry
17. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Three main barriers to adopting widely low
carbon practices
• Barrier 1 : The brakes on change in farms facing
uncertain yield benefit, the risk in applying new
practices, the implementation costs,
• Barrier 2 :The lack of approved carbon
accounting methodologies and monitoring tools
to certify carbon reductions,
• Barrier 3 : The lack of awareness on the financial
support of low carbon strategies.
18. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
From 2012 to 2019,
solutions put into practice
• Training sessions for farmers and advisers
• A network of innovative farmers
• Communication tools (conferences, farm open days,
press,…)
• Agreements between partners
• Recently we developed
• A carbon certification methodology – CARBON AGRI
• Application of the carbon finance
19. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
CARBON AGRI : a French methodology to
certify GHG reductions in agriculture
Emissions
TimeCrediting period
Emissions reduction
=
Carbon credit
Certification process
20. Voluntary carbon market in France
Carbonprice€/tonCO2
2025
Average price 16 €/tCarbon demand : 1,7 Mtons
GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
21. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Involving farmers in a national carbon certification
• Several steps for involving cattle farmers
Information
- Training
Farm
assessment
CAP’2ER
Carbon
mitigation
action plan
Monitoring
Carbon
certification
Cattle Carbon Certification
120 000 farmers
12 000 farmers
2 000 farmers in 2019
22. Monitoring the progress
Making the
referenceYear 1
Advising
farmers &
monitoring
Year 2
to 2-4
Measuring
progressYear 5
• Activity data
• Carbon intensity : GHG
emission and carbon
sequestration
• Mitigation action plan
• Activity data
• Self assessment or
simple assessment
• Activity data
• Carbon intensity
calculation to
determine the progress
Advanced assessment A basic assessment Advanced assessment
This protocol provides flexibility for the user by introducing Basic and Advanced
approaches to GHG emission quantification for specific sources.
GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
23. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Example of a low carbon action plan in an
average dairy farm
Reducing
quantity of
concentrates
Reducing age
at first calving
Biogaz
production
Planting
hedges
GHG reductions and Carbon sequestration
Reduction of carbon intensity : 14 %
After 5 years project :
From 350 to 400 tons of carbon
24. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Creation of France CARBON AGRI Association
Project validation
FinancersProject developers
Project management
Farmers recruitment
National coordination
25. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Financers
CO2
€
ƩCO2
Farmers
CO2
€
Project 1
Development of projects
Farmers
CO2
€
Project 2
Farmers
CO2
€
Project 3
Farmers
CO2
€
Project 4
26. GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019
Summary – Toward a low carbon and
sustainable cattle production
• Reducing carbon intensity is possible by
• Doing the link between GHG, practices and economy
• Training farmers and advisers
• Increasing efficiency
• Catching finance carbon for farmers
• Successful dissemination is based on
• Common tools
• Farm scale analysis
• Large partnership from national to regional levels
• Collective carbon certification projects
• A proactive and positive strategy leaded by the
dairy&beef sectors to reduce carbon footprint and
increase sustainability
27. Thanks for you attention
Jean Baptiste DOLLE
French Livestock Institute - IDELE
Paris
GGAA 2019- Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, 4th to 10st August 2019