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Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in
Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016)
International Journal of Management (IJM)
THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY
IN AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN THANJAVUR DISTRICT
Dr.A.Sivagami
Research Advisor & Head,
Department of Social Work
Bharathidasan University Constituent, College for Women,
Orathanadu, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu
R. Samundeeswari
Asst. Professor & Research Scholar
Department of social work
Bharathidasan University Constituent College for Women
Orathanadu, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu
ABSTRACT
Information and Communications Technology is an umbrella term that includes any
communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular phones,
computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on, as well as the
various services and applications. ICT includes any communication device or application as
radio, computer, television, network hardware, cellular phones, software, and satellite
systems etc., as well as the various services and applications associated with them, such as
distance learning and video conferencing. It is an integration of the technologies and the
processes to distribute and communicate the desired information to the target audience and
making the target audience more participative in nature
Key words: Information and Communications Technology, ICT, IT Industry, Agricultural
development, ICT in Agricultural.
Cite this Article: Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. The Role of Information and
Communication Technology in Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District. International
Journal of Management, 7(2), 2016, pp. 747-753.
http://www.iaeme.com/ijm/index.asp
1. INTRODUCTION
ICT (information and communications technology - or technologies) is an umbrella term that includes
any communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular phones, computer
and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services and
applications
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT (IJM)
ISSN 0976-6502 (Print)
ISSN 0976-6510 (Online)
Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 747-753
http://www.iaeme.com/ijm/index.asp
Journal Impact Factor (2016): 8.1920 (Calculated by GISI)
www.jifactor.com
IJM
© I A E M E
International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 -
6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 747-753 © IAEME Publication
748
Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in
Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016)
2. ICT USED IN AGRICULTURE
ICTs (information communication technology) includes any communication device or application as
radio, computer, television, network hardware, cellular phones, software, and satellite systems etc., as
well as the various services and applications associated with them, such as distance learning and video
conferencing. It is an integration of the technologies and the processes to distribute and communicate
the desired information to the target audience and making the target audience more participative in
nature
Today agricultural development is fast emerging in both developing and developed countries the
overall development of rural areas is expanding in new directions; old ways of delivering important
services to citizens are being challenged; and traditional societies are being transformed into
knowledge societies all over the world. ICTs play a key role in improving the availability of
agricultural production and market information in developing countries. ICT-based market information
systems have a proven track record for improving rural livelihoods in middle income developing
countries where they have been introduced. However, these systems are generally limited in scale and
have not been effectively replicated beyond the local level. Broad basing agricultural extension
activities; developing farming system research and extension; having location-specific modules of
research and extension; and promoting market extension, sustainable agricultural development,
participatory research, etc. are some of the numerous areas where ICT can play an important role. IT
can help here, by enabling extension workers to gather, store, retrieve and inseminate a broad range of
information needed by farmers, thus transforming them from extension workers into knowledge
workers. Agricultural extension systems in most developing countries are under-funded and have had
mixed effects. Much of the extension information has been found to be out of date, irrelevant and not
applicable to small farmers‘ needs, leaving such farmers with very little information or resources to
improve their productivity. ICT helps the extension system in re-orienting itself towards the overall
agricultural development of small production systems. With the appropriate knowledge, small-scale
producers can even have a competitive edge over larger operations. When knowledge is harnessed by
strong organizations of small producers, strategic planning can be used to provide members with least-
cost inputs, better storage facilities, improved transportation links and collective negotiations with
buyers.
Some agricultural development services that can be provided in the developing world, using ICT,
are
 Online services for information, education and training, monitoring and consultation,
diagnosis and monitoring, and transaction and processing;
 E-commerce for direct linkages between local producers, traders, retailers and suppliers;
 The facilitation of interaction among researchers, extension (knowledge) workers, and
farmers;
 Question-and-answer services where experts respond to queries on specialized subjects ICT
services to block- and district-level developmental officials for greater efficiency in delivering
services for overall agricultural development;
 Up-to-date information, supplied to farmers as early as possible, about subjects such as
packages of practices, market information, weather forecasting, input supplies, credit
availability, etc.;
 Creation of databases with details of the resources of local villages and villagers, site-specific
information systems, expert systems, etc.;
 Provision of early warning systems about disease/ pest problems, information regarding rural
development programmes and crop insurances, post-harvest technology, etc.;
 Facilitation of land records and online registration services;
 Improved marketing of milk and milk products;
 Services providing information to farmers regarding farm business and management;
International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 -
6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 750-756 © IAEME Publication
749
Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in
Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016)
 Increased efficiency and productivity of cooperative societies through the computer
communication network and the latest database technology;
 Tele-education for farmers
ICTs play a key role in improving the availability of agricultural production and market
information in developing countries. ICT based market information systems have a proven track record
for improving rural livelihoods in middle income developing countries where they have been
introduced. However, these systems are generally limited in scale and have not been effectively
replicated beyond the local level. This paper attempts an analysis of the ICT play an important role in
bringing about sustainable agricultural development and future perspectives in agriculture and ICT. It
is recommended that, in drought-prone and less endowed areas, future ICT initiatives provide
information services such as facilitation of access to land records, question-and-answer services,
information on rural development programs, weather forecasting, marketing information, best package
of practices for dry land agriculture, information on crop insurance and post- harvest technology. It is
also recommended that, before ICT services are set up in a region, efforts are made to develop among
the farmers both a satisfactory level of faith in the intentions of the ICT staff and a firm commitment to
the goals of the proposed project. It is also suggested that participatory and rapid rural appraisals are
carried out to ascertain what information the farmers need. In the process, the farmers ‘self-fulfilling
faith in the information services provided should be enhanced. It is further recommended that the
farmers be instructed in how to get the best possible use out of the services provided.
3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The main purpose of this study is to explore the extent of usage of ICT in Agricultural by the farmers
in Thanjavur District.
The present study has the following objectives
 To find out the information needs of the rural farmers in Thanjavur district
 To find out the nature and type of information required by the farmers
 To examine the information communication channels and the information sources used by the
farmers
 To find out the awareness of ICT application in transfer of information.
4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
The researcher adopted descriptive research design as the research aimed at describing the role of ICT
in agricultural development and the researcher collected data from the farmers of Thanjavur district.
About 50 respondents were selected through simple random sampling in Thiruvaiyaru Block,
Thanjavur. Both primary and secondary data were used for this study. The primary data were collected
by using a pre tested questionnaire.
4.1. Data Analysis and Discussion
41.1. Frequency of Information Needs by Farmers
Table 1 Information Needs
Sl. No Frequency of information needs No of response Percentage
1. Daily 32 64
2. Sometimes 12 24
3. Never 06 12
50 100
International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 -
6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 747-753 © IAEME Publication
750
Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in
Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016)
From the Table 1, it is identified that 64% of farmers stated that they need information
Daily followed by 24% of farmers need information sometimes and only 12% of the farmers were
on the opinion that they do not need information for agricultural activities. Overall, it is noted that
majority of the respondents (64%) need information daily.
4.1.2. Nature and Type of Information needs of the farmers
Table .2 Information needs on cultivation
Sl.NO Areas of information needs No.of.responce Percentage
1. Improved variety of crop production 13 26
2. Availability of seeds 10 20
3. Type of pesticides to be used 5 10
4. Type of fertilizer to be used 2 4
5. About weather conditions 8 16
6. About water management techniques 3 6
7. Modern equipment used 5 10
8. Modern methods of cultivations 4 8
Table 2 that the rural farmers (20%), (26%) and (10%) required information on availability of
seeds, improved variety of crop production and type of fertilizers to be used. 16% of the respondents
stated that they needed information for pesticides to be used and information for weather condition,
modern methods of cultivation and modern equipments used were the least preferred information.
Thus, it is found that majority of the respondents used information for availability of seeds, improved
variety of crop production and type of fertilizers to be used and information on weather condition,
modern method of cultivation and modern equipments used were least preferred by the farmers.
0
10
20
30
40
Daily Sometimes Never
International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 -
6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 750-756 © IAEME Publication
751
Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in
Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016)
4.1.3. Table 3 Using ICT applications
Sl.no
Using ICT applications to get
information
Response Percentage
1 Use Internet 04 08
2 Use Mobile Phone 26 52
3 Use Information centers 08 16
4 Follow SMS alerts 12 24
50 100
Table 3 reveals that the preference of the rural community in the use of ICT applications are as
follows: Use Mobile phones (52 %), follow SMS alerts (24%), Use Information center (16 %) and Use
Internet (8. %).
5. KEY FINDINGS
 ICTs available in the study area: The survey found that most of the respondents have
television and high majority of the respondents use mobile phone available ICT in the area.
Most of the respondents have used traditional ICTs. On the other hand, the ICT tools that were
not available to many respondents included: computer, Internet, Scanners etc.
 Awareness of ICT in farmers the study reveals that 56 % the respondents awareness that
ICT is important that their occupation. Small portion of the respondents they don’t want any
communication facilities for their survival. So the study concluded that half of the
respondent’s lake of aware about the ICT usages.
 Attitude of farmers towards ICT: The survey found that half of respondents believe that
ICT is essential for their agricultural and its allied activities. In order to assess the attitude of
farmers towards ICT, they felt agricultural is important for their survival.
 Effectiveness of ICT in agricultural development : Nearly 46 % of respondents strongly
agree that effective ICT tools and techniques are used in farming practices is very use full to
their day to day affairs . 25 % respondents says they did not believe the ICT s effectiveness for
their development so the study find that most of farmers don’t properly use the ICT s
effectiveness.
 Need for ICT facilities in farmers: The findings of the study reveal that the rural farmers
are need in agricultural related information. Their needs are specific for different purposes.
The information channels they depend upon for getting information are Cell phone and
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
use
internet
use mobile use
information
centers
follow SMS
alerts
Series1
International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 -
6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 747-753 © IAEME Publication
752
Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in
Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016)
newspapers, television, and radio. Majority of them getting information use cell phone but due
to the familiarity in using mobile phones, most of them make agriculture related inquiries
through mobile phones and the SMS alert service. Most of the respondents received
information from fellow farmers and friends.
 Types of information required farmers: The result shows that the majority of the
farmers required that output prices information some farmers want to technical advice on
agricultural practices small portion of the respondents says that they need the climate
conditions, crop variety and insurance related information.
 Constrains to use of ICT in farmers: CT adoption is relay a problem according to responses
indicated that 36 % agree that the major factor limiting the use of ICT in agriculture was the
lake of ICT knowledge 25% opine that the high cost 10 % of the farmers not interested in ICT
s usages. So the study reveals that most of the farmers not properly utilized ICTs because their
un awareness and also most of them felt that ICTs services are high cost.
6. HYPOTHESIS TEST
There is no significance relationship between educational qualification and information needs of the
forming community of the respondents. It had been proved by chi- square test (x2 =34.27). The table
value of x2 at
5 percentage difference for 2 degree of freedom is 5.991. The calculated value is less than
the table value and hence the null hypothesis is accepted and concluded that there is no significant
relationship between the educational qualification and information needs of the forming community of
the respondents.
7. CONCLUSION
This study has revealed that the most available, accessed and used ICT facilities in the area include:
mobile phones, television and radio. The access and use of ICTs in the study area is medium and the
respondents have little knowledge about ICT They have useful information necessary to improve
agricultural production. The ICT farmers have use only traditional ICT they have little knowledge
about modern ICTs the respondents have faced some constrains in study area which include: high cost
of ICT infrastructure, low income earning, lack of ICT policies to enhance ICT development in rural
areas and lack of necessary skill. Based on the findings, it is necessary to make relevant policies to
ensure that farmers have adequate access to ICT facilities. Government should help to provide the
necessary ICT infrastructures needed for effective use of ICTs in the rural area.
 Amit Mathur [2014], Role of Information Technology in Indian Agriculture .International
Journal of Applied Engineering Research , © Research India Publications Volume 9 ,ISSN
0973-4) ,pp. 1193-1198.
 Batte M.T., E. Jones, and D. Schnitkey. (1990): Computer Use by Ohio Commercial Farmers.
American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 72:935-45.
 Christensen M.C. (1992): Exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part I: Component
technologies, and also; Christensen M. C., 1992, exploring the limits of the technology S-
Curve. Part II: Architectural technologies, Operation Management 1, no. 4.
 Dhaka Farmers B.L’ [2010], Experience with ICTs on Transfer of Technology in Changing
Agri-rural Environment Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. 10 (3).
 Kumar.G .[2012] Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Agriculture –
Perception of the Farmers in Ramanathapuram District] Stat person Publications,
International Journal of statistics and mathematics, , Volume 4 Issue 2 ISSN: 2277- 2790 E-
ISSN: 2249-8605,
International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 -
6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 750-756 © IAEME Publication
753
Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in
Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016)
REFERENCES
[1] Amit Mathur [2014], Role of Information Technology in Indian Agriculture .International
Journal of Applied Engineering Research , © Research India Publications Volume 9
,ISSN 0973-4) ,pp. 1193-1198.
[2] Batte M.T., E. Jones, and D. Schnitkey. (1990): Computer Use by Ohio Commercial
Farmers. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 72:935-45.
[3] Christensen M.C. (1992): Exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part I:
Component technologies, and also; Christensen M. C., 1992, exploring the limits of the
technology S-Curve. Part II: Architectural technologies, Operation Management 1, no. 4
[4] Dhaka Farmers B.L’ [2010], Experience with ICTs on Transfer of Technology in
Changing Agricultural -rural Environment Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. 10 (3).
[5] 5.Hilda Munyua (2000) Application of ICTs in Africa’s Agricultural Sector: A Gender
Perspective: Gender and the Information http://www.idrc.ca/en/ev-32947-201-1-
DO_TOPIC.html
[6] Kumar.G. [2012] Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Agriculture –
Perception of the Farmers in Ramanathapuram District] Stat person Publications,
International Journal of statistic and mathematics, Volume 4 Issue 2 ISSN: 2277- 2790 E-
ISSN: 2249-8605.
[7] Norrasing Sangbuapuan, N. [2012]. ICT Policies Influencing Development of Rice
Farming in
[8] Thailand: A Case Study of the Community Rice Center of the Rice Department
International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 6.
[9] Amit Mathur [2014], Role of Information Technology in Indian Agriculture .International
Journal of Applied Engineering Research , © Research India Publications Volume 9
,ISSN 0973- 4) ,pp. 1193-1198.
[10] Batte M.T., E. Jones, and D. Schnitkey. (1990): Computer Use by Ohio Commercial
Farmers. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 72:935-45.
[11] Christensen M.C. (1992): Exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part I:
Component technologies, and also; Christensen M. C., 1992, exploring the limits of the
technology S-Curve. Part II: Architectural technologies, Operation Management 1, no.4,
4. Dhaka Farmers B.L’ [2010],Experience with ICTs on Transfer of Technology in
[12] Changing Agri-rural Environment Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. 10 (3).
[13] Kumar.G .[2012] Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Agriculture
– Perception of the Farmers in Ramanathapuram District] Stat person Publications,
International Journal of statistic and mathematic, , Volume 4 Issue 2 ISSN: 2277- 2790
E-ISSN: 2249-8605Amit Mathur [2014], Role of Information Technology in Indian
Agriculture .International Journal of Applied Engineering Research , © Research India
Publications Volume 9 ,ISSN 0973- 4)pp. 1193-1198.
[14] Batte M.T., E. Jones, and D. Schnitkey. (1990): Computer Use by Ohio Commercial
Farmers. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 72:935-45.
[15] Christensen M.C. (1992): Exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part I:
Component technologies, and also; Christensen M. C., 1992, exploring the limits of the
technology S-Curve. Part II: Architectural technologies, Operation Management 1, no.4,
[16] Dhaka Farmers B.L’ [2010],Experience with ICTs on Transfer of Technology in
[17] Changing Agri-rural Environment Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. 10 (3).
[18] Kumar.G .[2012] Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Agriculture
– Perception of the Farmers in Ramanathapuram District] Stat person Publications,
International Journal of Statistical and Mathematics, , Volume 4 Issue 2 ISSN: 2277-
2790 E-ISSN: 2249- 8605

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THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN THANJAVUR DISTRICT

  • 1. 747 Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016) International Journal of Management (IJM) THE ROLE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL PRACTICES IN THANJAVUR DISTRICT Dr.A.Sivagami Research Advisor & Head, Department of Social Work Bharathidasan University Constituent, College for Women, Orathanadu, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu R. Samundeeswari Asst. Professor & Research Scholar Department of social work Bharathidasan University Constituent College for Women Orathanadu, Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu ABSTRACT Information and Communications Technology is an umbrella term that includes any communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services and applications. ICT includes any communication device or application as radio, computer, television, network hardware, cellular phones, software, and satellite systems etc., as well as the various services and applications associated with them, such as distance learning and video conferencing. It is an integration of the technologies and the processes to distribute and communicate the desired information to the target audience and making the target audience more participative in nature Key words: Information and Communications Technology, ICT, IT Industry, Agricultural development, ICT in Agricultural. Cite this Article: Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District. International Journal of Management, 7(2), 2016, pp. 747-753. http://www.iaeme.com/ijm/index.asp 1. INTRODUCTION ICT (information and communications technology - or technologies) is an umbrella term that includes any communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services and applications INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT (IJM) ISSN 0976-6502 (Print) ISSN 0976-6510 (Online) Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 747-753 http://www.iaeme.com/ijm/index.asp Journal Impact Factor (2016): 8.1920 (Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com IJM © I A E M E
  • 2. International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 747-753 © IAEME Publication 748 Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016) 2. ICT USED IN AGRICULTURE ICTs (information communication technology) includes any communication device or application as radio, computer, television, network hardware, cellular phones, software, and satellite systems etc., as well as the various services and applications associated with them, such as distance learning and video conferencing. It is an integration of the technologies and the processes to distribute and communicate the desired information to the target audience and making the target audience more participative in nature Today agricultural development is fast emerging in both developing and developed countries the overall development of rural areas is expanding in new directions; old ways of delivering important services to citizens are being challenged; and traditional societies are being transformed into knowledge societies all over the world. ICTs play a key role in improving the availability of agricultural production and market information in developing countries. ICT-based market information systems have a proven track record for improving rural livelihoods in middle income developing countries where they have been introduced. However, these systems are generally limited in scale and have not been effectively replicated beyond the local level. Broad basing agricultural extension activities; developing farming system research and extension; having location-specific modules of research and extension; and promoting market extension, sustainable agricultural development, participatory research, etc. are some of the numerous areas where ICT can play an important role. IT can help here, by enabling extension workers to gather, store, retrieve and inseminate a broad range of information needed by farmers, thus transforming them from extension workers into knowledge workers. Agricultural extension systems in most developing countries are under-funded and have had mixed effects. Much of the extension information has been found to be out of date, irrelevant and not applicable to small farmers‘ needs, leaving such farmers with very little information or resources to improve their productivity. ICT helps the extension system in re-orienting itself towards the overall agricultural development of small production systems. With the appropriate knowledge, small-scale producers can even have a competitive edge over larger operations. When knowledge is harnessed by strong organizations of small producers, strategic planning can be used to provide members with least- cost inputs, better storage facilities, improved transportation links and collective negotiations with buyers. Some agricultural development services that can be provided in the developing world, using ICT, are  Online services for information, education and training, monitoring and consultation, diagnosis and monitoring, and transaction and processing;  E-commerce for direct linkages between local producers, traders, retailers and suppliers;  The facilitation of interaction among researchers, extension (knowledge) workers, and farmers;  Question-and-answer services where experts respond to queries on specialized subjects ICT services to block- and district-level developmental officials for greater efficiency in delivering services for overall agricultural development;  Up-to-date information, supplied to farmers as early as possible, about subjects such as packages of practices, market information, weather forecasting, input supplies, credit availability, etc.;  Creation of databases with details of the resources of local villages and villagers, site-specific information systems, expert systems, etc.;  Provision of early warning systems about disease/ pest problems, information regarding rural development programmes and crop insurances, post-harvest technology, etc.;  Facilitation of land records and online registration services;  Improved marketing of milk and milk products;  Services providing information to farmers regarding farm business and management;
  • 3. International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 750-756 © IAEME Publication 749 Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016)  Increased efficiency and productivity of cooperative societies through the computer communication network and the latest database technology;  Tele-education for farmers ICTs play a key role in improving the availability of agricultural production and market information in developing countries. ICT based market information systems have a proven track record for improving rural livelihoods in middle income developing countries where they have been introduced. However, these systems are generally limited in scale and have not been effectively replicated beyond the local level. This paper attempts an analysis of the ICT play an important role in bringing about sustainable agricultural development and future perspectives in agriculture and ICT. It is recommended that, in drought-prone and less endowed areas, future ICT initiatives provide information services such as facilitation of access to land records, question-and-answer services, information on rural development programs, weather forecasting, marketing information, best package of practices for dry land agriculture, information on crop insurance and post- harvest technology. It is also recommended that, before ICT services are set up in a region, efforts are made to develop among the farmers both a satisfactory level of faith in the intentions of the ICT staff and a firm commitment to the goals of the proposed project. It is also suggested that participatory and rapid rural appraisals are carried out to ascertain what information the farmers need. In the process, the farmers ‘self-fulfilling faith in the information services provided should be enhanced. It is further recommended that the farmers be instructed in how to get the best possible use out of the services provided. 3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The main purpose of this study is to explore the extent of usage of ICT in Agricultural by the farmers in Thanjavur District. The present study has the following objectives  To find out the information needs of the rural farmers in Thanjavur district  To find out the nature and type of information required by the farmers  To examine the information communication channels and the information sources used by the farmers  To find out the awareness of ICT application in transfer of information. 4. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY The researcher adopted descriptive research design as the research aimed at describing the role of ICT in agricultural development and the researcher collected data from the farmers of Thanjavur district. About 50 respondents were selected through simple random sampling in Thiruvaiyaru Block, Thanjavur. Both primary and secondary data were used for this study. The primary data were collected by using a pre tested questionnaire. 4.1. Data Analysis and Discussion 41.1. Frequency of Information Needs by Farmers Table 1 Information Needs Sl. No Frequency of information needs No of response Percentage 1. Daily 32 64 2. Sometimes 12 24 3. Never 06 12 50 100
  • 4. International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 747-753 © IAEME Publication 750 Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016) From the Table 1, it is identified that 64% of farmers stated that they need information Daily followed by 24% of farmers need information sometimes and only 12% of the farmers were on the opinion that they do not need information for agricultural activities. Overall, it is noted that majority of the respondents (64%) need information daily. 4.1.2. Nature and Type of Information needs of the farmers Table .2 Information needs on cultivation Sl.NO Areas of information needs No.of.responce Percentage 1. Improved variety of crop production 13 26 2. Availability of seeds 10 20 3. Type of pesticides to be used 5 10 4. Type of fertilizer to be used 2 4 5. About weather conditions 8 16 6. About water management techniques 3 6 7. Modern equipment used 5 10 8. Modern methods of cultivations 4 8 Table 2 that the rural farmers (20%), (26%) and (10%) required information on availability of seeds, improved variety of crop production and type of fertilizers to be used. 16% of the respondents stated that they needed information for pesticides to be used and information for weather condition, modern methods of cultivation and modern equipments used were the least preferred information. Thus, it is found that majority of the respondents used information for availability of seeds, improved variety of crop production and type of fertilizers to be used and information on weather condition, modern method of cultivation and modern equipments used were least preferred by the farmers. 0 10 20 30 40 Daily Sometimes Never
  • 5. International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 750-756 © IAEME Publication 751 Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016) 4.1.3. Table 3 Using ICT applications Sl.no Using ICT applications to get information Response Percentage 1 Use Internet 04 08 2 Use Mobile Phone 26 52 3 Use Information centers 08 16 4 Follow SMS alerts 12 24 50 100 Table 3 reveals that the preference of the rural community in the use of ICT applications are as follows: Use Mobile phones (52 %), follow SMS alerts (24%), Use Information center (16 %) and Use Internet (8. %). 5. KEY FINDINGS  ICTs available in the study area: The survey found that most of the respondents have television and high majority of the respondents use mobile phone available ICT in the area. Most of the respondents have used traditional ICTs. On the other hand, the ICT tools that were not available to many respondents included: computer, Internet, Scanners etc.  Awareness of ICT in farmers the study reveals that 56 % the respondents awareness that ICT is important that their occupation. Small portion of the respondents they don’t want any communication facilities for their survival. So the study concluded that half of the respondent’s lake of aware about the ICT usages.  Attitude of farmers towards ICT: The survey found that half of respondents believe that ICT is essential for their agricultural and its allied activities. In order to assess the attitude of farmers towards ICT, they felt agricultural is important for their survival.  Effectiveness of ICT in agricultural development : Nearly 46 % of respondents strongly agree that effective ICT tools and techniques are used in farming practices is very use full to their day to day affairs . 25 % respondents says they did not believe the ICT s effectiveness for their development so the study find that most of farmers don’t properly use the ICT s effectiveness.  Need for ICT facilities in farmers: The findings of the study reveal that the rural farmers are need in agricultural related information. Their needs are specific for different purposes. The information channels they depend upon for getting information are Cell phone and 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 use internet use mobile use information centers follow SMS alerts Series1
  • 6. International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 747-753 © IAEME Publication 752 Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016) newspapers, television, and radio. Majority of them getting information use cell phone but due to the familiarity in using mobile phones, most of them make agriculture related inquiries through mobile phones and the SMS alert service. Most of the respondents received information from fellow farmers and friends.  Types of information required farmers: The result shows that the majority of the farmers required that output prices information some farmers want to technical advice on agricultural practices small portion of the respondents says that they need the climate conditions, crop variety and insurance related information.  Constrains to use of ICT in farmers: CT adoption is relay a problem according to responses indicated that 36 % agree that the major factor limiting the use of ICT in agriculture was the lake of ICT knowledge 25% opine that the high cost 10 % of the farmers not interested in ICT s usages. So the study reveals that most of the farmers not properly utilized ICTs because their un awareness and also most of them felt that ICTs services are high cost. 6. HYPOTHESIS TEST There is no significance relationship between educational qualification and information needs of the forming community of the respondents. It had been proved by chi- square test (x2 =34.27). The table value of x2 at 5 percentage difference for 2 degree of freedom is 5.991. The calculated value is less than the table value and hence the null hypothesis is accepted and concluded that there is no significant relationship between the educational qualification and information needs of the forming community of the respondents. 7. CONCLUSION This study has revealed that the most available, accessed and used ICT facilities in the area include: mobile phones, television and radio. The access and use of ICTs in the study area is medium and the respondents have little knowledge about ICT They have useful information necessary to improve agricultural production. The ICT farmers have use only traditional ICT they have little knowledge about modern ICTs the respondents have faced some constrains in study area which include: high cost of ICT infrastructure, low income earning, lack of ICT policies to enhance ICT development in rural areas and lack of necessary skill. Based on the findings, it is necessary to make relevant policies to ensure that farmers have adequate access to ICT facilities. Government should help to provide the necessary ICT infrastructures needed for effective use of ICTs in the rural area.  Amit Mathur [2014], Role of Information Technology in Indian Agriculture .International Journal of Applied Engineering Research , © Research India Publications Volume 9 ,ISSN 0973-4) ,pp. 1193-1198.  Batte M.T., E. Jones, and D. Schnitkey. (1990): Computer Use by Ohio Commercial Farmers. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 72:935-45.  Christensen M.C. (1992): Exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part I: Component technologies, and also; Christensen M. C., 1992, exploring the limits of the technology S- Curve. Part II: Architectural technologies, Operation Management 1, no. 4.  Dhaka Farmers B.L’ [2010], Experience with ICTs on Transfer of Technology in Changing Agri-rural Environment Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. 10 (3).  Kumar.G .[2012] Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Agriculture – Perception of the Farmers in Ramanathapuram District] Stat person Publications, International Journal of statistics and mathematics, , Volume 4 Issue 2 ISSN: 2277- 2790 E- ISSN: 2249-8605,
  • 7. International Journal of Management (IJM), ISSN 0976 – 6502(Print), ISSN 0976 - 6510(Online), Volume 7, Issue 2, February (2016), pp. 750-756 © IAEME Publication 753 Dr. A. Sivagami and R. Samundeeswari. “The Role of Information and Communication Technology in Agricultural Practices in Thanjavur District”- (ICAM 2016) REFERENCES [1] Amit Mathur [2014], Role of Information Technology in Indian Agriculture .International Journal of Applied Engineering Research , © Research India Publications Volume 9 ,ISSN 0973-4) ,pp. 1193-1198. [2] Batte M.T., E. Jones, and D. Schnitkey. (1990): Computer Use by Ohio Commercial Farmers. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 72:935-45. [3] Christensen M.C. (1992): Exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part I: Component technologies, and also; Christensen M. C., 1992, exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part II: Architectural technologies, Operation Management 1, no. 4 [4] Dhaka Farmers B.L’ [2010], Experience with ICTs on Transfer of Technology in Changing Agricultural -rural Environment Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. 10 (3). [5] 5.Hilda Munyua (2000) Application of ICTs in Africa’s Agricultural Sector: A Gender Perspective: Gender and the Information http://www.idrc.ca/en/ev-32947-201-1- DO_TOPIC.html [6] Kumar.G. [2012] Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Agriculture – Perception of the Farmers in Ramanathapuram District] Stat person Publications, International Journal of statistic and mathematics, Volume 4 Issue 2 ISSN: 2277- 2790 E- ISSN: 2249-8605. [7] Norrasing Sangbuapuan, N. [2012]. ICT Policies Influencing Development of Rice Farming in [8] Thailand: A Case Study of the Community Rice Center of the Rice Department International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, Vol. 3, No. 6. [9] Amit Mathur [2014], Role of Information Technology in Indian Agriculture .International Journal of Applied Engineering Research , © Research India Publications Volume 9 ,ISSN 0973- 4) ,pp. 1193-1198. [10] Batte M.T., E. Jones, and D. Schnitkey. (1990): Computer Use by Ohio Commercial Farmers. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 72:935-45. [11] Christensen M.C. (1992): Exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part I: Component technologies, and also; Christensen M. C., 1992, exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part II: Architectural technologies, Operation Management 1, no.4, 4. Dhaka Farmers B.L’ [2010],Experience with ICTs on Transfer of Technology in [12] Changing Agri-rural Environment Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. 10 (3). [13] Kumar.G .[2012] Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Agriculture – Perception of the Farmers in Ramanathapuram District] Stat person Publications, International Journal of statistic and mathematic, , Volume 4 Issue 2 ISSN: 2277- 2790 E-ISSN: 2249-8605Amit Mathur [2014], Role of Information Technology in Indian Agriculture .International Journal of Applied Engineering Research , © Research India Publications Volume 9 ,ISSN 0973- 4)pp. 1193-1198. [14] Batte M.T., E. Jones, and D. Schnitkey. (1990): Computer Use by Ohio Commercial Farmers. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 72:935-45. [15] Christensen M.C. (1992): Exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part I: Component technologies, and also; Christensen M. C., 1992, exploring the limits of the technology S-Curve. Part II: Architectural technologies, Operation Management 1, no.4, [16] Dhaka Farmers B.L’ [2010],Experience with ICTs on Transfer of Technology in [17] Changing Agri-rural Environment Indian Res. J. Ext. Edu. 10 (3). [18] Kumar.G .[2012] Impact of Information and Communication Technology in Agriculture – Perception of the Farmers in Ramanathapuram District] Stat person Publications, International Journal of Statistical and Mathematics, , Volume 4 Issue 2 ISSN: 2277- 2790 E-ISSN: 2249- 8605