Vocabularies and grammar functions related to
express permission
Permit (verb) = mengijinkan
Permission (noun) = ijin
Allow (verb) = mengijikan
Can (modal) = boleh/dapat
May (modal) = Boleh
Note:
Allow/permit to infinitive
Can/may infinitive

Asking Permission
• Can I close the window, please?
• Please let me have the car tonight.
• Would it be possible to me to do that?
• Do you mind if I smoke?
• May I have your permission to meet your daughter?
• May I borrow your pen?
• Is it alright if I enter your room?
Expressing Asking and Giving Permission

Giving and Denying Permission
Giving Permission
• Sure go ahead.
• It’s okay with me.
• No, I don’t mind.
• Why not?
• You have my permission.
• I won’t stop you
• Certainly
• By all means
Denying Permission
• No, You may not.
• No, You can’t
• Yes, I do mind
• I will not permit you to
• It is not allowed to
• I absolutely forbid you
• You are not permitted to
• You are not allowed to

Examples – 1
Jane : Susan, do you have a long ruler?
Susan : Yes.
Jane : May I use it? I want to draw a line?
Susan : Oh certainly, here it is. But don’t forget to return it.
Jane : And, do you have a pencil, too?
Susan : Yes, I do
Jane : Would you mind if I use it?
Susan : Yes, I do mind because I am using it.
Jane : okay, thank you
Examples – 2
Mira : John, are you going downtown?
John : Yes, I am
Mira : can I go with you?
John : oh, sure! Get in. Where do you want to go?
Mira : I want to go to the supermarket to buy a gift
for my nephew, today is his birthday.
John : All right.

1. Ari: Excuse me, Sir. May I close the door? It’s windy
outside.
Yuda: Oh, sure.
In the dialogue, Ari is asking for …
a. Help
b. Permission
c. Agreement
d. Information
2. Gita: May I come to your house this afternoon?
Maya : … I’m going to grandma’s house this afternoon.
Maybe next time?
Gita: Ok. Maybe next time.
a. Sure.
b. I’m afraid you can’t.
c. With my pleasure.
d. Yes, please

Bentuk Modal
Auxiliaries
Keterangan
Can
Could
Will
Would
May
Might
Must
Should
Shall
Ought to
Modals harus diikuti dengan kata kerja
bentuk pertama (VERB 1). Tidak perlu
menambahkan akhiran -s/-es walaupun
Subject nya: He, She, It
Contoh:
He can fix this
She can fix this.
Pengecualian untuk modals: ought to,
memang diikuti dengan infinitive “to”
kemudian diikuti dengan kata kerja bentuk
pertama (VERB 1).
Contoh: She ought to go to the market.

Modal Auxiliaries Fungsi
Can/ Could
(bisa/ dapat)
To ask for permission.
Contoh: Can/ Could I use your cell phone?
To express polite request.
Contoh: Could you get me some water, please?
To express ability to do something.
Contoh: I can speak English.
Will/ Would
(akan)
To express polite request.
Contoh: Will you buy me a candy, please?
To express intention.
Contoh: I will finish my work soon.
To express prediction.
Contoh: It will rain this afternoon.
Would To express more polite request
Contoh: Would you pass the book, please?
To express probability
Contoh: That would be his brother in front of my house.

May/ Might
(boleh/ mungkin)
To express more formal permission
Contoh: May I meet your wife, sir?
To express prohibition
Contoh: You may not smoke here.
To show possibility
Contoh: She may join the English Club.
To express wish
Contoh: May God bless you all the time.
Must/ Have to
(harus/ pasti)
To talk about necessity
Contoh: I must/ have to buy some foods for breakfast.
To express obligation
Contoh: They must/ have to obey the medical rules.
To express prohibition
Contoh: You must not eat in the office.
To express conclusion
Contoh: Brian got a bad score. He must be a lazy student.
Should (seharusnya) To express advice or suggestion
Contoh: You should go to the doctor.
Shall
(akan/ sebaiknya)
To express obligation
Contoh: The staff shall give the weather report every day.

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