The document discusses several key political concepts: 1) Division of powers refers to the separation and balance of powers between branches of government like the legislature, executive, and judiciary. 2) Civil liberties are rights and freedoms that protect individuals from government overreach and abuse of power. 3) A chief executive is the highest-ranking officer who manages a corporation, organization, or agency and reports to the board of directors.

1. Division of powers Division of powermeans: the equality that is needed in order to run a state in order to maintane peace and estability between society and is goverment.In modern state we have 3 powers legislature executive and judiciary and each one of then have the same power to control others

2. Civil liberties Civil liberties are rights and freedoms that protect an individual from the state. Civil liberties set limits on government so that its members cannot abuse their power and interfere unduly with the lives of private citizens

3. Chief executive chief executive is one of the highest-ranking corporate officers or administrators in charge of total management. An individual selected as president and of a corporation, company, organization, or agency, reports to the board of directors.

4. Social obligation Social obligation is an ethical or ideological theory that an entity whether it is a government, corporation, organization or individual has a responsibility to society at large. This responsibility can be "negative", meaning there is exemption from blame or liability, or it can be "positive," meaning there is a responsibility to act beneficently

5. Republic Republic: a governmenthaving a chief of statewhoisnot a monarch and who in modern times isusually a president

6. Centralism Centralism.: theconcentration of power and control in thecentralauthority of anorganization (as a politicaloreducationalsystem).

7. Federalism Federalism: thedistribution of power in anorganization (as a government) between a central authority and theconstituentunits.

8. Rights Rights:Arevariouslyconstrued as legal, social, or moral freedomstoactorrefrainfromacting, orentitlementstobeacteduponornotactedupon

9. Public Services Publicservice: Publicservicesis a termusuallyusedto mean servicesprovidedbygovernmenttoitscitizens, eitherdirectly (throughthepublic sector) orbyfinancingprivateprovision of services

10. Legal right Legal rights: Legal rights are, clearly, rightswhichexistunderthe rules of legal systems.

11. National Front National Front: was a period in thehistory of Colombia in whichthetwomainpoliticalparties; Liberal Party and ConservativePartyagreedtolettheoppositepartygovern, intercalatingfor a period of fourpresidentialterms

12. Central govgerment Central government or union government is the government at the level of the nation-state.

13. Emergency Power Emergency powers are a last-resort option for responding to the most serious of emergencies where existing legislative provision is insufficien