This document describes a system for remotely monitoring waste gas levels at an industrial plant using various sensors and communication technologies. The system measures carbon dioxide (CO2) levels and temperature using appropriate sensors, and sends the data to a local monitoring station and operator phones using GSM technology. It also identifies the location using GPS. MODBUS protocol is used to continuously update measurements to the local GUI. The system aims to monitor gas levels in real-time, send alerts if levels exceed thresholds, and identify the source location. It provides a low-cost solution for remote industrial gas monitoring and management.

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International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IJARET)
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 3, Number 2, July-December (2012), © IAEME
ISSN 0976 - 6480 (Print)
ISSN 0976 - 6499 (Online)
Volume 3, Issue 2, July-December (2012), pp. 52-59
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GSM BASED REMOTE MONITORING OF WASTE GAS AT LOCALLY
MONITORED GUI WITH THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MODBUS
PROTOCOL AND LOCATION IDENTIFICATION THROUGH GPS
Seema vora1, Prof.Mukesh Tiwari 2, Prof.Jaikaran Singh 3
1,2,3,
Department of Electronics and communication Engineering,
SSSIST,Sehore,Bhopal,India
1. sbvora@aits.edu.in
2. mukeshtiwari_79@yahoo.co.in
3. jksingh81@yahoo.co.in
ABSTRACT
To monitor the amount of gas (particularly Co2) from any factory site, a design has been
developed which measures and monitors the amount and pressure of Co2 and also the
temperature of that particular location. This will be helpful if any factory or chimney releases
polluted gas like Co2 above some specified limit, which seriously affects people’s health.
When level of Co2 exceeds certain predefined level, this system will send an alarm to
operator’s mobile. For this, existing infrastructure of GSM have been used. GPS module will
be used for locating exact position of plant. In this system, controller MSP 430, gas sensor
MG811 and temperature sensor LM 335 are used as core elements. In this area until now, the
work done is remote measurement of CO2 and that data was sent by GSM.The GPS was
effectively used to locate the position. Here MODBUS is used which is serial communication
protocol which will continuously update the value on local monitoring station also. so that
required actions can be taken immediately if it is required.GUI is also developed to monitor
the recorded data at local monitoring station only. Moreover another parameter-temperature
is also measured and updated. MODBUS is now- a -days a better option over conventional
low speed wireless channels.The precision and accuracy of recorded results of measured Co2
and position from GPS have been increased. The controller used here can give response to
247 different devices, which is good for future expansion of a system at low cost.
KEYWORDS
GPS, GSM, MG811, LM335, MSP430, MODBUS.
1. INTRODUCTION
In 21st century, as the technology advances, high speed, compact and wireless systems are in
demand. Wired communication cannot meet the requirements of speed and cannot be
available everytime, everywhere.
A challenge for web services is to find reliable and efficient methods to transfer large data
between them. The development of a modular Server/Client library that uses SOAP as a
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2. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 3, Number 2, July-December (2012), © IAEME
control channel while the actual data transport is accomplished by various protocol
implementations [5]
Real time remote data monitoring through GSM technology allows user to get the
informative data whose measurement unit is located somewhere else. GSM is a wireless
communication technology; most popular today for transmitting data anywhere in the world
through SMS with the help of mobile phones.
SMS is a globally accepted wireless service that enables the transmission of alphanumeric
messages between mobile subscribers and external systems.In Short message service, the
most attractive feature we can highlight is regular delivery of messages and moreover instant
acknowledgement service.
Here, the main Objective is to work for Safety of the remotely situated location,application
for security of the same, and Send SMS to a monitoring centre.In addition to this, GPS
concept will trace real time position of remotely situated RTU.
This paper consists of five parts. In first block diagram for the proposed scheme has been
explained. In second various sensors, which have been used are explored. In third,
explanation of modbus protocol has been given. Fourth,will put some light on system
software. In Fifth the results of measurements have been shown.
2. DESIGNING THE SYSTEM
2.1. System Hardware
Fig.1 Gas Plant Monitoring System Architecture
Figure 1 shows the complete architecture of the GAS plant monitoring System. This system
will continuously measure the pressure of the Carbon Dioxide and temperature of the plant
and continuously update the values on the local system using MODBUS protocol. Alarms
will be sending to the operator’s mobile using GSM technology. Position of the remote
terminal unit is identified using GPS module, which is interfaced with this monitoring
system.
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3. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 3, Number 2, July-December (2012), © IAEME
2.2. Sensors
A) LM335 Temperature Sensor
The LM335 series are highly precise temperature sensors. Moreover calibration is easy.
They are calibrated in °Kelvin.they can give range from µA to mA and they are not
expensive.
Fig.2 LM335 Temperature Sensor
Vout t=Vout To*(T/T0) Where, T=Temperature
T0=Reference temperature
Calibration of temperature : (((temp - 2138) * 410) / 4096)+27;
B) CO2 Gas Sensor
A carbon dioxide sensor or CO2 sensor is an instrument for the measurement of carbon
dioxide gas. The most common principles for CO2 sensors are infrared gas sensors (NDIR)
and chemical gas sensors. Measuring carbon dioxide is important in many industrial
processes.
Practical implementation of MG811
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4. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
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CO2 (CARBON DIOXIDE) WORKING PRINCIPLE
When the sensor exposed to CO2 the following electrodes reaction occurs
Cathodic reaction: 2Li + + CO2 + 1/2O2 + 2e - = Li2CO3
Anodic reaction: 2Na+ + 1/2O2 + 2e- = Na2O
Overall chemical reaction: Li2CO3 + 2Na + = Na2O + 2Li + + CO2
These sensors are compatible with most microcontrollers. They can be interfaced with 4 pin
SIP headers. When certain predefined level has been reach, they are having alarm facility.
2.3. Control software
The algorithm or flowchart which will control the hardware is given below.
2.4. Setting up hardware with HyperTerminal
FINDING THE CONNECTING PORT OF SENSOR CONNECTING WITH THE GSM MODULE
BY DEVICE MANAGER
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5. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 3, Number 2, July-December (2012), © IAEME
2.5 MODBUS Protocol
MODBUS Protocol is a messaging structure developed by Modicon in 1979.it uses master
slave or client server communication between devices. In master slave technique, only master
can start the communication. Slave (other communicating devices) respond to the master
either by supplying the data or by taking the action told by the master.
There are two types of transmission modes.
• ASCII mode
• RTU mode
This mode is selected with serial communication in this specific case with baud rate but it can
be selected with parity also.Message frame and data frame are two different things. Data
frame structure depends on transmission mode. ASCII Mode messages start with a colon
character ":" (ASCII 3AH) and end with a carriage return-line feed pair of characters (CRLF,
ASCII 0DH & 0AH). The only allowable characters for all other fields are hexadecimal 0-9
& A-F [3].
MODBUS transaction (error free)
MODBUS settings View data
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6. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
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GSM module connected with sensor setting up GPS
2.6. Test results
Time Temp CO2 CO2 Latitude Longitude
Slot Alarm
(Min) (°C) (gm) (0/1) (N) (E)
10 27 189 0 2307.1256 12016.4438
20 30 205 1 2307.1256 12016.4438
30 32 210 1 2307.1256 12016.4438
40 29 196 0 2307.1256 12016.4438
50 26 190 0 2307.1256 12016.4438
Measurement of CO2 without alarm (0 in third row) Measurement of CO2 with alarm (1 in third row)
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Locating position of device by GPS
GSM and GPS connected with system hardware
GUI for local monitoring station
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8. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology (IJARET), ISSN 0976 –
6480(Print), ISSN 0976 – 6499(Online) Volume 3, Number 2, July-December (2012), © IAEME
3. CONCLUSION
The remote GAS Plant monitoring system based on GSM and GPS has three features. Firstly, all the
data collected by the system will be directly transmitted through MODBUS protocol. Secondly, the
system can automatically send alarms to the supervision staffs by the GSM network. Third, the system
can provide the location of the remote terminal unit using GPS system. At the same time, with the
advantages of small size, real-time communication, inexpensive and easy to maintain, the system also
has tremendous superiorities when compared with the expensive monitor system used by the
environmental supervision and management departments imported from foreign country.
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