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EUROPEAN WATER FRAMEWORK
DIRECTIVE (EFDW)
JOUKE HERINGASEPTEMBER 24 2013
European Water Framework Directive
• Goals
• Time schedule
• Terms
• Quality assessment
• Time schedule
• River Basin Management Plan (RBMP)
Europe
“Water is not a commercial product like any other
but, rather, a heritage which must be protected,
defended and treated as such.”
Presentation ewfd 25 september jouke new
Water Framework Directive
Protection and improvement of quality of
surface and ground water for water
related ecocsystems and sustainable use
Water Framework Directive
Principle:
River Basin Management
Every water body must be in a :
• Good Ecological State (GES)
• Good Chemical State (GCS)
Presentation ewfd 25 september jouke new
Presentation ewfd 25 september jouke new
River basins in Spain
10
Water Framework Directive :
Riverbasins in the Netherlands
National Catchment
Water bodyRiver Basin
District
River Basin Mangement : 4 key scales
Water Framework Directive
Terms: Watertypes
Main types surface waters:
• rivers
• lakes
• transitional waters
• coastal waters
Water Framework Directive Terms:
Category
• Natural
• Heavily Modified (HM)
• Artificial (A)
Consequences for targets:
• Natural: Good Ecological State (GES) and
Good Chemical State (GCS)
• HM and A: Good Ecological Potential
(GEP) and GCS
Good Ecological State
• Good population of fish
• Good population of algae
• Good population of waterplants
• Good population of macrobenthos
• All other chemical substances meet the
standards
Good Chemical State
• 33 priority substances from WFD meet
the standards (PCB, Dioxine, et)
Surface waters - ecological status
Reference
condition
(article 5: analysis of river basin characteristics)
Characterisation
of water body type
Classification
(high, good, moderate, poor , bad)
Biological parameters (aq. flora, invert., fish)
Hydromorphological and physico-chemical parameters
(supporting)
Reference
• Oder river
Water Framework Directive
Quality assessment
1 Chemistry:
• EU prioritairy substances
2 Ecology:
• 4 Biological elements
• Ecology supporting chemistry
• Rest micropollutants
3 Hydromorology
Presentation ewfd 25 september jouke new
Water Framework Directive Quality
assessment
Classification:
• Chemistry: 2 classes (Good/Bad)
• Ecology Natural Waters: 5 classes
• Ecology Heavily Modified and Artificial:
4 classes (maximum is Maximum
Ecological Potential: MEP)
Bad status Good status
Bad
status
Poor
status
Moderate
status
(differs moderately
from type specific
conditions)
Good
status
(slight changes
from type spec.
conditions)
High
status
(close to
undisturbed
conditions)
Chemical status
Ecological status
target
status
max. ecol.
potential
reference
biotic
elements
abiotic
elements
Water-quality status = Chemical status + Ecological status / potential
Ecological assessment (EU Water Framework Directive)
classification & presentation
yardstick
Ecological Status for Surface Waters
Pass WFD
Fail WFD
Water Framework Directive Quality
assessment
One out, all out principe:
All quality elements, including all
substances, must have the score GOOD
(GES of GEP) at minimum
Implementation
2009 2015 2021 20272005 2006
Identify
Risks
Monitor
“Water
Status”
1st
River
Basin
Plan
2nd
River
Basin
Plan
3rd
River
Basin
Plan
The WFD specifies three planning cycles of six years each up
to the year 2027
Water Framework Directive
Time Schedule
As European legislation superimposed on national law
• 2000 Into force
• 2005 Characterising riverbasin (present state)
• 2006 Monitoring program ready
• 2009 River basin management plan with measures
• 2015 Targets achieved = All waters have to be in
good quality (chemical and ecological)
• 2015 Adaption RBMP
• 2021 Targets achieved
T=0 (Present Status) in 2005
• Per waterbody all chemical and ecological data is
collected.
• Test if parameters meet the standards
• All sources of pollution have been identified for
the substances who do not meet the standards.
• Risks: what waterbodies are not in good quality in
2015?
• What are we going to do improve the bad quality?
Strictly Enforced
 The strategy that will implement the
Directive has milestones and dates for
achieving them.
 If we ‘fail’ the EU Commission will
immediately initiate legal action against the
Member State. Actions have already
commenced against some states.
Presentation ewfd 25 september jouke new
Presentation ewfd 25 september jouke new
Presentation ewfd 25 september jouke new
What’s in the RBMP?
• Characteristics of the district;
– pressures and impacts
– risk assessment based on water quality, ecology,
quantity and hydro-morphology factors
– including protected areas
– economic assessment of water services
• Environmental objectives and timescale for achieving
• Programme of measures to achieve objectives
• Monitoring networks and programmes
• Consultation & participation opportunities for
“interested parties”
32
TYPE OF MEASURES (in basin and
waterbody)
• Technical measures:
– Fish ladder
– against soil erosion
– ………
• Economical instruments
– Fertilizer taxation
– ……..
• Non technical measures:
– Raising awareness of farmers
– ………………………
33
TECHNICAL MEASURES
EWFD WEDNESDAY SEPTEMBER 25
EWFD WEDNESDAY SEPTEMBER 25
Recovering the Costs
• Water charges
• Polluter Pays: polluters and users should pay
for the natural resources they use and the
damage they create
• Economic efficiency and reduction of the
financial burden on public authorities.
Economical Implications
• cost-effectiveness analysis for selecting the measures
• cost-recovery analysis
• implementation of an incentive pricing policy
• Costs versus benefits (or avoiding costs)
37
Cost-effectiveness and EU rules
• It is allowed not to take measures for the following
reason:
• ‘completing the improvements within the timescale
would be disproportionately expensive’
• Member States may aim to achieve less stringent
environmental objectives for specific bodies of water
when they are so affected by human activity or their
natural condition is such that the achievement of these
objectives would be infeasible or disproportionately
expensive
38
The development of PoM and Economic analysis
1. Identify basic measures and their
cost
2. for the water bodies with risk of
non compliance, identify
supplementary measures (cost &
efficiency)
Draft of PoM
• Select the most
cost-effective set
of measures
• assess the cost
impacts of the
PoM on
economic
sectors (e.g on
water price paid
by households)
Programme of measures development
process
Economic analysis
The Water Framework Directive, economic
elements and derogations
Programme of measures (cost in million euros)
Total Per year
Basic measures 879 146
Supplementary
measures
3 929 655
Illustrations from Artois-Picardie River Basin and
the development of the programme of measures
Impact on economic sectors
Households Industry Agriculture
80% 10% - 15% 5% - 10%
WWTP
Sewerage
network
Water bill
• investments
• fees
• investments
• fees
Illustrations from Artois-Picardie River Basin and
the development of the programme of measures

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Presentation ewfd 25 september jouke new

  • 1. EUROPEAN WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE (EFDW) JOUKE HERINGASEPTEMBER 24 2013
  • 2. European Water Framework Directive • Goals • Time schedule • Terms • Quality assessment • Time schedule • River Basin Management Plan (RBMP)
  • 4. “Water is not a commercial product like any other but, rather, a heritage which must be protected, defended and treated as such.”
  • 6. Water Framework Directive Protection and improvement of quality of surface and ground water for water related ecocsystems and sustainable use
  • 7. Water Framework Directive Principle: River Basin Management Every water body must be in a : • Good Ecological State (GES) • Good Chemical State (GCS)
  • 10. River basins in Spain 10
  • 11. Water Framework Directive : Riverbasins in the Netherlands
  • 12. National Catchment Water bodyRiver Basin District River Basin Mangement : 4 key scales
  • 13. Water Framework Directive Terms: Watertypes Main types surface waters: • rivers • lakes • transitional waters • coastal waters
  • 14. Water Framework Directive Terms: Category • Natural • Heavily Modified (HM) • Artificial (A) Consequences for targets: • Natural: Good Ecological State (GES) and Good Chemical State (GCS) • HM and A: Good Ecological Potential (GEP) and GCS
  • 15. Good Ecological State • Good population of fish • Good population of algae • Good population of waterplants • Good population of macrobenthos • All other chemical substances meet the standards
  • 16. Good Chemical State • 33 priority substances from WFD meet the standards (PCB, Dioxine, et)
  • 17. Surface waters - ecological status Reference condition (article 5: analysis of river basin characteristics) Characterisation of water body type Classification (high, good, moderate, poor , bad) Biological parameters (aq. flora, invert., fish) Hydromorphological and physico-chemical parameters (supporting)
  • 19. Water Framework Directive Quality assessment 1 Chemistry: • EU prioritairy substances 2 Ecology: • 4 Biological elements • Ecology supporting chemistry • Rest micropollutants 3 Hydromorology
  • 21. Water Framework Directive Quality assessment Classification: • Chemistry: 2 classes (Good/Bad) • Ecology Natural Waters: 5 classes • Ecology Heavily Modified and Artificial: 4 classes (maximum is Maximum Ecological Potential: MEP)
  • 22. Bad status Good status Bad status Poor status Moderate status (differs moderately from type specific conditions) Good status (slight changes from type spec. conditions) High status (close to undisturbed conditions) Chemical status Ecological status target status max. ecol. potential reference biotic elements abiotic elements Water-quality status = Chemical status + Ecological status / potential Ecological assessment (EU Water Framework Directive) classification & presentation yardstick
  • 23. Ecological Status for Surface Waters Pass WFD Fail WFD
  • 24. Water Framework Directive Quality assessment One out, all out principe: All quality elements, including all substances, must have the score GOOD (GES of GEP) at minimum
  • 25. Implementation 2009 2015 2021 20272005 2006 Identify Risks Monitor “Water Status” 1st River Basin Plan 2nd River Basin Plan 3rd River Basin Plan The WFD specifies three planning cycles of six years each up to the year 2027
  • 26. Water Framework Directive Time Schedule As European legislation superimposed on national law • 2000 Into force • 2005 Characterising riverbasin (present state) • 2006 Monitoring program ready • 2009 River basin management plan with measures • 2015 Targets achieved = All waters have to be in good quality (chemical and ecological) • 2015 Adaption RBMP • 2021 Targets achieved
  • 27. T=0 (Present Status) in 2005 • Per waterbody all chemical and ecological data is collected. • Test if parameters meet the standards • All sources of pollution have been identified for the substances who do not meet the standards. • Risks: what waterbodies are not in good quality in 2015? • What are we going to do improve the bad quality?
  • 28. Strictly Enforced  The strategy that will implement the Directive has milestones and dates for achieving them.  If we ‘fail’ the EU Commission will immediately initiate legal action against the Member State. Actions have already commenced against some states.
  • 32. What’s in the RBMP? • Characteristics of the district; – pressures and impacts – risk assessment based on water quality, ecology, quantity and hydro-morphology factors – including protected areas – economic assessment of water services • Environmental objectives and timescale for achieving • Programme of measures to achieve objectives • Monitoring networks and programmes • Consultation & participation opportunities for “interested parties” 32
  • 33. TYPE OF MEASURES (in basin and waterbody) • Technical measures: – Fish ladder – against soil erosion – ……… • Economical instruments – Fertilizer taxation – …….. • Non technical measures: – Raising awareness of farmers – ……………………… 33
  • 36. Recovering the Costs • Water charges • Polluter Pays: polluters and users should pay for the natural resources they use and the damage they create • Economic efficiency and reduction of the financial burden on public authorities.
  • 37. Economical Implications • cost-effectiveness analysis for selecting the measures • cost-recovery analysis • implementation of an incentive pricing policy • Costs versus benefits (or avoiding costs) 37
  • 38. Cost-effectiveness and EU rules • It is allowed not to take measures for the following reason: • ‘completing the improvements within the timescale would be disproportionately expensive’ • Member States may aim to achieve less stringent environmental objectives for specific bodies of water when they are so affected by human activity or their natural condition is such that the achievement of these objectives would be infeasible or disproportionately expensive 38
  • 39. The development of PoM and Economic analysis 1. Identify basic measures and their cost 2. for the water bodies with risk of non compliance, identify supplementary measures (cost & efficiency) Draft of PoM • Select the most cost-effective set of measures • assess the cost impacts of the PoM on economic sectors (e.g on water price paid by households) Programme of measures development process Economic analysis The Water Framework Directive, economic elements and derogations
  • 40. Programme of measures (cost in million euros) Total Per year Basic measures 879 146 Supplementary measures 3 929 655 Illustrations from Artois-Picardie River Basin and the development of the programme of measures
  • 41. Impact on economic sectors Households Industry Agriculture 80% 10% - 15% 5% - 10% WWTP Sewerage network Water bill • investments • fees • investments • fees Illustrations from Artois-Picardie River Basin and the development of the programme of measures