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Exploring the Temporal Aspects of Software Architecture

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Henry Muccini
Henry Muccini

The keynote lecture video is now available at http://www.icsoft.org/KeynoteSpeakers.aspx?y=2016 This presentation covers the main topics discussed by the software architecture conferences in the past 15+ years. It provides a systematic, unbiased view on research trends with reflections on the future challenges. This speech has been provided as a keynote at ICSOFT 2016.

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Università degli Studi dell’Aquila ExploringExploringExploringExploring the Temporalthe Temporalthe Temporalthe Temporal AspectsAspectsAspectsAspects of Software Architectureof Software Architectureof Software Architectureof Software Architecture Henry MucciniHenry MucciniHenry MucciniHenry Muccini DISIM,DISIM,DISIM,DISIM, UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila, ItalyItalyItalyItaly henry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.it, @, @, @, @muccinihenrymuccinihenrymuccinihenrymuccinihenry, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com Keynote at ICSOFT 2016 Slides available at: http://www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Exploring the TemporalExploring the TemporalExploring the TemporalExploring the Temporal Aspects ofAspects ofAspects ofAspects of SoftwareSoftwareSoftwareSoftware ArchitectureArchitectureArchitectureArchitecture 3
4 LetLetLetLet usususus reasonreasonreasonreason aboutaboutaboutabout thethethethe Gaudi’sGaudi’sGaudi’sGaudi’s SagradaSagradaSagradaSagrada FamiliaFamiliaFamiliaFamilia
5 WEBSOFTWAREARCHITECTURE WHATSAPP WEB WHATSAPP
6 «Store and forward» mechanism for message exchange 1 2 3 34 4 5 no long term storage
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Exploring theExploring theExploring theExploring the TemporalTemporalTemporalTemporal AspectsAspectsAspectsAspects of Softwareof Softwareof Softwareof Software ArchitectureArchitectureArchitectureArchitecture 7
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 8 For WICSA 2016 the theme was “Architecting in time” – exploring the temporal aspects of software architecture. continuity, evolution and decay, the benefits, consequences and debt from delaying decisions, architecting practices and experiences in different software development processes, or the related collaborative design activities that fit into the life cycles of systems and applications.
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 9
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ The softwareThe softwareThe softwareThe software architecturearchitecturearchitecturearchitecture fieldfieldfieldfield evolutionevolutionevolutionevolution over timeover timeover timeover time TemporalTemporalTemporalTemporal aspectsaspectsaspectsaspects in softwarein softwarein softwarein software architecturearchitecturearchitecturearchitecture designdesigndesigndesign 10 1992 today 1 2 Architecting Requirements Architecture Code Operation This talk
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 11 ? How the Software Architecture field evolvedevolvedevolvedevolved over timeover timeover timeover time? 1 1992 today
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 12
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 13
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 14 The historyhistoryhistoryhistory artifactsartifactsartifactsartifacts andandandand worksworksworksworks (decorations, wigs, scents) talk about the culture of that time. They are not only historical relic, but they speak about that time Val Parks: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMJh1WTkxws
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 15 ? How the Software Architecture field evolved over time? topic topic topic topic 1992 today
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 16 The study (specifically) conducted for this speech
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ MixedMixedMixedMixed methodmethodmethodmethod used for this study: 1. Topics extraction: Personal knowledge + Seminal papers 2. Data mining From the WICSA, CBSE, ECSA, and QoSA conferences From 1999 to 2016 3. Reasoning on the results 17 1 2 3
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Mixed method used for this study: 1.1.1.1. TopicsTopicsTopicsTopics extractionextractionextractionextraction:::: PersonalPersonalPersonalPersonal knowledgeknowledgeknowledgeknowledge ++++ SeminalSeminalSeminalSeminal paperspaperspaperspapers 2. Data mining From the CBSE, WICSA, ECSA, and QoSA conferences From 1999 to 2016 3. Reasoning on the results 18 1 2 3
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 20202020 yearsyearsyearsyears ofofofof experienceexperienceexperienceexperience in thein thein thein the fieldfieldfieldfield _______________________ WICSA 2016 PC co-chair ICSA steering committee member PC of WICSA, CBSE, ECSA (ICSE, FSE, ASE) Member of the IFIP WG 2.10 on Software Architecture 19 Design Decisions Assessment SA Description SPL architectures Agile DevOps ADLs CPS 1 Style Views …
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 20 1992-1994 seminal FOSE 2000 & 2014 IEEE SW 1
21 Ecosystems TechDebt Uncertainty Risks Architects role SA Frameworks Reference architecture Design Decisions Assessment SA Description SPL architectures AgileDevOps ADLs CPS Quality ADL Style Views
Vote at: goo.gl/Gje2zE
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 23 topic topic topic topic 1992 today
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 24 Mixed method used for this study: 1. Topics extraction: Personal knowledge + Seminal papers 2. Data mining From the CBSE, WICSA, ECSA, and QoSA conferences From 1999 to 2016 3. Reasoning on the results 1 2 3
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 25 1999 2001 2002 2004 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 WICSA’99 San Antonio WICSA’01 Amsterdam WICSA’02 Montreal WICSA’04 Oslo WICSA’05 Pittsburgh WICSA’08 Vancouver WICSA& CompArch Boulder WICSA’07 Mumbai WICSA&ECSA’09 Cambridge WICSA&ECSA’12 Helsinki WICSA’14 Sydney WICSA& CompArch’15 Montreal CompArch’07 Medford CompArch’08 Karlsruhe CompArch’09 E. Stroudsburg CompArch’10 Prague CompArch’12 Bertinoro CompArch’13 British Columbia CompArch’14 Lille WICSA& CompArch’16 Venice CBSE 2003-2016 2 ECSA’07 ECSA’08 ECSA’10 ECSA’11 ECSA’13 ECSA’14 ECSA’15
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ What: 4 conferences, 42 editions, 1999-2016, 811811811811 articlesarticlesarticlesarticles analysed How: topicstopicstopicstopics searchsearchsearchsearch • Search of topics and synonyms in • TitleTitleTitleTitle • KeywordKeywordKeywordKeyword • AbstractAbstractAbstractAbstract 26 2
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 27
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ SUM 28 Max (1*0,8);(1*0,5) Max (0*0,8);(0*0,5) If Title contains the keyword, paper highly ranked with respect to the keyword If Keyword/abstract contains the keyword, … If synonym contains the keyword, …
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ This approximation formula has been tested on: • 50 papers • Two topics: • Ecosystems • Design Decisions 29
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ The results presented here are preliminary and partial, with respect to the… 30 25 Years of Software Architecture: impact on the Software discipline
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 31
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 32 Mixed method used for this study: 1. Topics extraction: Personal knowledge + Seminal papers 2. Data mining From the CBSE, WICSA, ECSA, and QoSA conferences From 1999 to 2016 3.3.3.3. Reasoning on the resultsReasoning on the resultsReasoning on the resultsReasoning on the results 1 2 3
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 33 3
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Topics Granularity (look at the trend!) «Only» four (domain-specific) conferences 2016 is incomplete! (ECSA 2016 missing) 34
OVERALL VIEW ON RESULTS 35
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 36 17 18 11 17 44 49 34 52 71 52 42 88 49 56 76 60 74 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Publications (WICSA/CBSE/QoSA/ECSA) 1999-2016*
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 37 Risks Design Decisions Assessment Product Line Architecture Analysis Quality Architecture Description Languages Style Views
Vote at: goo.gl/Gje2zE
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Top five: 1. Analysis (194) ─ Performance (96) ─ Security (27) ─ Consistency (24) 2. Design Decisions (127) 3. Quality (104) 4. Style (68) 5. Views (67) (TOT=811(TOT=811(TOT=811(TOT=811 paperspaperspaperspapers))))
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 40 17 18 11 17 44 49 34 52 71 52 42 88 49 56 76 60 74 4 2 2 2 8 14 10 10 19 9 8 25 15 13 19 16 19 1 2 1 0 3 7 5 6 12 8 8 16 9 12 15 13 9 1 0 1 1 4 7 5 8 10 4 6 16 8 7 9 11 8 3 2 3 2 6 3 1 4 7 4 3 8 4 3 6 5 5 1 1 1 1 4 3 1 4 7 6 1 10 4 4 4 9 6 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 YEAR 1999YEAR 2001YEAR 2002YEAR 2003YEAR 2004YEAR 2005YEAR 2006YEAR 2007YEAR 2008YEAR 2009YEAR 2010YEAR 2011YEAR 2012YEAR 2013YEAR 2014YEAR 2015YEAR 2016 # of papers on a topic TOTAL Analysis Design Decisions Quality Style View
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 41 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 % of Top5 topics (over the total papers)
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 42 Security 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Security vs Performance vs Analysis Security Performance Analysis (general) Serie1 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 3% 0% 9% 3% 9% 14%16%15%14% 8% 13%18%17% 12% 12% 18% 11% Quality: % of papers Serie1 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 7% 9%13% 2% 8% 13%14% 11% 17%15% 19% 18% 17% 22% 19% 22% 12% Design Decisions: % of papers
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 43 Security 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Security vs Performance vs Analysis Security Performance Analysis (general) Serie1 0% 10% 20% 30% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 18% 13% 25% 12%14% 5% 1% 7% 10% 8% 8% 9% 8% 5% 8% 8% 6% Style: % of papers Serie1 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 6% 7% 12% 6% 10% 6% 1% 7% 10%11% 2% 11% 8% 7% 5% 16% 7% View: % of papers
TRENDS 44
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 45 18% 13% 25% 12%14% 5% 1% 7% 10% 8% 8% 9% 8% 5% 8% 8% 6% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Style: % of papers 3% 9% 5% 0% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 9% 2% 7% 5% 2% 2% 2% 3% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% Product Line: % of papers 24% 9% 18% 14% 18% 28%28% 19% 27% 17%19% 28%30% 23% 25% 27%26% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Analysis: % of papers 7% 9% 13% 2% 8% 13%14% 11% 17%15% 19%18%17% 22% 19% 22% 12% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Design Decisions: % of papers 3% 0% 9% 3% 9% 14%16%15% 14% 8% 13% 18% 17% 12%12% 18% 11% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Quality: % of papers
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 46 6% 7% 12% 6% 10% 6% 1% 7% 10%11% 2% 11% 8% 7% 5% 16% 7% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 View: % of papers 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% 4% 0% 0% 3% 0% 1% -1% 0% 1% 1% 2% 2% 3% 3% 4% 4% 5% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 ReferenceArchitecture: % of papers Reference Architecture {much less than expected} 0% 2% 0% 0% 3% 2% 4% 5% 2% 3% 0% 5% 3% 4% 2% 4% 6% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% Cost Estimation: % of papers Cost estimation {pick 6% in 2016}
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ • AgileAgileAgileAgile [0% -> 3%] {emerging since 2009} • DevOpsDevOpsDevOpsDevOps [0,5% -2%] {emerging since 2011} • TechTechTechTech DebtDebtDebtDebt [0% - 2%] {emerging since 2012} • CPSCPSCPSCPS [0% - 2%] {emerging since 2012} (pick 4% in 2016) • EcosystemsEcosystemsEcosystemsEcosystems [0% -2%] {emerging since 2012} (pick 5% in 2016) • RiskRiskRiskRisk [0% -> 3%] (non null since 2005) 47
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 48 8% 9% 8% 5% 8% 8% 6% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Style: % of papers 2010-2016 2% 11% 8% 7% 5% 16% 7% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 View: % of papers 2010-2016 19% 28% 30% 23% 25% 27% 26% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Analysis: % of papers 2010-2016 19% 18% 17% 22% 19% 22% 12% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Design Decisions: % of papers 2010-2016 13% 18% 17% 12% 12% 18% 11% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Quality: % of papers 2010-2016
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 49 1% 4% 0% 1% 2% 4% 3% 0% 1% 1% 2% 2% 3% 3% 4% 4% 5% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Agility: % of papers 2010-2016 0% 0% 2% 2% 1% 4% 2% 0% 1% 1% 2% 2% 3% 3% 4% 4% 5% 5% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Technical Debt: % of papers 2010-2016 0% 0% 2% 0% 1% 2% 4% -1% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 CPS: % of papers 2010-2016 0% 0% 2% 1% 1% 2% 5% -1% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 EcoSys: % of papers 2010-2016
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 50 Style Quality Design decisions Architecture description 1992 today Views Analysis CPS Ecosystem Agility Ecosystems
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 52 ? How the Software Architecture field evolvedevolvedevolvedevolved over timeover timeover timeover time? REFLECTIONSREFLECTIONSREFLECTIONSREFLECTIONS lookinglookinglookinglooking atatatat thethethethe nearnearnearnear future from thefuture from thefuture from thefuture from the pastpastpastpast 1 1992 today
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ application domains: CPS, IoT, Smart mobile systems type of (concern): Self-Adaptive, autonomous, dynamic, uncertain process: DevOps & Agile style: micro services analysis: security, resilience description: collaborative, MDE, decisions 53
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ MultiMultiMultiMulti----ViewViewViewView boom: trends andboom: trends andboom: trends andboom: trends and issuesissuesissuesissues Practitioners’ need for SAPractitioners’ need for SAPractitioners’ need for SAPractitioners’ need for SA----based Analysisbased Analysisbased Analysisbased Analysis It is time to «collaborate»!It is time to «collaborate»!It is time to «collaborate»!It is time to «collaborate»! CPS, IoT, Smart Systems: again from SoftwareCPS, IoT, Smart Systems: again from SoftwareCPS, IoT, Smart Systems: again from SoftwareCPS, IoT, Smart Systems: again from Software to Systemto Systemto Systemto System From dependable to resilient systems in the eraFrom dependable to resilient systems in the eraFrom dependable to resilient systems in the eraFrom dependable to resilient systems in the era of selfof selfof selfof self----Adaptive and Autonomous architecturesAdaptive and Autonomous architecturesAdaptive and Autonomous architecturesAdaptive and Autonomous architectures 54
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ An industrialAn industrialAn industrialAn industrial practicepracticepracticepractice,,,, beingbeingbeingbeing consolidatedconsolidatedconsolidatedconsolidated over 15over 15over 15over 15 yearsyearsyearsyears!!!! ButButButBut stillstillstillstill………… 55 MultiMultiMultiMulti----ViewViewViewView Boom!Boom!Boom!Boom! 0% 10% 20% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 6% 7% 12% 6% 10% 6% 1% 7% 10% 11% 2% 11% 8% 7% 5% 16% 7% View: % of papers
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 56 IEEE Std 1471 (2000) -> ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 Using multiple views has become standard practice in industry!! [TSE2013] 85% uses multiple views 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Type of viewsType of viewsType of viewsType of views Multi-view consistency: missing feature
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ AnalysisAnalysisAnalysisAnalysis isisisis a biga biga biga big needneedneedneed… and… and… and… and practicedpracticedpracticedpracticed………… butbutbutbut practitionerspractitionerspractitionerspractitioners areareareare quitequitequitequite unhappyunhappyunhappyunhappy!!!! 57 PractitionersPractitionersPractitionersPractitioners’’’’ needneedneedneed forforforfor SASASASA----basedbasedbasedbased AnalysisAnalysisAnalysisAnalysis 0% 20% 40% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 24% 9% 18% 14% 18% 28% 28% 19% 27% 17% 19% 28% 30% 23% 25% 27% 26% Analysis: % of papers
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 58 -1 +1 -1 +1 0 5 10 15 20 25 Architectural Languages: Type of needs 63% 37% 10% Need for analysis yes no blank 48% 4%8% 24% 12% Kind of analyzed properties Extra-functional properties Functional properties HW/SW integration Behavior No info 35% 20% 45% Level of satisfaction Satisfied Neutral Not satisfied Dissatisfaction with ALs
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ ArchitectingArchitectingArchitectingArchitecting = Group= Group= Group= Group DecisionDecisionDecisionDecision MakingMakingMakingMaking and Collaborativeand Collaborativeand Collaborativeand Collaborative ArchitecturalArchitecturalArchitecturalArchitectural DesignDesignDesignDesign 59 ItItItIt isisisis time to «time to «time to «time to «ccccollaborate»!ollaborate»!ollaborate»!ollaborate»! Serie1 0% 10% 20% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 15%18%17% 4% 7% 6% 4% 5% 3% 5% 7% 5% 11% 6% 8% 5% 5% Architecture Description: % of papers
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 60 Data View oth er mo dels Hardwar e View Software Architect ure Descripti on Busin ess View Structure View oth er mo dels oth er vie ws 5555----10101010 peoplepeoplepeoplepeople involvedinvolvedinvolvedinvolved inininin decisiondecisiondecisiondecision makingmakingmakingmaking 21 different macro- roles represented [WICSA2014] NeedNeedNeedNeed:::: Collaborative (group) decision making Collaborative Design
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ New views, new challenges 61 CPS,CPS,CPS,CPS, IoTIoTIoTIoT, Smart Systems:, Smart Systems:, Smart Systems:, Smart Systems: FromFromFromFrom Software toSoftware toSoftware toSoftware to System ArchitectureSystem ArchitectureSystem ArchitectureSystem Architecture Serie1 0% 2% 4% 6% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% 1% 2% 4% CPS: % of papers
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 62 4 9 13 14 20 23 24 26 44 51 52 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 TESTABILITY SECURITY MAINTAINABI… FLEXIBILITY RELIABILITY DEPENDABILITY COMPATIBILITY MODIFIABILITY PORTABILITY SURVIVABILITY PERFORMANCE [SANCS2015] NeedNeedNeedNeed:::: Sensors and Actuators New Modelling Languages Control theory Physical components
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 63 From dependable to resilient systems inFrom dependable to resilient systems inFrom dependable to resilient systems inFrom dependable to resilient systems in the era of selfthe era of selfthe era of selfthe era of self----Adaptive and AutonomousAdaptive and AutonomousAdaptive and AutonomousAdaptive and Autonomous architecturesarchitecturesarchitecturesarchitectures Serie1 0% 10% 20% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 9% 7% 16% 9% 11% 4% 6% 11% 6% 8% 18% 5% 15% 10% 12% 13% 10% Adaptive: % of papers SelfSelfSelfSelf----AdaptiveAdaptiveAdaptiveAdaptive applicationsapplicationsapplicationsapplications shallshallshallshall selfselfselfself---- fixfixfixfix themselvesthemselvesthemselvesthemselves????
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 64 1992 1999 today CPS Style Quality Views Analysis
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 65 www.henrymuccini.com http://mobilesoftconf.org/2017/ www.softwarearchitecture.org
Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ [WICSA2014] V. Smrithi Rekha, Henry Muccini: A Study on Group DecisionA Study on Group DecisionA Study on Group DecisionA Study on Group Decision----Making in SoftwareMaking in SoftwareMaking in SoftwareMaking in Software Architecture.Architecture.Architecture.Architecture. WICSA 2014: 185-194 [TSE2013] Ivano Malavolta, Patricia Lago, Henry Muccini, Patrizio Pelliccione, Antony Tang: What Industry Needs from Architectural Languages: A Survey. IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 39(6): 869-891 (2013) [SANC2015] Ivano Malavolta, Henry Muccini, Mohammad Sharaf: A Preliminary Study on Architecting Cyber-Physical Systems. ECSA Workshops 2015: 20:1- 20:6 66
Università degli Studi dell’Aquila ExploringExploringExploringExploring the Temporalthe Temporalthe Temporalthe Temporal AspectsAspectsAspectsAspects of Software Architectureof Software Architectureof Software Architectureof Software Architecture Henry MucciniHenry MucciniHenry MucciniHenry Muccini DISIM,DISIM,DISIM,DISIM, UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila, ItalyItalyItalyItaly henry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.it, @, @, @, @muccinihenrymuccinihenrymuccinihenrymuccinihenry, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com Keynote at ICSOFT 2016 Slides available at: http://www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/

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Exploring the Temporal Aspects of Software Architecture

  • 1. Università degli Studi dell’Aquila ExploringExploringExploringExploring the Temporalthe Temporalthe Temporalthe Temporal AspectsAspectsAspectsAspects of Software Architectureof Software Architectureof Software Architectureof Software Architecture Henry MucciniHenry MucciniHenry MucciniHenry Muccini DISIM,DISIM,DISIM,DISIM, UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila, ItalyItalyItalyItaly henry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.it, @, @, @, @muccinihenrymuccinihenrymuccinihenrymuccinihenry, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com Keynote at ICSOFT 2016 Slides available at: http://www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/
  • 2. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Exploring the TemporalExploring the TemporalExploring the TemporalExploring the Temporal Aspects ofAspects ofAspects ofAspects of SoftwareSoftwareSoftwareSoftware ArchitectureArchitectureArchitectureArchitecture 3
  • 3. 4 LetLetLetLet usususus reasonreasonreasonreason aboutaboutaboutabout thethethethe Gaudi’sGaudi’sGaudi’sGaudi’s SagradaSagradaSagradaSagrada FamiliaFamiliaFamiliaFamilia
  • 5. 6 «Store and forward» mechanism for message exchange 1 2 3 34 4 5 no long term storage
  • 6. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Exploring theExploring theExploring theExploring the TemporalTemporalTemporalTemporal AspectsAspectsAspectsAspects of Softwareof Softwareof Softwareof Software ArchitectureArchitectureArchitectureArchitecture 7
  • 7. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 8 For WICSA 2016 the theme was “Architecting in time” – exploring the temporal aspects of software architecture. continuity, evolution and decay, the benefits, consequences and debt from delaying decisions, architecting practices and experiences in different software development processes, or the related collaborative design activities that fit into the life cycles of systems and applications.
  • 8. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 9
  • 9. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ The softwareThe softwareThe softwareThe software architecturearchitecturearchitecturearchitecture fieldfieldfieldfield evolutionevolutionevolutionevolution over timeover timeover timeover time TemporalTemporalTemporalTemporal aspectsaspectsaspectsaspects in softwarein softwarein softwarein software architecturearchitecturearchitecturearchitecture designdesigndesigndesign 10 1992 today 1 2 Architecting Requirements Architecture Code Operation This talk
  • 10. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 11 ? How the Software Architecture field evolvedevolvedevolvedevolved over timeover timeover timeover time? 1 1992 today
  • 11. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 12
  • 12. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 13
  • 13. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 14 The historyhistoryhistoryhistory artifactsartifactsartifactsartifacts andandandand worksworksworksworks (decorations, wigs, scents) talk about the culture of that time. They are not only historical relic, but they speak about that time Val Parks: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LMJh1WTkxws
  • 14. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 15 ? How the Software Architecture field evolved over time? topic topic topic topic 1992 today
  • 15. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 16 The study (specifically) conducted for this speech
  • 16. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ MixedMixedMixedMixed methodmethodmethodmethod used for this study: 1. Topics extraction: Personal knowledge + Seminal papers 2. Data mining From the WICSA, CBSE, ECSA, and QoSA conferences From 1999 to 2016 3. Reasoning on the results 17 1 2 3
  • 17. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Mixed method used for this study: 1.1.1.1. TopicsTopicsTopicsTopics extractionextractionextractionextraction:::: PersonalPersonalPersonalPersonal knowledgeknowledgeknowledgeknowledge ++++ SeminalSeminalSeminalSeminal paperspaperspaperspapers 2. Data mining From the CBSE, WICSA, ECSA, and QoSA conferences From 1999 to 2016 3. Reasoning on the results 18 1 2 3
  • 18. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 20202020 yearsyearsyearsyears ofofofof experienceexperienceexperienceexperience in thein thein thein the fieldfieldfieldfield _______________________ WICSA 2016 PC co-chair ICSA steering committee member PC of WICSA, CBSE, ECSA (ICSE, FSE, ASE) Member of the IFIP WG 2.10 on Software Architecture 19 Design Decisions Assessment SA Description SPL architectures Agile DevOps ADLs CPS 1 Style Views …
  • 19. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 20 1992-1994 seminal FOSE 2000 & 2014 IEEE SW 1
  • 22. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 23 topic topic topic topic 1992 today
  • 23. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 24 Mixed method used for this study: 1. Topics extraction: Personal knowledge + Seminal papers 2. Data mining From the CBSE, WICSA, ECSA, and QoSA conferences From 1999 to 2016 3. Reasoning on the results 1 2 3
  • 24. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 25 1999 2001 2002 2004 2005 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 WICSA’99 San Antonio WICSA’01 Amsterdam WICSA’02 Montreal WICSA’04 Oslo WICSA’05 Pittsburgh WICSA’08 Vancouver WICSA& CompArch Boulder WICSA’07 Mumbai WICSA&ECSA’09 Cambridge WICSA&ECSA’12 Helsinki WICSA’14 Sydney WICSA& CompArch’15 Montreal CompArch’07 Medford CompArch’08 Karlsruhe CompArch’09 E. Stroudsburg CompArch’10 Prague CompArch’12 Bertinoro CompArch’13 British Columbia CompArch’14 Lille WICSA& CompArch’16 Venice CBSE 2003-2016 2 ECSA’07 ECSA’08 ECSA’10 ECSA’11 ECSA’13 ECSA’14 ECSA’15
  • 25. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ What: 4 conferences, 42 editions, 1999-2016, 811811811811 articlesarticlesarticlesarticles analysed How: topicstopicstopicstopics searchsearchsearchsearch • Search of topics and synonyms in • TitleTitleTitleTitle • KeywordKeywordKeywordKeyword • AbstractAbstractAbstractAbstract 26 2
  • 26. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 27
  • 27. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ SUM 28 Max (1*0,8);(1*0,5) Max (0*0,8);(0*0,5) If Title contains the keyword, paper highly ranked with respect to the keyword If Keyword/abstract contains the keyword, … If synonym contains the keyword, …
  • 28. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ This approximation formula has been tested on: • 50 papers • Two topics: • Ecosystems • Design Decisions 29
  • 29. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ The results presented here are preliminary and partial, with respect to the… 30 25 Years of Software Architecture: impact on the Software discipline
  • 30. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 31
  • 31. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 32 Mixed method used for this study: 1. Topics extraction: Personal knowledge + Seminal papers 2. Data mining From the CBSE, WICSA, ECSA, and QoSA conferences From 1999 to 2016 3.3.3.3. Reasoning on the resultsReasoning on the resultsReasoning on the resultsReasoning on the results 1 2 3
  • 32. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 33 3
  • 33. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Topics Granularity (look at the trend!) «Only» four (domain-specific) conferences 2016 is incomplete! (ECSA 2016 missing) 34
  • 34. OVERALL VIEW ON RESULTS 35
  • 35. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 36 17 18 11 17 44 49 34 52 71 52 42 88 49 56 76 60 74 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Publications (WICSA/CBSE/QoSA/ECSA) 1999-2016*
  • 36. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 37 Risks Design Decisions Assessment Product Line Architecture Analysis Quality Architecture Description Languages Style Views
  • 38. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ Top five: 1. Analysis (194) ─ Performance (96) ─ Security (27) ─ Consistency (24) 2. Design Decisions (127) 3. Quality (104) 4. Style (68) 5. Views (67) (TOT=811(TOT=811(TOT=811(TOT=811 paperspaperspaperspapers))))
  • 39. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 40 17 18 11 17 44 49 34 52 71 52 42 88 49 56 76 60 74 4 2 2 2 8 14 10 10 19 9 8 25 15 13 19 16 19 1 2 1 0 3 7 5 6 12 8 8 16 9 12 15 13 9 1 0 1 1 4 7 5 8 10 4 6 16 8 7 9 11 8 3 2 3 2 6 3 1 4 7 4 3 8 4 3 6 5 5 1 1 1 1 4 3 1 4 7 6 1 10 4 4 4 9 6 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 YEAR 1999YEAR 2001YEAR 2002YEAR 2003YEAR 2004YEAR 2005YEAR 2006YEAR 2007YEAR 2008YEAR 2009YEAR 2010YEAR 2011YEAR 2012YEAR 2013YEAR 2014YEAR 2015YEAR 2016 # of papers on a topic TOTAL Analysis Design Decisions Quality Style View
  • 40. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 41 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 % of Top5 topics (over the total papers)
  • 41. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 42 Security 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Security vs Performance vs Analysis Security Performance Analysis (general) Serie1 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 3% 0% 9% 3% 9% 14%16%15%14% 8% 13%18%17% 12% 12% 18% 11% Quality: % of papers Serie1 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 7% 9%13% 2% 8% 13%14% 11% 17%15% 19% 18% 17% 22% 19% 22% 12% Design Decisions: % of papers
  • 42. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 43 Security 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Security vs Performance vs Analysis Security Performance Analysis (general) Serie1 0% 10% 20% 30% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 18% 13% 25% 12%14% 5% 1% 7% 10% 8% 8% 9% 8% 5% 8% 8% 6% Style: % of papers Serie1 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 6% 7% 12% 6% 10% 6% 1% 7% 10%11% 2% 11% 8% 7% 5% 16% 7% View: % of papers
  • 44. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 45 18% 13% 25% 12%14% 5% 1% 7% 10% 8% 8% 9% 8% 5% 8% 8% 6% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Style: % of papers 3% 9% 5% 0% 3% 2% 2% 1% 1% 9% 2% 7% 5% 2% 2% 2% 3% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% Product Line: % of papers 24% 9% 18% 14% 18% 28%28% 19% 27% 17%19% 28%30% 23% 25% 27%26% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Analysis: % of papers 7% 9% 13% 2% 8% 13%14% 11% 17%15% 19%18%17% 22% 19% 22% 12% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Design Decisions: % of papers 3% 0% 9% 3% 9% 14%16%15% 14% 8% 13% 18% 17% 12%12% 18% 11% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 Quality: % of papers
  • 45. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 46 6% 7% 12% 6% 10% 6% 1% 7% 10%11% 2% 11% 8% 7% 5% 16% 7% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 View: % of papers 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% 4% 0% 0% 3% 0% 1% -1% 0% 1% 1% 2% 2% 3% 3% 4% 4% 5% YEAR1999 YEAR2001 YEAR2002 YEAR2003 YEAR2004 YEAR2005 YEAR2006 YEAR2007 YEAR2008 YEAR2009 YEAR2010 YEAR2011 YEAR2012 YEAR2013 YEAR2014 YEAR2015 YEAR2016 ReferenceArchitecture: % of papers Reference Architecture {much less than expected} 0% 2% 0% 0% 3% 2% 4% 5% 2% 3% 0% 5% 3% 4% 2% 4% 6% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% Cost Estimation: % of papers Cost estimation {pick 6% in 2016}
  • 46. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ • AgileAgileAgileAgile [0% -> 3%] {emerging since 2009} • DevOpsDevOpsDevOpsDevOps [0,5% -2%] {emerging since 2011} • TechTechTechTech DebtDebtDebtDebt [0% - 2%] {emerging since 2012} • CPSCPSCPSCPS [0% - 2%] {emerging since 2012} (pick 4% in 2016) • EcosystemsEcosystemsEcosystemsEcosystems [0% -2%] {emerging since 2012} (pick 5% in 2016) • RiskRiskRiskRisk [0% -> 3%] (non null since 2005) 47
  • 47. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 48 8% 9% 8% 5% 8% 8% 6% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Style: % of papers 2010-2016 2% 11% 8% 7% 5% 16% 7% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 View: % of papers 2010-2016 19% 28% 30% 23% 25% 27% 26% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Analysis: % of papers 2010-2016 19% 18% 17% 22% 19% 22% 12% 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Design Decisions: % of papers 2010-2016 13% 18% 17% 12% 12% 18% 11% 0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16% 18% 20% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Quality: % of papers 2010-2016
  • 48. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 49 1% 4% 0% 1% 2% 4% 3% 0% 1% 1% 2% 2% 3% 3% 4% 4% 5% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Agility: % of papers 2010-2016 0% 0% 2% 2% 1% 4% 2% 0% 1% 1% 2% 2% 3% 3% 4% 4% 5% 5% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 Technical Debt: % of papers 2010-2016 0% 0% 2% 0% 1% 2% 4% -1% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 CPS: % of papers 2010-2016 0% 0% 2% 1% 1% 2% 5% -1% 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 EcoSys: % of papers 2010-2016
  • 49. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 50 Style Quality Design decisions Architecture description 1992 today Views Analysis CPS Ecosystem Agility Ecosystems
  • 50. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 52 ? How the Software Architecture field evolvedevolvedevolvedevolved over timeover timeover timeover time? REFLECTIONSREFLECTIONSREFLECTIONSREFLECTIONS lookinglookinglookinglooking atatatat thethethethe nearnearnearnear future from thefuture from thefuture from thefuture from the pastpastpastpast 1 1992 today
  • 51. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ application domains: CPS, IoT, Smart mobile systems type of (concern): Self-Adaptive, autonomous, dynamic, uncertain process: DevOps & Agile style: micro services analysis: security, resilience description: collaborative, MDE, decisions 53
  • 52. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ MultiMultiMultiMulti----ViewViewViewView boom: trends andboom: trends andboom: trends andboom: trends and issuesissuesissuesissues Practitioners’ need for SAPractitioners’ need for SAPractitioners’ need for SAPractitioners’ need for SA----based Analysisbased Analysisbased Analysisbased Analysis It is time to «collaborate»!It is time to «collaborate»!It is time to «collaborate»!It is time to «collaborate»! CPS, IoT, Smart Systems: again from SoftwareCPS, IoT, Smart Systems: again from SoftwareCPS, IoT, Smart Systems: again from SoftwareCPS, IoT, Smart Systems: again from Software to Systemto Systemto Systemto System From dependable to resilient systems in the eraFrom dependable to resilient systems in the eraFrom dependable to resilient systems in the eraFrom dependable to resilient systems in the era of selfof selfof selfof self----Adaptive and Autonomous architecturesAdaptive and Autonomous architecturesAdaptive and Autonomous architecturesAdaptive and Autonomous architectures 54
  • 53. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ An industrialAn industrialAn industrialAn industrial practicepracticepracticepractice,,,, beingbeingbeingbeing consolidatedconsolidatedconsolidatedconsolidated over 15over 15over 15over 15 yearsyearsyearsyears!!!! ButButButBut stillstillstillstill………… 55 MultiMultiMultiMulti----ViewViewViewView Boom!Boom!Boom!Boom! 0% 10% 20% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 6% 7% 12% 6% 10% 6% 1% 7% 10% 11% 2% 11% 8% 7% 5% 16% 7% View: % of papers
  • 54. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 56 IEEE Std 1471 (2000) -> ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 Using multiple views has become standard practice in industry!! [TSE2013] 85% uses multiple views 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Type of viewsType of viewsType of viewsType of views Multi-view consistency: missing feature
  • 55. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ AnalysisAnalysisAnalysisAnalysis isisisis a biga biga biga big needneedneedneed… and… and… and… and practicedpracticedpracticedpracticed………… butbutbutbut practitionerspractitionerspractitionerspractitioners areareareare quitequitequitequite unhappyunhappyunhappyunhappy!!!! 57 PractitionersPractitionersPractitionersPractitioners’’’’ needneedneedneed forforforfor SASASASA----basedbasedbasedbased AnalysisAnalysisAnalysisAnalysis 0% 20% 40% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 24% 9% 18% 14% 18% 28% 28% 19% 27% 17% 19% 28% 30% 23% 25% 27% 26% Analysis: % of papers
  • 56. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 58 -1 +1 -1 +1 0 5 10 15 20 25 Architectural Languages: Type of needs 63% 37% 10% Need for analysis yes no blank 48% 4%8% 24% 12% Kind of analyzed properties Extra-functional properties Functional properties HW/SW integration Behavior No info 35% 20% 45% Level of satisfaction Satisfied Neutral Not satisfied Dissatisfaction with ALs
  • 57. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ ArchitectingArchitectingArchitectingArchitecting = Group= Group= Group= Group DecisionDecisionDecisionDecision MakingMakingMakingMaking and Collaborativeand Collaborativeand Collaborativeand Collaborative ArchitecturalArchitecturalArchitecturalArchitectural DesignDesignDesignDesign 59 ItItItIt isisisis time to «time to «time to «time to «ccccollaborate»!ollaborate»!ollaborate»!ollaborate»! Serie1 0% 10% 20% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 15%18%17% 4% 7% 6% 4% 5% 3% 5% 7% 5% 11% 6% 8% 5% 5% Architecture Description: % of papers
  • 58. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 60 Data View oth er mo dels Hardwar e View Software Architect ure Descripti on Busin ess View Structure View oth er mo dels oth er vie ws 5555----10101010 peoplepeoplepeoplepeople involvedinvolvedinvolvedinvolved inininin decisiondecisiondecisiondecision makingmakingmakingmaking 21 different macro- roles represented [WICSA2014] NeedNeedNeedNeed:::: Collaborative (group) decision making Collaborative Design
  • 59. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ New views, new challenges 61 CPS,CPS,CPS,CPS, IoTIoTIoTIoT, Smart Systems:, Smart Systems:, Smart Systems:, Smart Systems: FromFromFromFrom Software toSoftware toSoftware toSoftware to System ArchitectureSystem ArchitectureSystem ArchitectureSystem Architecture Serie1 0% 2% 4% 6% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1% 0% 1% 0% 0% 0% 2% 0% 1% 2% 4% CPS: % of papers
  • 60. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 62 4 9 13 14 20 23 24 26 44 51 52 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 TESTABILITY SECURITY MAINTAINABI… FLEXIBILITY RELIABILITY DEPENDABILITY COMPATIBILITY MODIFIABILITY PORTABILITY SURVIVABILITY PERFORMANCE [SANCS2015] NeedNeedNeedNeed:::: Sensors and Actuators New Modelling Languages Control theory Physical components
  • 61. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 63 From dependable to resilient systems inFrom dependable to resilient systems inFrom dependable to resilient systems inFrom dependable to resilient systems in the era of selfthe era of selfthe era of selfthe era of self----Adaptive and AutonomousAdaptive and AutonomousAdaptive and AutonomousAdaptive and Autonomous architecturesarchitecturesarchitecturesarchitectures Serie1 0% 10% 20% YEAR 1999 YEAR 2001 YEAR 2002 YEAR 2003 YEAR 2004 YEAR 2005 YEAR 2006 YEAR 2007 YEAR 2008 YEAR 2009 YEAR 2010 YEAR 2011 YEAR 2012 YEAR 2013 YEAR 2014 YEAR 2015 YEAR 2016 9% 7% 16% 9% 11% 4% 6% 11% 6% 8% 18% 5% 15% 10% 12% 13% 10% Adaptive: % of papers SelfSelfSelfSelf----AdaptiveAdaptiveAdaptiveAdaptive applicationsapplicationsapplicationsapplications shallshallshallshall selfselfselfself---- fixfixfixfix themselvesthemselvesthemselvesthemselves????
  • 62. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 64 1992 1999 today CPS Style Quality Views Analysis
  • 63. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ 65 www.henrymuccini.com http://mobilesoftconf.org/2017/ www.softwarearchitecture.org
  • 64. Henry Muccini @ www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/ [WICSA2014] V. Smrithi Rekha, Henry Muccini: A Study on Group DecisionA Study on Group DecisionA Study on Group DecisionA Study on Group Decision----Making in SoftwareMaking in SoftwareMaking in SoftwareMaking in Software Architecture.Architecture.Architecture.Architecture. WICSA 2014: 185-194 [TSE2013] Ivano Malavolta, Patricia Lago, Henry Muccini, Patrizio Pelliccione, Antony Tang: What Industry Needs from Architectural Languages: A Survey. IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 39(6): 869-891 (2013) [SANC2015] Ivano Malavolta, Henry Muccini, Mohammad Sharaf: A Preliminary Study on Architecting Cyber-Physical Systems. ECSA Workshops 2015: 20:1- 20:6 66
  • 65. Università degli Studi dell’Aquila ExploringExploringExploringExploring the Temporalthe Temporalthe Temporalthe Temporal AspectsAspectsAspectsAspects of Software Architectureof Software Architectureof Software Architectureof Software Architecture Henry MucciniHenry MucciniHenry MucciniHenry Muccini DISIM,DISIM,DISIM,DISIM, UniversityUniversityUniversityUniversity of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila,of L’Aquila, ItalyItalyItalyItaly henry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.ithenry.muccini@univaq.it, @, @, @, @muccinihenrymuccinihenrymuccinihenrymuccinihenry, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com, www.henrymuccini.com Keynote at ICSOFT 2016 Slides available at: http://www.slideshare.net/henry.muccini/