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How are norms around
  privacy and publicity
   reflected in online
learning environments?
John Dewey:
   the school is a
        social
     institution



John Dewey pic by Underwood & Underwood NY https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/File:John_Dewey_lib.jpg;
                            school pic from https://rhhr.wordpress.com/2009/11/24/the-regulators-the-school-system/
Learning is social

• We construct knowledge through
  discussion, argument, debate, criticism,
  publication, public demonstration,
  dissemination, collaboration and teamwork.
• But that doesn’t mean that all interactions
  are ‘public’ all the time.
(1)
Norms of information
 sharing in learning
Pic by Dave McLean, CC BY NC SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/damclean/2804826/
pic by Thiago Lopes http://www.flickr.com/photos/mystic/254752892/
Pic by Kim Cofino CC BY NC SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/superkimbo/3121816803/
Pic by cactusbillaz http://www.flickr.com/photos/cactusbillaz/4309493008/
http://www.saintmonica.net/school/picture.page/sciencefair.2008/album/slides/dsc_7393.html
(2)
Technology spaces for
 “managing” learning
(3)
Where is the
disconnect?
Helen Nissenbaum: privacy can be infringed when
“contextual integrity” of an information flow is broken.




Pic by Joe Hall CC BY http://www.flickr.com/photos/71753172@N00/2385347167
norms of information flow
• we don’t expect that conversations we had
  while learning a subject when we are in a
  classroom will be persistently available
  forever;
• we don’t expect that what goes on in the
  classroom will be visible to everyone all the
  time;
• we don’t expect that others will ‘listen in’ to
  our team’s discussions.
norms                   technology
       dynamic                      static

     multiplicities                binary
audience for ‘public’ is   audience for ‘public’ is
       defined                    undefined
multiple roles beyond      assumes only one role
‘student’ and ‘teacher’          per user
Public    100
                                                                                                                                                       ‘open’ virtual
           80                                                                                                                                            classroom
           60
                                                                                                                                                F2F classroom
           40

           20                                                                        ‘closed’ virtual
                                                                                        classroom
Private     0
                                 Time
                Start of class




                                        In-class question




                                                            In-class presentations




                                                                                              Presentations to student body, parents, friends




                                                                                                                                                        End of class
  Privacy and publicity in F2F versus
‘open’ and ‘closed’ virtual classrooms
Lots more questions...
• what roles do we play during a class and
  how do these roles changes over time?
• do the terms ‘open’ and ‘closed’ education
  play any role in these decisions?
• are there ways of designing technology to
  accommodate norms of information sharing
  that change over time?

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How are norms around privacy and publicity reflected in online learning environments?

  • 1. How are norms around privacy and publicity reflected in online learning environments?
  • 2.
  • 3. John Dewey: the school is a social institution John Dewey pic by Underwood & Underwood NY https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/File:John_Dewey_lib.jpg; school pic from https://rhhr.wordpress.com/2009/11/24/the-regulators-the-school-system/
  • 4. Learning is social • We construct knowledge through discussion, argument, debate, criticism, publication, public demonstration, dissemination, collaboration and teamwork. • But that doesn’t mean that all interactions are ‘public’ all the time.
  • 5. (1) Norms of information sharing in learning
  • 6. Pic by Dave McLean, CC BY NC SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/damclean/2804826/
  • 7. pic by Thiago Lopes http://www.flickr.com/photos/mystic/254752892/
  • 8. Pic by Kim Cofino CC BY NC SA http://www.flickr.com/photos/superkimbo/3121816803/
  • 9. Pic by cactusbillaz http://www.flickr.com/photos/cactusbillaz/4309493008/
  • 11. (2) Technology spaces for “managing” learning
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 17. Helen Nissenbaum: privacy can be infringed when “contextual integrity” of an information flow is broken. Pic by Joe Hall CC BY http://www.flickr.com/photos/71753172@N00/2385347167
  • 18. norms of information flow • we don’t expect that conversations we had while learning a subject when we are in a classroom will be persistently available forever; • we don’t expect that what goes on in the classroom will be visible to everyone all the time; • we don’t expect that others will ‘listen in’ to our team’s discussions.
  • 19. norms technology dynamic static multiplicities binary audience for ‘public’ is audience for ‘public’ is defined undefined multiple roles beyond assumes only one role ‘student’ and ‘teacher’ per user
  • 20. Public 100 ‘open’ virtual 80 classroom 60 F2F classroom 40 20 ‘closed’ virtual classroom Private 0 Time Start of class In-class question In-class presentations Presentations to student body, parents, friends End of class Privacy and publicity in F2F versus ‘open’ and ‘closed’ virtual classrooms
  • 21. Lots more questions... • what roles do we play during a class and how do these roles changes over time? • do the terms ‘open’ and ‘closed’ education play any role in these decisions? • are there ways of designing technology to accommodate norms of information sharing that change over time?