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DSM IN NORWAY'S EEZ - EMERGING INDUSTRY BASED ON REGIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL EXPERIENCE
- 1. DSM IN NORWAY'S EEZ - EMERGING INDUSTRY BASED ON REGIONAL TECHNOLOGICAL EXPERIENCE Egil Tjåland NTNU/Norwegian Forum for Marine Minerals 10th Annual Asia Pacific Deep Sea Mining summit 2022, December 12th, Singapore
- 4. Statutes and regulations for DSM in Norway • The Seabed Minerals Act entered into force on 1 July 2019 • The law facilitates exploration for and extraction of mineral deposits on the Norwegian continental shelf • The administrative responsibility for seabed minerals on the Norwegian continental shelf is assigned to the Ministry of Petroleum and Energy • The Norwegian Petroleum Directorate (NPD) is the Ministry's specialist agency and assists the Ministry in implementing the impact assessment and coordinates the scientific study efforts
- 5. Statutes and regulations for DSM in Norway • The NPD is designated as the national administrator for all subsurface data acquired from the Norwegian shelf and will carry out mapping of the mineral resources
- 6. Source: Regjeringen.no Opening process in Norway Deep Sea Mining Decision phase Q2-23 Reporting phase Q2/3-22 Investigation phase Q1/2-22 Program phase Q2-20- Q2-21
- 7. Source: Rystad Energy, NPD Norway’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)
- 8. Source: Rystad Energy, NPD Detailed map of Norway’s EEZ Area for impact assessment – 592.000 km2
- 9. Source: Norwegian Petroleum Directorate Recommended exploration area from Ministry of Petroleum and Energy (28.10.22) New area for impact assessment 325,000 km2
- 10. DSM resources discovered in Norway’s EEZ • Cobalt-Rich Manganese Crusts (CRC) • Seafloor Massive Sulfides (SMS)
- 11. Cobalt-Rich Manganese Crusts (CRC) Source – Norwegian Petroleum Directorate/UiB Manganese, Dysprosium, Neodymium, Scandium, Rare Earth Elements
- 12. Seafloor Massive Sulfides (SMS) Source: Norwegian Petroleum Directorate Zink, Copper Cobalt, Iron, Gold ++
- 13. Source: Norwegian Petroleum Directorate What have been discovered on Norway’s EEZ? Copper, Zinc, Cobalt, Vanadium, Tungsten Silver, Gold, Scandium ++
- 14. Source: Norwegian Petroleum Directorate Bathymetric map of Norwegian Sea
- 15. Source: Bergens Tidene Sampling of sulfide deposits in the Atlantic Ocean
- 16. Deep Sea Mining can use geophysical techniques commonly used in land mining and O&G industry Source: Nature, Johansen et al., 2019 Geophysical measurements in Norway’s EEZ
- 17. Exploration techniques for DSM Source: Norwegian Petroleum Directorate
- 18. Possible methods for Deep Sea Mining Source: Norwegian Petroleum Directorate
- 19. Possible production tools for Deep Sea Mining Source: Norwegian Petroleum Directorate
- 20. Deep Sea Mining System – Techno-transfer from O&G • Riser heave compensation systems • Possible dual riser system – recirculation of lifting water • Wind power assist Source: Lesage (2020)
- 21. • Dynamic positioning system – station keeping • Monitoring, control and communications Source: Lesage (2020) Deep Sea Mining System – Techno-transfer from O&G
- 22. Source: nautilusminerals.com Source: Loke.com Source: Adepthminerals.no Deep Sea Mining equipment
- 23. Potential for Norwegian industry within seabed minerals Kilde: Rystad Energy (2020)
- 24. Potentially several tens of thousands of jobs for Norwegian industry within seabed minerals Kilde: Rystad Energy (2020)
- 25. Conclusions • Norway has access to a large area suitable for Deep Sea Mining • Norway has established a law on seabed minerals (2019) • Norway has started an impact assessment for seabed mineral (2020- 2023) • Political decision for Deep Sea Mining exploration licencing Q2 -2023 • Political decision for Deep Sea Mining extraction licencing - ?