1) Laparoscopic ablation of minimal or mild endometriosis in women with subfertility aims to increase pregnancy rates but evidence from randomized trials is limited and inconclusive. 2) Two randomized trials found slightly higher pregnancy rates with ablation but the number needed to treat was high at 8 women to achieve one additional pregnancy. 3) A prospective cohort study found no significant difference in fecundity rates between women with minimal/mild endometriosis and unexplained infertility.