This presentation covers the sustainable water resources in India. It also covers the concepts of sustainablity, government policies and the role of the society in promoting water sustainability.

1. An Environmental Science &
Biology Presentation On :-
“SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES IN INDIA”

2. What is
Sustainability?
THE DALY RULES FOR SUSTAINABILITY -
“Sustainable development is development
that meets the needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs.”
- Brundtland Commission (1983)
(1) Renewable resources such as fish,
soil, and groundwater must be used no
faster than the rate at which they
regenerate.
(2) Nonrenewable resources such as
minerals and fossil fuels must be used
no faster than renewable substitutes for
them can be put into place.
(3) Pollution and wastes must be
emitted no faster than natural systems
can absorb them, recycle them, or
render them harmless.
By - Herman E. Daly (Prof. University of
Maryland School of Public Policy)

3. Use of Renewable Resources
‘VS’
The Rate of Renewal
Consumption
of renewable resources
State of Environment Sustainability
More than nature's ability
to replenish
Environmental
Degradation
Not Sustainable
Equal to nature's ability
to replenish
Environmental Equilibrium Steady-State Sustainability
Less than nature's ability
to replenish
Environmental Renewal Sustainable Development

4. Why Sustainability in Water Resources ?
 Water is life. Water sustainability is one of the greatest challenges facing the country of India. The
urgent need for a clean, reliable water supply is complicated by a burgeoning population,
agricultural demands, unreliable energy, and the monsoon system, which subjects the country to
devastating floods during three months of the year and droughts during others.
 Growing pressure on water resources – from population and economic growth, climate change,
pollution, and other challenges – has major impacts on our social, economic, and environmental
well-being. Many of our most important aquifers are being over-pumped, causing widespread
declines in groundwater levels. About 80% of India's fresh water is used for agriculture.
 According to the WorldWatch Institute, “In India, the demand for water in urban areas is expected
to double and industrial demand to triple by 2025.
 According to a 2012 source, a staggering 70% of the available water in India is polluted. Hence,
we require techniques and policies to ensure the sustainability of water for future generations.

5. THE INDIAN
SCENARIO
India has a territory of 328 million
hectares, which receives an average
annual rainfall of 120cm, this is among
the highest for a comparable
geographical area in the world.
The water resources of the nation are
enormous but unevenly distributed in
several terms : seasonally, regionally,
basin wide, cultivator class-wise, and
crop-wise. Due to lack of national water
resources budgeting and planning,
famine in the vast tracts of southern and
western peninsula ravages the lives of
farmers.

6. SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES
Surface Water
Surface freshwater is unfortunately limited
and unequally distributed in the world.
Structures such as dams may be used to
impound water for consumption. If properly
designed and constructed, dams can help
provide a sustainable water supply.
Groundwater
Groundwater accounts for greater than 50% of global
freshwater. Groundwater can be a sustainable water
supply source if the total amount of water entering,
leaving, and being stored in the system is conserved.

7. SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES
Rainwater Harvesting Desalinization
Collecting water from precipitation is one of the most
sustainable sources of water supply since it has
inherent barriers to the risk of over-exploitation found
in surface and groundwater sources, and directly
provides drinking water quality.
Desalinization has the potential to provide an
adequate water quantity to those regions that are
freshwater poor, including small island states.
However, the energy demands of reverse osmosis, a
widely-used procedure used to remove salt from
water, are a challenge to the adaptation of this
technology as a sustainable one.

8. SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES
Reclaimed Water
Reclaimed water, or water recycled from human
use, can also be a sustainable source of water
supply. It is an important solution to reduce stress
on primary water resources such as surface and
groundwater.
Bottled Water
Bottled water is a 21st century phenomenon whereby
mostly private companies provide potable water in a
bottle for a cost. When sustainability metrics are
used to access bottled water, it falls short in many
situations of being a sustainable water supply.

10. INDIA : DEPLETING WATER RESOURCES (A
STUDY BY NASA)
 The study, led by Matthew Rodell of the United States' NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland,
indicated that groundwater across a swath of India from New Delhi into heavily farmed agricultural belts
dropped at an average rate of 1.6 inches per year between August 2002 and October 2008. That
decrease in groundwater is more than double the capacity of India's largest reservoir.
 "The region has become dependent on irrigation to maximize agricultural productivity," Rodell said in a
statement. "If measures are not taken to ensure sustainable groundwater usage, the consequences for
the 114 million residents of the region may include a collapse of agricultural output and severe shortages
of potable water.“
 The study noted that the drop in groundwater came in years where there was no shortage of rainfall to
cause a natural decline.
 The region, though, has seen an enormous increase in water use since the 1960s. Part of that is because
of the growing population, though even more resulted from the so-called Green Revolution, which
dramatically increased India's agricultural production.

11. “SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IS PARAMOUNT”

12. Sustainable Water
Resource
Management (SWAR)
 THE SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
(SWAR), A PROJECT RUN BY THE STOCKHOLM
INTERNATIONAL WATER INSTITUTE (SIWI) THEIR GOAL
IS TO IMPROVE THE WATER MANAGEMENT IN THE
TEXTILE PRODUCTION WHILE ALSO DECREASING THE
AMOUNT OF CHEMICALS AND ENERGY THAT IS USED.
 THERE IS ALSO TRAINING OF BOTH MANAGEMENT
AND WORKERS SO THAT THEY CAN WORK
CONTINUOUSLY WITH THESE ISSUES. SWAR
INCLUDES AWARENESS SESSIONS AND WORKSHOPS,
AND ALSO HANDS-ON TECHNICAL WORK IN THE
FACTORIES. OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESOURCE SAVING
AND OPTIMIZATION ARE IDENTIFIED AND FIXED, AND
THE EFFICIENCY OF THE INFRASTRUCTURE IS
IMPROVED.
 WHAT MAKES SWAR SOMEWHAT UNIQUE IS THE FACT
THAT THE PROJECT NOT ONLY ENGAGES SUPPLIERS
BUT ALSO SUB-SUPPLIERS. FOR MANY OF THE
COMPETING DYE-HOUSES, THIS HAS BEEN THE FIRST
TIME THAT THEY SAT DOWN AT THE SAME TABLE.
“The textile industry is the number one
industrial polluter of water on the planet. Now
Swedish clothing brands Indiska, KappAhl and
Lindex have joined forces to help their
suppliers become more eco-friendly. Currently
implemented in Delhi (NCR) and Jaipur in
India.”

13. “The Ministry of Water
Resources is responsible
for laying down policy
guidelines and programs
for the development and
regulation of country's
water resources”
Organizations –
 Central Ground Water Board (CGWB)
A multidisciplinary scientific organization with a mandate to " Develop and
disseminate technologies and monitor and implement national policies for the
scientific and sustainable development and management of India's ground
water resources, including their exploration, assessment, conservation,
augmentation, protection from pollution, and distribution, based on principles
of economic and ecological efficiency and equity.”
 Central Water and Power Research Station
Provides comprehensive R&D support to a variety of projects in the areas of
water and energy resources development and water borne transport.
 Central Water Commission
A Premier Technical Organization in the country in the field of water resources
and is charged with the general responsibilities of initiating, coordinating and
furthering, in consultation with the State Governments concerned, schemes for
control, conservation and utilization of water resources throughout the country,
for purpose of Flood Control, Irrigation, Navigation, Drinking Water Supply and
Water Power Development.
 Water Quality Assessment Authority
Water quality assessment and management is one of the most important
aspects of water management. This has attained significant global importance
over the years in view of growing concerns and awareness on environment and
health related impacts.
Vision - Optimal sustainable
development, maintenance of
quality and efficient use of
water resources to match with
the growing demands on this
precious natural resource of
the country.

14. SOME GOVERNMENT WATER
CONSERVATION POLICIES
 The objective of National Water Mission is
"conservation of water, minimizing wastage and
ensuring its equitable distribution both across and
within States through integrated water resources
development and management".
 Five goals identified in the National Water Mission
are Comprehensive water data base in public
domain and assessment of the impact of climate
change on water resources; promotion of citizen
and state actions for water conservation,
augmentation and preservation; focused attention
to vulnerable areas including over-exploited areas;
increasing water use efficiency by 20%; and
promotion of basin level integrated water resources
management.
National Water Policy
 Envisages to establish a standardized national
information system with a network of data banks
and data bases
 Resource planning and recycling for providing
maximum availability
 To give importance to the impact of projects
on human settlements and environment.
 Guidelines for the safety of storage dams and
other water-related structures
 Regulate exploitation of groundwater
 Setting water allocation.
 The water rates for surface water and ground
water should be rationalized with due regard to
the interests of small and marginal farmers.
National Water Mission

15. GENERAL MEASURES FOR SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT IN WATER RESOURCES
 Proper implementation of water Act.
 To control water pollution should be reduction in the use of chemicals fertilizers.
 Plantation of trees is useful to store water resources.
 Watershed management program should be organized systematically.
 It is the duty of government to bring awareness among farmers regarding consumption of
water.
 Water resources are to be purified and reused for consumption.
 Construction of dams without creating environmental problems.
 Interlinking of rivers is required to protect water resources.
 The disputes of water resources among states and countries to be solved for equal and proper
utilization of water resources.

17. -CONCLUSION-

18. Sustainable Water Resources are limited
and scarce in our country. Policy
implementation is more important than
policy declaration. As ‘literate’ citizens
of India, we must vow to harness these
limited resources so that every person
can be availed of drinking water.
“Sustainability is not just minimizing
personal needs, its optimizing them for
the future generations.”
TEAM MEMBERS –
 DIVYANSH SHARMA
 HARSHIT SANKHLA
 JAGDISH PRASAD KUMAWAT
 JAIPAL SUNGH DHAYAL
 KRANTHI KUMAR REDDY
 KAUSHAL KHETAN
 KAVISH MEHTA
 SIVA RAHUL BASAM