Dr. Betsy Greene from the University of Vermont gave a presentation on tips for protecting barns and horses from disease. She discussed various diseases that can affect horses, both infectious diseases that can spread from horse to horse and zoonotic diseases that can spread from horses to humans. She emphasized the importance of biosecurity practices like quarantining new horses, cleaning and disinfecting equipment, and implementing protocols for sick horses to prevent the spread of disease. Dr. Greene also provided information on controlling wildlife, insects, and rodents that can carry disease, and highlighted the benefits of developing a customized biosecurity plan for each barn.

1. My Horse University and eXtension’sHorseQuestwelcome you to this live Webcast. Tips for Protecting Your Barn and Horses From Disease Dr. Betsy Greene University of Vermont

2. Meet our presenter: Dr. Betsy Greene University of Vermont

3. Overview Diseases Handling Animals Issues Remedies Prevention Resources

4. What are we worried about? Level of Risk Zoonotic Kindergarten Life Threatening

5. Zoonotic: Animal to Human Transmission How Bad is it Doc?! Ringworm Rabies Rain Rot Vesicular Stomatitis Others Salmonellosis, Brucellosis, Lepto, Crypto, Anthrax

6. Zoonotic: YESHorse to Human? (no) West Nile Eastern Equine Encephalitis Western EE Mosquitoes bite! Birds, then humans or horses…

7. ZoonoticTransmission Direct Eat, Breath, Skin Contact, Mucous Membrane/Open Wounds Indirect Insect Vector or Fomite

8. Repro Related Contagious Equine Metritis Equine Viral Arteritis

9. Other Diseases Equine Herpes Virus Equine Infectious Anemia West Nile Virus Influenza Strangles EEE/VEE/WEE

10. 2010: MI = 56

11. The Importance of Biosecurity Practices and procedures that reduce the risk of infectious disease. Benefits Healthier horses Fewer vet bills Client and employee safety Environmentally sound The bottom line = prevention

12. Tools for Promoting Biosecurity in Vermont’s Equine Community The development and implementation of a user-friendly biosecurity protocol for equine facilities will reduce the risk of infectious disease and environmental contamination by educating horse owners on proper procedures and protocols. CDROM

13. Layout Sections Evaluation, Protocol for Equine, Protocol for Visitors, Wildlife Control, Reference of Infectious Disease, Emergency Contact Info. Quick Views Summary Surveys Resources & Additional Information

14. Evaluating Your Current Practices Every horse facility is unique – effective biosecurity plans should be tailored to your needs. Evaluation included to help you categorize your facility and the areas in which you need improvement.

16. Disinfecting your farm

17. The Disinfecting Process

19. Manure Handling Stock-piling Pollution concerns, Accepted Agriculture Practices Spreading Requires proper amount of land area Prohibited in VT from Dec 15th to April 1st Selling Composting Most biosecure method Kills pathogens, low maintenance, volume reduction, desirable product

20. Medical Care Quarantine House/group horses by need and physiological state. Establish a vaccination routine. Take into account: Area Time of year Activity/use level of horses AAEP guidelines available online

21. New Additions to the Barn Quarantine New animals should always be quarantined for at least 3 weeks and closely monitored during this time. History Know the animal’s history/buy from reputable seller. Exam Have a vet check the new animal at the first sign of a problem.

22. Handling the Sick Horse(s) Human Behaviors/Practices Separate tools/equipment Housing/paddocks/water troughs Treat/Care for Last (Vet included…) Change/Disinfect Clothing/Footwear The happy birthday song….washing hands Other tips/protocols…

23. On the road…and back again Pre-travel Check your horse prior to travel, don’t transport a sick animal. Make sure vaccines are current for diseases spread at shows Stay Separate If possible, do not house your horses with other animals or in unsanitary conditions. Don’t Share Germs Do not allow your horse to use shared water or feed buckets Equipment Bring your own equipment

24. Transportation Keep your trailer clean Clean and disinfect after each use Don’t forget the wheels! Pleuropneumonia (Shipping Fever) If horses cannot properly lower their head for a long period of time, bacteria can collect in the air passages and cause infection.

25. Disinfecting Your Farm Disinfectants work best on clean surfaces Make sure disinfectant is horse-safe Follow labeled instructions for use NEVER mix chemicals Can create toxic gases, cause fires, or become more toxic to people

26. The Disinfecting Process Remove everything from stall Sweep out as much debris as possible Wash walls and floor with detergent or other cleaning agent. Rinse and allow to dry. Apply the disinfectant following labeled instructions. Do not rinse! Note: surfaces such as clay, dirt, and other porous substances cannot be adequately cleaned. Lye and thick bedding can help.

27. Disinfectant Guide

29. Maintain parking area away from manure and feed lanes

30. Hand/Boot Washing

31. Locate near exit

32. Staff

33. Present and available for questions

34. Dogs

36. General Guidelines Store feed in tightly closed, durable containers Protect your water source Use proper garbage disposal Feed pets indoors Keep work and storage areas clean Cut down on weeds The sooner you spot a problem, the less chance a disease can spread to your horses

37. Welcome Wildlife Raptors Snakes? Fish & Frogs Know “safe” behaviors The threat posed by wildlife species can sometimes be judged by behavior.

38. Rodent Control Rodent colonies can eat over a ton of feed per year and spoil ten times that amount! USDA reports that more than $2 billion in feed is destroyed by rodents every year Rodents can cause damage to buildings and can cause fires Notorious carriers of bacteria, lices, mites, ticks, fleas, and intestinal parasites. Prevention is key!

39. Rodent - Prevention Store feed in rodent-proof containers Keep garbage covered Eliminate holes in buildings larger than ¼ inch Trim weeds and long grass near buildings Remove decaying wood from your property Keep gutters clean and free of debris Avoid clutter!

40. Rodent - Response The pros and cons of cats Poisons Traps Fumigation Electric Rodent Control Sanitation, repair, and regular cleaning practices can prevent disease, loss of feed, and structural damage

41. Bird Control Carriers of West Nile virus and many types of bacteria. Nests built too close to lights can cause fires. It’s easier to prevent bird infestations than to deal with an over-population.

42. Bird - Prevention Bird-proof feed and garbage containers Keep manure and compost piles covered Birds are drawn to an easy food source. Uncovered feed bins, spilled hay and grain, and open garbage containers are invitations to birds.

43. Bird - Response Netting Noisemakers Visual Repellents Poison Natural Enemies

44. Insect Control Carriers for diseases such as West Nile Virus, Equine Infectious Anemia, and Potomac Horse Fever. Breed especially well in wet areas and during summer months.

45. Insect - Prevention Store feed in insect-proof containers Sanitize Cover manure and compost piles Clean up spills Keep it dry Clean feed buckets Landscape planning

46. Insect - Response Feed additives Screens Insect tape Sprays Natural sprays Landscaping solutions Ponds

47. Resources Biosecurity CD (asci.uvm.edu/equine) APHIS (http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/animal_dis_spec/horses/) AAEP (http://www.aaep.org/) State Veterinarian Your Vet

48. Give us your feedback! You will receive a survey by email in 1-2 days. Please take a few minutes to give us your feedback on this webcast. It will help us to better serve you!

49. Upcoming Webcasts Gastric UlcersMarch 22, 20117PM EDT

50. Thank you for attending this live web presentation! For more information about My Horse University please visit us at: www.myhorseuniversity.com info@myhorseuniversity.com | www.myhorseuniversity.com | 517-353-3123