3. ANZAC Day, April 25, 2014
Australia and New Zealand marked the 99th anniversary of the
first major military action involving their forces during the First
World War
4. The Disastrous Gallipoli Campaign
The Gallipoli or Dardanelles Campaign took place during the First World
War by allied forces against the Ottoman Empire between April 1915 and
January 1916. The operations consisted of a joint British and French
mission to capture the capital of Istanbul and secure a sea route through
the Dardanelles and the Black Sea to supply Russia.
On 25 April, at approximately 4:15 am on a still spring night, with the sea
mist rising, members of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) landed at
Gallipoli together with troops from New Zealand, Britain, and France. It was
shortly after this landing that the high command realized that the men had
disembarked in the wrong position. Instead of facing the advantageous
topography south of Anzac Cove, they faced the precipitous area of the
north.
5. Inhospitable terrain, miserable conditions and horrendous casualties were
characteristic of the campaign, which ended disastrously with the
withdrawal of allied troops. Overall, the Allies suffered a quarter million
casualties, with Aussies accounting for nearly 30,000 of those. For the
Turkish people, Gallipoli was a defining moment in their history; Mustafa
Kemal Ataturk, founder of the modern Turkish state, was a commander
during the campaign.
Likewise, the Gallipoli campaign resonated profoundly among Australians.
The campaign marked the first major battle undertaken by the Australian
and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) and is considered a landmark in
the development of the Australian national identity.
To this day, ANZAC Day, April 25, remains a deeply significant
commemoration, honoring the military service, suffering and sacrifice of
those involved.
6. Historical photo of Australian and New Zealand army members landing on the beach at Anzac cove during the invasion of Gallipoli in 1915.
7. Australians soldiers embarking at Melbourne to fight in World War One in December 1914. Some 8,000 Australian soldiers died at Gallipoli
8. A trawler packed with British troops on their way to the British landing at Cape Helles, on the southern tip of the Gallipoli Peninsula.
9. Unidentified men from the 1st Divisional Signal Company being towed towards Anzac Cove on the morning of 25 April 1915.
11. Allied troops at what would eventually become known Anzac Cove in the Gallipoli Peninsula in 1915. From this point many Anzac forces were sent into battle
along the ridges of the area. Soldiers can be seen looking up at the hillside they would never capture
12. Troops landing at what would eventually become known as Anzac Cove in the Dardanelles during the Gallipoli campaign in 1915
13. Australian and New Zealand forces landed on Turkish soil at Anzac Cove on 25 April 1915
16. Anzac Cove Beach, Gallipoli. 1915. Members of Anzac Corps on the beach after coming ashore from troopships.
17. A Turkish shell bursting among the stores of the 1st Royal Australian Naval Bridging Train, Suvla Bay, Gallipoli, September 1915.
18. Two soldiers sit beside a pile of empty tins cutting up barbed wire for jam tin bombs.
19. Wireless Station W.5 operated by the 2nd Signal Troop, 2nd Australian Light Horse Brigade, on the beach at Anzac Cove, a few days after the landing.
21. Private John Simpson Kirkpatrick, 3rd Field Ambulance Brigade assisting an unidentified British soldier,
wounded in the leg, being carried by a donkey.
25. A sniper uses a periscopic rifle while his comrade observes for him through an improvised periscope.
26. A gun position of the Hughes Battery in the front line at ANZAC.
27. A scene in the front line Anzac trenches in May 1915.
28. An Australian soldier carries a wounded comrade down from the ranges to a dressing station near North Beach.
29. Stretcher-bearers at work during the August offensive in the Sari Bair Range. They are probably members of the 4th Australian Field Ambulance at Walden
Grove.
36. Scene just before the evacuation at Anzac. Australian troops charging near a Turkish trench. When they got there the Turks had flown. Dardanelles
Campaign, circa 1915.,
37. The bodies of Australian dead in the trenches following fierce fighting with Turkish forces
at Gallipoli in 1915.
41. This wooden cross was erected in one of the Gallipoli battlefield cemeteries by soldiers of the 2nd Brigade, AIF, who fought at the Battle of Lone Pine, 6-9
August 1915.
42. A British soldier visits a comrade’s grave at sunset on the cliffs above Cape Helles, Gallipoli, 1915.
43. Anzac Day 2014
Solemn services have been held around the world to mark Anzac
(Australian and New Zealand Army Corps) Day.
44. A veteran wearing service medals bows his head in the rain during a service to mark Anzac Day in Sydney.
45. A boy holds his relative's army hat as he participates in the annual Anzac Day march through Sydney
46. A veteran protects his medals from the rain during the Anzac Day parade in Sydney
47. Spectators gather on Sydney's George Street to cheer servicemen and war veterans during the Anzac Day parade
48. A veteran takes part in the Anzac Day parade on Bathurst Street in Sydney
49. A former soldier takes part in a dawn service in Christchurch, New Zealand
50. Soldiers take part in a dawn service at the cenotaph in Wellington, New Zealand
51. Members of the Mudgeeraba light horse troop take part in a dawn service to mark Anzac Day at Currumbin Surf Life Saving Club on Australia's Gold Coast
53. Members of the Albert Battery fire their rifles to welcome the dawn at Currumbin Surf Life Saving Club
54. The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge place poppies into the World War One Wall of Remembrance at the Australian National War Memorial in
Canberra
55. The faces of servicemen are projected onto a wall in Martin Place, Sydney, during a dawn service
56. A war veteran makes his way down Bathurst Street in Sydney during the Anzac Day parade
57. Images of Australian servicemen are projected onto the facade of the Australian National War Memorial in Canberra
58. The shadows of Australian soldiers are cast on a monument to fallen soldiers at the Australian National Memorial in Villers-Bretonneux, northern France
59. An Australian soldier bows his head at the Australian National Memorial in Villers-Bretonneux, northern France
60. Soldiers take part in a dawn ceremony marking Anzac Day at the Kranji War Memorial in Singapore.
61. A man clad in a first world war uniform walks among the graves at the Australian National Memorial during wreath-laying ceremonies in Villers-Bretonneux,
northern France
62. A child wearing an Australian flag walks past graves at the Australian War Memorial in the northern French town of Villers-Bretonneux
63. A man places a poppy on a headstone at the Jakarta War Cemetery.
71. A veteran from Papua New Guinea marches with fellow veterans in Sydney as tens of thousands of Australians and New Zealanders gathered to honour
their war dead
72. Members of the Mudgeeraba light horse troop take part in an Anzac Dawn service at Currumbin Surf Life Saving Club, Gold Coast, Australia
73. Two Australian soldiers attend a dawn service at the Australian National Memorial in Villers-Bretonneux, northern France
74. A member of the Australian Army stands in silence near the Cenotaph in Alice Springs.
75. A member of the Mudgeeraba light horse troop takes part in the Anzac dawn service at Currumbin Surf Life Saving Club
76. RAAF Roulettes fly over the shrine of remembrance during the march in Melbourne.
77. The Haka is performed during a dawn service in front of the New Zealand War Memorial at Hyde Park Corner, London
