Walter Gropius was a pioneering German architect and founder of the Bauhaus school. He is known for developing the International Style of architecture. Some of his most notable works include the Fagus Factory (1911), considered an early example of modern architecture due to its simplicity and use of glass, steel, and concrete. He also designed the Bauhaus Archive in Berlin (1964) to house artifacts from the Bauhaus school. In the US, he designed his family home in Lincoln, MA called the Gropius House (1938), which showcased Bauhaus design philosophies through its efficient use of materials and integration with the landscape. Gropius advocated for standardized, prefabricated, and industrialized construction methods

1. PRESENTATION ON
AR.WALTER GROUPIS

2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We take this opportunity to express our profound gratitude and
deep regards to our guide AR. ROOPALI for her exemplary
guidance, monitoring and constant encouragement throughout
this presentation. The blessing, help and guidence given by her
time time shall carry us a long way in the journey of life on
which we are about to embark……

4. WALTER GROPIUS
HUMAN BRAIN IS LIKE UMBRELLA,
IT WORKS WHEN IT IS OPEN….
_ WALTER GROPIUS

5. Biography of Walter
Gropius

6. EARLY LIFE
• Full name-GEORGE WALTER ADOLF GROPIUS.
• Born in Berlin 18 May 1883
• He was the third child of Walter Adolph Gropius andManon
AugustePauline Scharn weber.
• Earlier he was taught by his father.

7. EARLY EDUCATION
• Educated in private elementary school
• 1903 he left school and went to the Technical University in Munich to study
architecture.
• Although he studied architecture in Berlin and Munich (1903-1907), he
received no degree.
• Gropius could not draw, and was dependent on collaborators and partner-
interpreters throughout his career.
• In school an assistant is hired to complete his homework for him.
• 1904-1905 he served in the military, then went back to school.
• 1907 he left school without completion and went back to Berlin because of
the death of his brother.

8. MARRIED LIFE
• •Gropius married Alma Mahler(1879–1964), widow of Gustav Mahler.
• •Walter and Alma has a daughter, named Manon.
• •Manon died of polio at age eighteen.
• •Gropius and Alma divorced in 1920.
• •Alma had by that time established a relationship with Franz Werfel,
whom she later married.
• •In 1923 Gropius married Ise Frank, and they remained together until his
death.
• •He adopted Beate Gropius, also known as Ati

9. INSPIRATION
• •His father and his great-uncle Martin Gropius were architect, that was
why he wanted to become an architect from his childhood days.
• •inspired by William Morris.
• •William Morris(24 March 1834 –3 October 1896) was an English
textile designer, artist, writer, and socialist who founded a design firm
and associated English Arts and Crafts Movement.

10. Thoughts of AR. Walter Gropius

11. THOUGHTS
• For art is not a ‘profession’. There is no essential difference
between artist and the craftsman.
• The artist is the exalted craftsman……….

12. PHILOSOPHY
• His phylosophy was based on MODERN ARCHITECTURE. the modern
architecture includes international style.
• The most common characteristics of International Style buildings are
said to be: i. rectilinear forms; ii. light, taut plane surfaces that have been
completely stripped of applied ornamentation and decoration; iii. open
interior spaces; iv. a visually weightless quality engendered by the use of
cantilever construction. Glass and steel, in combination with usually less
visible reinforced concrete, are the characteristic materials of the
construction

13. • He believed of industrialized building carried with it a belief in
team work and an acceptance of standardization and
prefabrication.

14. INTERNATIONAL STYLE/ ARCHITECTURAL
FEATURES
• Simple geometry often rectangular
• Used of modern materials like steel and glass
• Smooth surface
• Primary colours
• Linear and horizontal elements

15. TECHNIQUE
• This advocacy of industrialized building carried with it a
belief in team work and an acceptance of standardization and
prefabrication.
• Using technology as a basis, he transformed building into a
science of precise mathematical calculations.

16. • An important theorist and teacher, Gropius introduced a
screen wall system that utilized a structural steel frame to
support the floors and which allowed the external glass walls
to continue without interruption.

17. FAMOUS WORKS OF
WALTER GROPIUS

18. FAGUS FACTORY (ALFLED GERMANY)

19. • THE FAGUS FACTORY,A SHOE LAST FACTORY INALFELD IN GERMANY,IS
AN IMPORTANT EXAMPLE OF EARLY MODERN ARCHITECTURE.
• IT WAS BUILT AT ALFELD–AN–DER–LEINE IN1911.
• IT WAS IN COLLABORATION WITH ADOLFMEYER.
• MOST STRIKING THING: SIMPLICITY AND CONFIDENCE OF THE
ARCHITECTURE.

20. • INFAGUS WORKS,GROPIUS BROUGHT THE ACCOMPLISHMENT
OF THE PAST FIFTEEN YEARS.
• THE MAIN BUILDING CAN BE SEEN AS AN INVERSION OF THE
TURBINE FACTORY.
• IT WAS DESIGNED BY GROPIUS KEEPING IN MIND THE
SURROUNDINGS.
• IT WAS CALLED BY GROPIUS AN ARTISTIC AND PRACTICAL
DESIGN.

21. • FAGUS BUILDING WAS THE FIRST TO EXTRACT THE FULL
AESTHETICALLY REVOLUTIONARY IMPACT FROM THE
STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT.
• FAGUS STRUCTURE WAS ACTUALLY A HYBRID CONSTRUCTION
OF BRICK COLUMNS,STEELBEAM SAND CONCRETE FLOORS
LABS AND STAIRWAYS.
• IT WAS A STEEL FRAME SUPPORTING THE FLOORS, GLASS
SCREEN EXTERNAL WALLS.PILLARS ARE SET BEHIND THE
FAÇADE SO THAT ITS CURTAIN CHARACTERISFULLY REALIZED.

22. PLAN;

23. ELEVATION;

24. CONSTRUCTUCTION SYSTEM
• The main building was erected on top of a structurally stable basement with flat
caps. Non-reinforced (or compressed) concrete, mixed with pebble dashing was
used for the basement walls, an unfortunate blend unable to support great
individual loads.
• The ceilings were underpinned with a formwork shell and finished in rough-cast
plaster on the services installation side. The floors were composed of planks on
loose sleepers –that is, sleepers that were not fixed between the floor joists.
• Along the side of the building, 3-millimetre-thick steel plates sealed the wedge
between window frame and piers.

25. DESIGN
• Although constructed with different systems, all of the buildings
on the site give a common image and appear as a unified whole.
• The first one is the use of floor-to-ceiling glass windows on steel
frames that go around the corners of the buildings without a
visible (most of the time without any) structural support.
• The other unifying element is the use of brick.

26. BAUHAUS ARCHIVE(BERLIN)

27. •This is the museum of design that collects art pieces, items,
documents and literature which relate to the Bauhaus School
(1919–1933).
•The Bauhaus Archive was founded 1960.
•Gropius was asked to design it. In 1964.
Berlin

28. • •He produced plans for a new museum in Darmstadt, which
was prevented by local politics.
• •The foundation stone was finally laid in 1976 and the
building was ready by 1979.
• •The necessary changes to the plan were carried out by his
former colleague Alex Cvijanovic, in conjunction with the
Berlin architect Hans Bandel.

29. PLAN;

30. SECTION;

31. ELEVATION;

32. MATERIALS AND FORMS
• The building emphasized the direct and honest use of materials
as a functional design.
• The result was rectilinear architectural forms
• structural components such as steel, glass and concrete were used,
directly and honestly, without trying to imitate any other way.
• The colourful metal columns placed at both ends of the ramp.

33. GROPHIUS HOUSE(Lincoln, Massachusett)

34. • The Gropius House was the family residence of Gropius.
• •It is now owned by Historic New England and is open to the
public.
• •This house was his first architectural commission in the
United States.
• •He designed it in 1937, when he came to teachat Harvard
University's Graduate School of Design, andit was built in
1938.

35. • The house caused a sensation when built. In keeping with
Bauhaus philosophy, every aspect of the house and its
surrounding landscape was planned for maximum efficiency
and simplicity.
• Gropius carefully sited the house to complement its New
England habitat on a rise within an orchard of 90 apple trees.

36. • Gropius House mixes up the traditional materials of New
England architecture (wood, brick, and fieldstone) with
industrial materials such as glass block, acoustic plaster, and
chrome banisters.
• •The house structure consists of a traditional New England
post and beam wooden frame.
• •It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2000.

37. STRUCTURE AND MATERIALS
• The basement of the house was built in stone, so it uproots a
highest level of the ground level.
• Used for brick walls and wood, they are charging and are
mostly lined or covered with plaster and wood slats on the
front. Some brick walls were left with apparent view.

38. • The materials used were wooden tablets on the walls, brick,
steel to the forges as stairs, pergolas, balustrades, columns
and ornamental porches lined with sheet metal building, the
foundation stone and flooring, as well as laminated glass for
the woodwork and glass block to shed light on some points.

39. SOME OTHER EXAMPLES OF AR.WALTER GROPHIUS
ARE;
- Siemensstadt Housing Estate
- MetLife Building
- Josephine M.Hagerty House

40. SIEMENSSTADT HOUSING STATE(eurasia, germany,
western estate)
• •It is a non profit residential community in the Charlottenburg -
Wilmersdorf district of Berlin.
• •It is one of the six Modernist Housing Estates in Berlin recognized in
July 2008 by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site.

41. METLIFE BUILDING(park avenue, New york)
• •The MetLife Building is a skyscraper.
• •Built in 1958–63 as the Pan Am Building, then headquarters
of Pan American World Airways.
• •It is in collaboration with Emery Roth & Sons, Pietro
Belluschi.

42. JOSEPHINE M.HAGERTY HOUSE(Massachett)
•Located a few feet from the shoreline, it was the first building in
the United States commissioned from Gropius.
• The house was built in 1938 and added to the National
Historic Register in 1997.

43. CONCLUSION
• GROPIUS IS RECOGNIZED AS ONE OF THE FOUR PIONEERS
OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE,THE OTHERS BEING
MIESVANDERROHE,FRANK LYOD WRIGHT ANDLE-
CORBUSIER.
• GROPIUS WAS QUICK TO SEE THE ADVANTAGES OF
ECONOMY IN THE BUILDINGS.
• GROPIUS WAS EXPERIMENTED IN HIS PROJECTS.

44. REFERRENCE
• www.wikipedia.com
• GROPIUS book by TASCHEN
• BAUHAUS book by TASCHEN
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Gropius
• en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagus_Factory
• en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_ Morris
• en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alma _Mahler

45. THANK
YOU