SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 12
Perimeter  Adult Numeracy  Level 2
Perimeter  At level 2 you need to understand and use given formulae for finding perimeters of regular shapes. (e.g. rectangular and circular surfaces)
Skills required ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
All the way round the edge . All the way round the edge . All the way round the edge. All the way round the edge. perimeter
Perimeter  To find the perimeter of an object or shape add the lengths of all the sides.
Perimeter 3m 3m L W 2m 3m P = L + W + L + W = 2L + 2W Perimeter = Length + Width + Length + Width
Calculate the distance round a playground of length 85m and breadth 68m. A  5786m B  306m ² C  0.306km D  300m Example question P = 2L + 2W = (2 x 85) + (2 x 68)m = 170 + 136m = 306m = 0. 306km
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Example question P = 2L + 2W = (2 x 6.25) + (2 x 4.5)m = 12.5 + 9m = 21.5m = 22m to the nearest metre
Example question How many 2-metre-long fence panels are needed to go round the site? A  7 B  13 C  18 D  26 4m 2m 6m Length of fence = 2( 6 + 4 + 2) + 2 = 26m Number of panels = 26  ÷ 2 = 13
circumference  = 2 x pi x radius radius (r) diameter (d) c = 2 π r =  π d circumference π   = 3.14
Circumference 2.5m 3m How much edging is needed to go round the shrub and paving sections of the garden? shrubs lawn paving c =  π d = 3 x 2.5 = 7.5m c =  π d = 3 x 3 = 9m Total length = 7.5 + 9 = 16.5m
Formulae W L P = 2L + 2W diameter (d) c =  π  d  π   = 3.14  often rounded to 3

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Scientific notation
Scientific notationScientific notation
Scientific notationforeverun
 
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 1 of 5)
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 1 of 5)Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 1 of 5)
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 1 of 5)Chris James
 
calculo de un tornillo sin fin corona
calculo de un tornillo sin fin corona calculo de un tornillo sin fin corona
calculo de un tornillo sin fin corona Salomon Vinces
 
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 2 of 5)
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 2 of 5)Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 2 of 5)
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 2 of 5)Chris James
 
7.4 A arc length
7.4 A arc length7.4 A arc length
7.4 A arc lengthhartcher
 
Questions of mensuration, area and volume for aptitude tests
Questions of mensuration, area and volume  for aptitude testsQuestions of mensuration, area and volume  for aptitude tests
Questions of mensuration, area and volume for aptitude testsDr. Trilok Kumar Jain
 
Latihan 02
Latihan 02Latihan 02
Latihan 02Hardial
 
Questions on volume and surface area for aptitude tests
Questions on volume and surface area for aptitude tests Questions on volume and surface area for aptitude tests
Questions on volume and surface area for aptitude tests Dr. Trilok Kumar Jain
 
Special Right Triangles
Special Right TrianglesSpecial Right Triangles
Special Right TrianglesFidelfo Moral
 
7th pre alg -l39
7th pre alg -l397th pre alg -l39
7th pre alg -l39jdurst65
 
Math unit21 formulae
Math unit21 formulaeMath unit21 formulae
Math unit21 formulaeeLearningJa
 
8.1 Special Right Triangles
8.1 Special Right Triangles8.1 Special Right Triangles
8.1 Special Right Trianglessmiller5
 
Surface area and volume
Surface area and volumeSurface area and volume
Surface area and volumeSwaraj Routray
 
Subtraction Using A Number Line
Subtraction Using A Number LineSubtraction Using A Number Line
Subtraction Using A Number LineChris James
 

Was ist angesagt? (19)

Scientific notation
Scientific notationScientific notation
Scientific notation
 
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 1 of 5)
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 1 of 5)Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 1 of 5)
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 1 of 5)
 
calculo de un tornillo sin fin corona
calculo de un tornillo sin fin corona calculo de un tornillo sin fin corona
calculo de un tornillo sin fin corona
 
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 2 of 5)
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 2 of 5)Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 2 of 5)
Subtraction Using An Expanded Method (part 2 of 5)
 
133467 p2a2
133467 p2a2133467 p2a2
133467 p2a2
 
7.4 A arc length
7.4 A arc length7.4 A arc length
7.4 A arc length
 
Questions of mensuration, area and volume for aptitude tests
Questions of mensuration, area and volume  for aptitude testsQuestions of mensuration, area and volume  for aptitude tests
Questions of mensuration, area and volume for aptitude tests
 
Latihan 02
Latihan 02Latihan 02
Latihan 02
 
Questions on volume and surface area for aptitude tests
Questions on volume and surface area for aptitude tests Questions on volume and surface area for aptitude tests
Questions on volume and surface area for aptitude tests
 
Ppt on set
Ppt on setPpt on set
Ppt on set
 
Special Right Triangles
Special Right TrianglesSpecial Right Triangles
Special Right Triangles
 
7th pre alg -l39
7th pre alg -l397th pre alg -l39
7th pre alg -l39
 
Math unit21 formulae
Math unit21 formulaeMath unit21 formulae
Math unit21 formulae
 
Perimeter
PerimeterPerimeter
Perimeter
 
8.1 Special Right Triangles
8.1 Special Right Triangles8.1 Special Right Triangles
8.1 Special Right Triangles
 
Surface area and volume
Surface area and volumeSurface area and volume
Surface area and volume
 
Subtraction Using A Number Line
Subtraction Using A Number LineSubtraction Using A Number Line
Subtraction Using A Number Line
 
Ch1hw
Ch1hwCh1hw
Ch1hw
 
Transmisi
TransmisiTransmisi
Transmisi
 

Ähnlich wie Perimeter 1

Perimeter and Circumference
Perimeter and CircumferencePerimeter and Circumference
Perimeter and Circumferencekaren wagoner
 
Questions of mensuration, area and volume for aptitude tests
Questions of mensuration, area and volume  for aptitude testsQuestions of mensuration, area and volume  for aptitude tests
Questions of mensuration, area and volume for aptitude testsDr. Trilok Kumar Jain
 
Geometry 1st Edition Kindle Edition by Elayn Martin Gay Solutions Manual
Geometry 1st Edition Kindle Edition by Elayn Martin Gay Solutions ManualGeometry 1st Edition Kindle Edition by Elayn Martin Gay Solutions Manual
Geometry 1st Edition Kindle Edition by Elayn Martin Gay Solutions Manualrohalcabaye
 
Geometry unit 10.1.2
Geometry unit 10.1.2Geometry unit 10.1.2
Geometry unit 10.1.2Mark Ryder
 
(8) Lesson 5.6 - Use the Pythagorean Theorem
(8) Lesson 5.6 - Use the Pythagorean Theorem(8) Lesson 5.6 - Use the Pythagorean Theorem
(8) Lesson 5.6 - Use the Pythagorean Theoremwzuri
 
9463138669|Math Science SST English Computer For Class 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 T...
9463138669|Math Science SST English Computer For Class 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 T...9463138669|Math Science SST English Computer For Class 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 T...
9463138669|Math Science SST English Computer For Class 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 T...ANAND CLASSES - A SCHOOL OF COMPETITIONS
 
M02_MENSURATION_PPT.ppt
M02_MENSURATION_PPT.pptM02_MENSURATION_PPT.ppt
M02_MENSURATION_PPT.pptGautamPopli1
 
Perimeter and area
Perimeter and areaPerimeter and area
Perimeter and areaSophiya Virk
 
Physics Notes: Solved numerical of Physics first year
Physics Notes: Solved numerical of Physics first yearPhysics Notes: Solved numerical of Physics first year
Physics Notes: Solved numerical of Physics first yearRam Chand
 
GRADE 5 SESSION 6.pptx
GRADE 5 SESSION 6.pptxGRADE 5 SESSION 6.pptx
GRADE 5 SESSION 6.pptxLuisSalenga1
 
C21 21.1
C21 21.1C21 21.1
C21 21.1BGEsp1
 
E2209310017_Mathematics_B.Ed II Year.ppt
E2209310017_Mathematics_B.Ed II Year.pptE2209310017_Mathematics_B.Ed II Year.ppt
E2209310017_Mathematics_B.Ed II Year.pptssuser917ddb
 
Perimeter area circumference
Perimeter area circumferencePerimeter area circumference
Perimeter area circumferencepschlein
 
Circumference and area of cirlce
Circumference and area of cirlceCircumference and area of cirlce
Circumference and area of cirlceAdnan Firoz
 
CE-2-Pre-test-3-Rationalization.pptx
CE-2-Pre-test-3-Rationalization.pptxCE-2-Pre-test-3-Rationalization.pptx
CE-2-Pre-test-3-Rationalization.pptxRujhonNabablitBahall
 
Q3 week 6(Area of Composite Figures).pptx
Q3 week 6(Area of Composite Figures).pptxQ3 week 6(Area of Composite Figures).pptx
Q3 week 6(Area of Composite Figures).pptxJericson Meneses
 
Pythagorean Theorem
Pythagorean TheoremPythagorean Theorem
Pythagorean Theoremjbyoun
 
ncert-solutions-class-7-math-chapter-11-perimeter-and-area.pdf
ncert-solutions-class-7-math-chapter-11-perimeter-and-area.pdfncert-solutions-class-7-math-chapter-11-perimeter-and-area.pdf
ncert-solutions-class-7-math-chapter-11-perimeter-and-area.pdfpalakmalhotra22
 

Ähnlich wie Perimeter 1 (20)

Perimeter and Circumference
Perimeter and CircumferencePerimeter and Circumference
Perimeter and Circumference
 
Questions of mensuration, area and volume for aptitude tests
Questions of mensuration, area and volume  for aptitude testsQuestions of mensuration, area and volume  for aptitude tests
Questions of mensuration, area and volume for aptitude tests
 
Geometry 1st Edition Kindle Edition by Elayn Martin Gay Solutions Manual
Geometry 1st Edition Kindle Edition by Elayn Martin Gay Solutions ManualGeometry 1st Edition Kindle Edition by Elayn Martin Gay Solutions Manual
Geometry 1st Edition Kindle Edition by Elayn Martin Gay Solutions Manual
 
Geometry unit 10.1.2
Geometry unit 10.1.2Geometry unit 10.1.2
Geometry unit 10.1.2
 
(8) Lesson 5.6 - Use the Pythagorean Theorem
(8) Lesson 5.6 - Use the Pythagorean Theorem(8) Lesson 5.6 - Use the Pythagorean Theorem
(8) Lesson 5.6 - Use the Pythagorean Theorem
 
9463138669|Math Science SST English Computer For Class 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 T...
9463138669|Math Science SST English Computer For Class 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 T...9463138669|Math Science SST English Computer For Class 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 T...
9463138669|Math Science SST English Computer For Class 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 T...
 
M02_MENSURATION_PPT.ppt
M02_MENSURATION_PPT.pptM02_MENSURATION_PPT.ppt
M02_MENSURATION_PPT.ppt
 
Perimeter and area
Perimeter and areaPerimeter and area
Perimeter and area
 
Physics Notes: Solved numerical of Physics first year
Physics Notes: Solved numerical of Physics first yearPhysics Notes: Solved numerical of Physics first year
Physics Notes: Solved numerical of Physics first year
 
GRADE 5 SESSION 6.pptx
GRADE 5 SESSION 6.pptxGRADE 5 SESSION 6.pptx
GRADE 5 SESSION 6.pptx
 
C21 21.1
C21 21.1C21 21.1
C21 21.1
 
E2209310017_Mathematics_B.Ed II Year.ppt
E2209310017_Mathematics_B.Ed II Year.pptE2209310017_Mathematics_B.Ed II Year.ppt
E2209310017_Mathematics_B.Ed II Year.ppt
 
Level 2
Level 2Level 2
Level 2
 
Mensuration.pptx
Mensuration.pptxMensuration.pptx
Mensuration.pptx
 
Perimeter area circumference
Perimeter area circumferencePerimeter area circumference
Perimeter area circumference
 
Circumference and area of cirlce
Circumference and area of cirlceCircumference and area of cirlce
Circumference and area of cirlce
 
CE-2-Pre-test-3-Rationalization.pptx
CE-2-Pre-test-3-Rationalization.pptxCE-2-Pre-test-3-Rationalization.pptx
CE-2-Pre-test-3-Rationalization.pptx
 
Q3 week 6(Area of Composite Figures).pptx
Q3 week 6(Area of Composite Figures).pptxQ3 week 6(Area of Composite Figures).pptx
Q3 week 6(Area of Composite Figures).pptx
 
Pythagorean Theorem
Pythagorean TheoremPythagorean Theorem
Pythagorean Theorem
 
ncert-solutions-class-7-math-chapter-11-perimeter-and-area.pdf
ncert-solutions-class-7-math-chapter-11-perimeter-and-area.pdfncert-solutions-class-7-math-chapter-11-perimeter-and-area.pdf
ncert-solutions-class-7-math-chapter-11-perimeter-and-area.pdf
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Team Lead Succeed – Helping you and your team achieve high-performance teamwo...
Team Lead Succeed – Helping you and your team achieve high-performance teamwo...Team Lead Succeed – Helping you and your team achieve high-performance teamwo...
Team Lead Succeed – Helping you and your team achieve high-performance teamwo...Association for Project Management
 
Decoding the Tweet _ Practical Criticism in the Age of Hashtag.pptx
Decoding the Tweet _ Practical Criticism in the Age of Hashtag.pptxDecoding the Tweet _ Practical Criticism in the Age of Hashtag.pptx
Decoding the Tweet _ Practical Criticism in the Age of Hashtag.pptxDhatriParmar
 
Oppenheimer Film Discussion for Philosophy and Film
Oppenheimer Film Discussion for Philosophy and FilmOppenheimer Film Discussion for Philosophy and Film
Oppenheimer Film Discussion for Philosophy and FilmStan Meyer
 
Concurrency Control in Database Management system
Concurrency Control in Database Management systemConcurrency Control in Database Management system
Concurrency Control in Database Management systemChristalin Nelson
 
ICS 2208 Lecture Slide Notes for Topic 6
ICS 2208 Lecture Slide Notes for Topic 6ICS 2208 Lecture Slide Notes for Topic 6
ICS 2208 Lecture Slide Notes for Topic 6Vanessa Camilleri
 
Narcotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic..pdf
Narcotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic..pdfNarcotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic..pdf
Narcotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic..pdfPrerana Jadhav
 
Unraveling Hypertext_ Analyzing Postmodern Elements in Literature.pptx
Unraveling Hypertext_ Analyzing  Postmodern Elements in  Literature.pptxUnraveling Hypertext_ Analyzing  Postmodern Elements in  Literature.pptx
Unraveling Hypertext_ Analyzing Postmodern Elements in Literature.pptxDhatriParmar
 
Scientific Writing :Research Discourse
Scientific  Writing :Research  DiscourseScientific  Writing :Research  Discourse
Scientific Writing :Research DiscourseAnita GoswamiGiri
 
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHSTextual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHSMae Pangan
 
Indexing Structures in Database Management system.pdf
Indexing Structures in Database Management system.pdfIndexing Structures in Database Management system.pdf
Indexing Structures in Database Management system.pdfChristalin Nelson
 
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptxQ4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptxlancelewisportillo
 
ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS........pptx
ARTERIAL BLOOD  GAS ANALYSIS........pptxARTERIAL BLOOD  GAS ANALYSIS........pptx
ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS........pptxAneriPatwari
 
4.11.24 Mass Incarceration and the New Jim Crow.pptx
4.11.24 Mass Incarceration and the New Jim Crow.pptx4.11.24 Mass Incarceration and the New Jim Crow.pptx
4.11.24 Mass Incarceration and the New Jim Crow.pptxmary850239
 
How to Manage Buy 3 Get 1 Free in Odoo 17
How to Manage Buy 3 Get 1 Free in Odoo 17How to Manage Buy 3 Get 1 Free in Odoo 17
How to Manage Buy 3 Get 1 Free in Odoo 17Celine George
 
CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI - CANCER DRUGS.pptx
CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI - CANCER DRUGS.pptxCLASSIFICATION OF ANTI - CANCER DRUGS.pptx
CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI - CANCER DRUGS.pptxAnupam32727
 
Mythology Quiz-4th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
Mythology Quiz-4th April 2024, Quiz Club NITWMythology Quiz-4th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
Mythology Quiz-4th April 2024, Quiz Club NITWQuiz Club NITW
 
Q-Factor General Quiz-7th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
Q-Factor General Quiz-7th April 2024, Quiz Club NITWQ-Factor General Quiz-7th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
Q-Factor General Quiz-7th April 2024, Quiz Club NITWQuiz Club NITW
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Team Lead Succeed – Helping you and your team achieve high-performance teamwo...
Team Lead Succeed – Helping you and your team achieve high-performance teamwo...Team Lead Succeed – Helping you and your team achieve high-performance teamwo...
Team Lead Succeed – Helping you and your team achieve high-performance teamwo...
 
Decoding the Tweet _ Practical Criticism in the Age of Hashtag.pptx
Decoding the Tweet _ Practical Criticism in the Age of Hashtag.pptxDecoding the Tweet _ Practical Criticism in the Age of Hashtag.pptx
Decoding the Tweet _ Practical Criticism in the Age of Hashtag.pptx
 
Oppenheimer Film Discussion for Philosophy and Film
Oppenheimer Film Discussion for Philosophy and FilmOppenheimer Film Discussion for Philosophy and Film
Oppenheimer Film Discussion for Philosophy and Film
 
Paradigm shift in nursing research by RS MEHTA
Paradigm shift in nursing research by RS MEHTAParadigm shift in nursing research by RS MEHTA
Paradigm shift in nursing research by RS MEHTA
 
prashanth updated resume 2024 for Teaching Profession
prashanth updated resume 2024 for Teaching Professionprashanth updated resume 2024 for Teaching Profession
prashanth updated resume 2024 for Teaching Profession
 
Concurrency Control in Database Management system
Concurrency Control in Database Management systemConcurrency Control in Database Management system
Concurrency Control in Database Management system
 
ICS 2208 Lecture Slide Notes for Topic 6
ICS 2208 Lecture Slide Notes for Topic 6ICS 2208 Lecture Slide Notes for Topic 6
ICS 2208 Lecture Slide Notes for Topic 6
 
Narcotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic..pdf
Narcotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic..pdfNarcotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic..pdf
Narcotic and Non Narcotic Analgesic..pdf
 
Unraveling Hypertext_ Analyzing Postmodern Elements in Literature.pptx
Unraveling Hypertext_ Analyzing  Postmodern Elements in  Literature.pptxUnraveling Hypertext_ Analyzing  Postmodern Elements in  Literature.pptx
Unraveling Hypertext_ Analyzing Postmodern Elements in Literature.pptx
 
Scientific Writing :Research Discourse
Scientific  Writing :Research  DiscourseScientific  Writing :Research  Discourse
Scientific Writing :Research Discourse
 
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHSTextual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
Textual Evidence in Reading and Writing of SHS
 
Indexing Structures in Database Management system.pdf
Indexing Structures in Database Management system.pdfIndexing Structures in Database Management system.pdf
Indexing Structures in Database Management system.pdf
 
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptxQ4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
Q4-PPT-Music9_Lesson-1-Romantic-Opera.pptx
 
ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS........pptx
ARTERIAL BLOOD  GAS ANALYSIS........pptxARTERIAL BLOOD  GAS ANALYSIS........pptx
ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS........pptx
 
4.11.24 Mass Incarceration and the New Jim Crow.pptx
4.11.24 Mass Incarceration and the New Jim Crow.pptx4.11.24 Mass Incarceration and the New Jim Crow.pptx
4.11.24 Mass Incarceration and the New Jim Crow.pptx
 
How to Manage Buy 3 Get 1 Free in Odoo 17
How to Manage Buy 3 Get 1 Free in Odoo 17How to Manage Buy 3 Get 1 Free in Odoo 17
How to Manage Buy 3 Get 1 Free in Odoo 17
 
CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI - CANCER DRUGS.pptx
CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI - CANCER DRUGS.pptxCLASSIFICATION OF ANTI - CANCER DRUGS.pptx
CLASSIFICATION OF ANTI - CANCER DRUGS.pptx
 
Mythology Quiz-4th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
Mythology Quiz-4th April 2024, Quiz Club NITWMythology Quiz-4th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
Mythology Quiz-4th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
 
Q-Factor General Quiz-7th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
Q-Factor General Quiz-7th April 2024, Quiz Club NITWQ-Factor General Quiz-7th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
Q-Factor General Quiz-7th April 2024, Quiz Club NITW
 
Faculty Profile prashantha K EEE dept Sri Sairam college of Engineering
Faculty Profile prashantha K EEE dept Sri Sairam college of EngineeringFaculty Profile prashantha K EEE dept Sri Sairam college of Engineering
Faculty Profile prashantha K EEE dept Sri Sairam college of Engineering
 

Perimeter 1

  • 1. Perimeter Adult Numeracy Level 2
  • 2. Perimeter At level 2 you need to understand and use given formulae for finding perimeters of regular shapes. (e.g. rectangular and circular surfaces)
  • 3.
  • 4. All the way round the edge . All the way round the edge . All the way round the edge. All the way round the edge. perimeter
  • 5. Perimeter To find the perimeter of an object or shape add the lengths of all the sides.
  • 6. Perimeter 3m 3m L W 2m 3m P = L + W + L + W = 2L + 2W Perimeter = Length + Width + Length + Width
  • 7. Calculate the distance round a playground of length 85m and breadth 68m. A 5786m B 306m ² C 0.306km D 300m Example question P = 2L + 2W = (2 x 85) + (2 x 68)m = 170 + 136m = 306m = 0. 306km
  • 8.
  • 9. Example question How many 2-metre-long fence panels are needed to go round the site? A 7 B 13 C 18 D 26 4m 2m 6m Length of fence = 2( 6 + 4 + 2) + 2 = 26m Number of panels = 26 ÷ 2 = 13
  • 10. circumference = 2 x pi x radius radius (r) diameter (d) c = 2 π r = π d circumference π = 3.14
  • 11. Circumference 2.5m 3m How much edging is needed to go round the shrub and paving sections of the garden? shrubs lawn paving c = π d = 3 x 2.5 = 7.5m c = π d = 3 x 3 = 9m Total length = 7.5 + 9 = 16.5m
  • 12. Formulae W L P = 2L + 2W diameter (d) c = π d π = 3.14 often rounded to 3