network topology

2. NETWORK TOPOLOGIES
• WHAT IS A TOPOLOGY?
• The pattern of interconnection of nodes in a
network is called the topology.
• FACTORS TO CONSIDER
WHILE MAKING A
TOPOLOGY CHOICE
• Cost
• Flexibility
• Reliability

3. First Page :
Point to Point link
• A point-to-point link basically relies upon two
functions – transmit and receive.
• MAIN CHARACTERISTIC-each
station receives exactly from one
transmitter and each transmitter transmits to
exactly one receiver.
Point to Point Network
TRANSMIT
XX YY
TRANSMIT
RECIEVE
RECIEVE

4. Types of Network Topologies
•STAR TOPOLOGY
•BUS TOPOLOGY
•RING TOPOLOGY
•TREE TOPOLOGY
•GRAPH TOPOLOGY
•MESH TOPOLOGY

5. The Star Topology
• Consists of a central node to which all the other
nodes are connected by a single path.
• Used in most existing information networks
involving data processing or voice
communications.

6. The Bus Topology • Has a single length of transmission medium onto
which the various nodes are attached.
• Data is transmitted in small blocks, known as
packets, each of has some data bits, plus a
header containing its destination address.
• A destination device in the bus, identifies the
address on the packets and copies the data onto
the disk.

7. The Ring Topology
• Each node is connected to two and only two
neighboring nodes.
• Data is accepted from one of the neighboring
node and is transmitted onwards to another.
• After passing through each node, data returns to
the sending node, which removes it.

8. The Tree Topology
• A variation of the bus
topology
• Shape of this type of a
network is that of a
tree with the central
root branching and
sub-branching to the
extremities of the
network.
• No need of removing
the packets from the
medium because
when a signal reaches
the end of the
medium, it is aborted
by the terminators.

9. The Graph Topology
• The nodes are connected together
in an arbitrary fashion.
• A link may or may not connect two
or more nodes and can even have
multiple links
• If a path has been established in
one or two nodes via link(s), then it
is known as a connected graph.

10. A GRTAhPeH G TrOaPpOhL OTGoYpology

11. The Mesh Topology
• Each node is
connected to more
than one node to
provide an alternative
route in case the host
is either down or too
busy.
• Excellent for long
distance networking.
• Used in large
internetworking
environments with
stars, rings and buses
attached to each node.