At a time when everyone seems to be concerned about the environment, how exactly would the chemical industries play their part? A sneak peek into the fundamentals of how the chemical industries can adapt, and/or restructure. We need the earth, the

1. GREEN CHEMISTRY
The Chemical Industries' Way to Go
Green

2. A Presentation by:
Tariq Hashmat Tauheed Omar Ahmed Siddiqui
IInd year
IInd year
B.Tech. Electronics
B.Tech Mechanical Engg.
Engg.
Zakir Husain College of Engineering &
Technology
ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY

3. INTRODUCTION
One of the most widely accepted definition
of green chemistry is the one given by the
man who coined the term itself, Paul T.
Anastas, in the year 1991.
O Anastas along with John C. Warner defined
Green Chemistry as follows:
"Green Chemistry is the design
of chemical products and
processes that reduce or
eliminate the use and/or
generation of hazardous

4. O Paul Anastas is known as the 'Father of Green
Chemistry' for his groundbreaking work on the
design and manufacture of non-hazardous and
environmentally benign chemicals.
O 'Green Chemistry' now is a globally accepted
term to describe the movement towards more
environmentally acceptable chemical processes
and products.

5. O Green Chemistry is all about
REDUCTIONS. These reductions lead
to what is known as "Triple Bottom Line
Benefits", a combination of
Environmental, Economic and Social
improvements. This encourages
businesses of all kinds to go the green
way [4].

6. GREEN CHEMISTRY IS ABOUT..
Waste
Materials
Hazard
Risk
Energy
Environmental
Impact
COST

7. “It is better to prevent waste
than to treat or clean
up waste after it is formed”
Chemical
Process

8. O Costs saved by
-reduction of expensive-to-dispose
waste, and energy use,
-making processes more efficient
reducing material consumption.
O Reduction in hazardous incidents and
handling of dangerous substances
= add-on social health benefit

9. Ecological aspects of the Natural Step Systems

10. PRINCIPLES OF GREEN
CHEMISTRY
Paul Anastas and James Warner together
chalked down twelve principles of Green
Chemistry to aid in assessing how green a
chemical process or a product is [1].
1.
Prevention
It is better to prevent waste than to
treat or clean up waste after it has been
created.

11. 2. Atom Economy
Synthetic methods should be designed to
maximize the incorporation of all materials used in
the process into the final product.
3. Less Hazardous Chemical Syntheses
Wherever practicable, synthetic methods
should be designed to use and generate
substances that possess little or no toxicity to
human health and the environment.
4. Designing Safer Chemicals
Chemical products should be designed to
effect their desired function while minimizing
their toxicity.

12. 5. Safer Solvents and Auxiliaries
The use of auxiliary substances (e.g.,
solvents, separation agents, etc.) should
be made unnecessary wherever possible
and innocuous when used.
6. Design for Energy Efficiency
Energy requirements of chemical
processes should be recognized for their
environmental and economic impacts and
should be minimized. If possible,
synthetic methods should be conducted at
ambient temperature and pressure.

13. 7. Use of Renewable Feedstocks
A raw material or feedstock should be
renewable rather than depleting
whenever technically and economically
practicable.
8. Reduce Derivatives
Unnecessary derivatization (use of
blocking groups, protection/
deprotection, temporary modification of
physical/chemical processes) should be
minimized or avoided if possible,
because such steps require additional
reagents and can generate waste.

14. 9. Catalysis
Catalytic reagents (as selective as possible)
are superior to stoichiometric reagents.
10. Design for Degradation
Chemical products should be designed so
that at the end of their function they
break down into innocuous degradation
products and do not persist in the
environment.

15. 11. Real-time analysis for Pollution
Prevention
Analytical methodologies need to be
further developed to allow for real-time,
in-process monitoring and control prior to
the formation of hazardous substances.
12. Inherently Safer Chemistry for
Accident Prevention
Substances and the form of a substance
used in a chemical process should be
chosen to minimize the potential for
chemical accidents, including releases,
explosions, and fire.

16. THE DRIVERS OF GREEN CHEMISTRY
Economic benefit
Lower
capital investment
Lower
operating costs
Societal pressure
Government legislation
Improved
public image
Safer
and smaller plants
Pollution control
Less
hazardous materials
Green chemistry
High fines for waste
Producer
responsibility

17. TOWARDS THE GOAL OF GREEN
CHEMISTRY
There is a certain group of technologies or pool of technologies
most widely used or studied in achieving the goal towards Green
Chemistry. The major ones are summarized in the figure

18. THE BIG PICTURE
Practical approaches
Operational tools
Green
chemistry
Strategic goal
Sustainable
development
Catalysis
Green
engineering
Waste
management
Industrial
ecology
Process
intensification
Renewable
energy
Monitoring tools
Life-cycle
assessment
E-factor,
atom economy

19. APPLICATION OF GREEN CHEMISTRY
The application
of Green
Chemistry at
every stage in
the lifecycle of a
product is of a
particularly high
importance.
Going green
at each step
in lifecycle

20. THE MAJOR USES OF GREEN
CHEMISTRY
O Energy
O Global Change
O Resource Depletion
O Food Supply

21. O Energy: Green chemistry is essential in
developing alternatives of energy generation
as well as continue the path towards energy
efficiency.
O Global Change: The concerns for climate
change, global distillation, etc. can be
addressed through the development and
implementation of green chemistry
technologies.

22. O Resource Depletion: Renewable
resources can be made increasingly viable
technologically and economically through
green chemistry.
O Food Supply: Green chemistry can
address many food supply issues by
developing target specific pesticides,
fertilizers with maximum effectiveness, etc.

23. EXAMPLES OF GREEN CHEMISTRY
O Antifoulants:
Rohm and Haas Company designed Sea-Nine™ replacing
the classical TBTO, which though effective, has
widespread environmental problems.
O Pest Control:
EDEN Bioscience Corporation designed “Messenger®”, a
non-toxic pest-control product, substituting the
contemporary pest control methods.

24. O Oxidation:
Iron based activators TAML™ containing no toxic
group seek to replace chlorine chemistry based
polluting oxidation techniques.
O Degradable Polymers:
BASF developed product Savant™ made from
nylon-6 can be depolymerized and reused.
This came as apart of its “6ix Again®” recycling
program, thus making it possible to recycle old
nylon upholstery fabric back to virgin grade nylon.

25. CONCLUSIONS
Green chemistry has come a long way since its birth
in 1991, growing from a small grassroots idea into a
new approach to scientifically-based environmental
protection.
All over the world, governments and industries are
working with „green‟ chemists to transform the
economy into a sustainable enterprise.

26. Who knows? Green chemistry may
be the next social movement that
will set aside all the world’s
differences and allow for the
creation of an environmentally
commendable civilization.