This document describes two mechanisms - a spring coil mechanism and rack pinion mechanism - for generating electricity from vehicles passing over speed bumps. It discusses how the kinetic energy from vehicles can be converted into potential, then pneumatic and electrical energy using these mechanisms. The spring coil mechanism uses springs that compress under vehicle weight, compressing air which turns an impeller to generate electricity. The rack pinion mechanism uses a rack and pinion gear arrangement to convert the linear motion of the speed bump into rotational motion to generate electricity. The document provides details on the design and working of these mechanisms, as well as results of testing voltage generated based on vehicle speed and weight. It concludes that these mechanisms can help reduce wasted energy at speed bumps

2.  Introduction
 Different mechanisms
 Spring coil mechanism
 Rack pinion mechanism
 MERITS and demerit
 scope and uses
 CONCLUSION

3. A large amount of energy is wasted
at the speed breakers through
friction , every time a vehicle passes
over it.
So electricity can be generated using
the vehicle weight (potential energy)
as input.
So, this is a small step to try to
improve this situation.

4.  SPRING COIL MECHANISM
 RACK- PINION MECHANISM
 CRANK-SHAFT MECHANISM
 ROLLER MECHANISM

5.  OUT OF THE ABOVE METHODS
CRANK-SHAFT MECHANISM & ROLLER
MECHANISM ARE NOT USED BECAUSE OF
THE DEMERITS RELATED TO THESE METHODS.
 SO ONLY SPRING COIL MECHANISM &
RACK- PINION MECHANISM ARE
DISCUSSED.

6. Working principle
Conversion of mechanical
energy to pneumatic energy
which is converted to
electical energy

7.  Here we are making the speed breaker of
vibrating type, when a vehicle crosses the
speed breaker, it gets pressed and then it
gets back to its original position.
 Dimensions of speed breaker:-
Height : 0.2m
Width : 0.4m
Length : 4m

8. •The material
used in construction
of speed breakers is
steel.
•The shape of speed
breaker is
trapezoidal .

9. • Height: 0.35m
• Length : 4m
• Width :0.45m
• The bottom layer of
the trench is filled
with concrete or with
wooden plates of
0.5m.
•This is for cushion
effect.

10.  The actual height of spring is 0.3m before loading.
 The deflection of the spring is given by
 δ = 64 w *n*N*R^3 /(Gd^4)
 where
 δ-deflection (in our case maximum δ =0.1m)
 w=designed load
 R= mean diameter of coil
 d =diameter of wire
 n=no of spring turns
 G= Modulus of rigidity = 8*10^4 N/mm2
 N= No. of springs
 The no of turns in the spring to get the deflection of
0.1m is given by
 n= δGd^4/(64 w*N*R^3)

11.  Vehicle approaching the speed breaker

12.  Maximum load on the
speed breaker is when
the vehicle is on the
middle of the speed
breaker.
 When the load is on the
speed breaker, the
volume of air compressed
by it is found by,
Volume of compressed air
= Volume of air in base –
Volume of spring
= (x m^3)/s

13.  When the pressure
in the FRL unit
exceeds the
defined level the
valve opens and
the pressurized air
is given to the
nozzle.

14.  The diameter of the inlet
of nozzle must be greater
than outlet.
 Here the pressure energy
is converted to kinetic
energy i.e pressure→high
velocity.
 This high velocity
compressd air when hits
the impeller ,makes it to
rotate.

15. CONSISTS -
 Casing
 Runner and buckets
CASING-
 This is provided to safeguard device against
accidents.

16.  It consists of a
circular disc on the
periphery of which
have number of
buckets evenly spaced
are fixed. Each bucket
is divided in to 2
symmetrical parts by
a dividing wall is know
as splitter.
 When the air strikes
the runner ,it rotates
& continues rotation
due to inertia.

17.  An electrical generator is a machine which
converts mechanical energy in to electrical
energy.
 The output of the alternator is used to light
the street lights & is rectified & stored in
batteries.

18. PRINCIPLE
MECHANICAL ENERGY IS
CONVERTED TO ELECTRICAL
ENERGY

19.  The various machine elements used in the
construction of power hump are
 RACK-PINION
 SPROCKETS
 GEARS
 FLY WHEEL
 SHAFT
 ELECTRIC GENERATOR

20. Transfers rotary
motion between
two shafts

21. The input gear
transfers power
to the output
gear.

22. This is used to regulate the energy and
maintain the energy at an uniform
level so that the shaft rotate at an
uniform r.p.m

24.  Here the reciprocating motion of the speed-
breaker is converted into rotary motion using
the rack and pinion arrangement.
 Rack and pinion gears normally change rotary
motion into linear motion, but sometimes we
use them to change linear motion into rotary
motion.

25.  The axis of the pinion is coupled with the sprocket
arrangement.
 The axis of the smaller sprocket is coupled to a
gear arrangement.
 Finally the gear arrangement is coupled with the
generator

27. Speed of vehicle
(kmhr)
Voltage generated
(volts)
 10
 20
 30
 40
 50
 7.93
 6.28
 5.03
 4.66
 3.03

28. Load(kgs) Voltage generated(V)
 60(man load)
 130
 170
 200
 270
 8.33
 9.45
 10.22
 11.23
 11.81

29. merits demerits
 Low Budget electricity
production
 Less floor area
 No obstruction to traffic
 Suitable at parking of
multiplexes, malls, toll
booths, signals, etc.
 We have to check
mechanism from time to
time
 It can get rusted in rainy
season
 May not work with light
weight vehicles
 Less quantity

30.  This mechanism is very economical and easy
to install.
 Two protocols of this type of speed breakers
are developed in India .not practically
implemented till date.
 Practically implemented in New Jersy,China
and Indonesia.
 Lots of researches and investgations are
going on to practically utilise this technique
.

31.  The existing source of energy such as coal, oil etc
may not be adequate to meet the ever increasing
energy demands. These conventional sources of
energy are also depleting and may be exhausted.
 These are some non-conventional methods of
producing energy. This project is a one step to path
of exploring the possibilities of energy from
several non-conventional energy sources.

32. THANK YOU