2. Energy Conservation
2
Energy conservation refers to reducing energy
consumption through using less of an energy service.
Driving less is an example of energy conservation.
It can result in increased environmental quality,
personal finical security and higher savings.
4. Energy Management
4
The effective use of energy to max. profits.
Objectives are resource conservation, climate
protection and cost savings.
5. What is Energy : Types
5
It is a ‘capacity to do work’
In modern era people depend upon energy
Fossil fuel like coal, oil & natural gas are main
source of energy
Energy can be classified into several types based
on the following criteria:
1. Primary and Secondary energy
2. Commercial and Non commercial energy
3. Renewable and Non-Renewable energy
6. Primary and Secondary energy
6
Primary energy source are those that are either
found or stored in nature. Common primary sources
are Coal, natural Gases, Oil, Nuclear, Biomass etc.
Primary energy sources are mostly converted in
industrial utilities in SECONDARY energy. Common
secondary energy are Electricity, Steam etc.
7. Commercial and Non commercial
energy
7
The energy available in market for a definite price is
call commercial energy.
Common Commercial energies are Coal, Electricity
and refined petroleum products.
The energy, not available is commercial market is
called non commercial energy.
Firewood, cattle dunk and agriculture waste comes
under this category.
These kind of energy is often ignored in energy
accounting.
8. Renewable and Non-Renewable
energy
8
Renewable energy is energy obtained from sources that
are essentially inexhaustible.
Examples of renewable resources include wind power,
solar power, geothermal energy, tidal power and
hydroelectric power.
Non-renewable energy is the conventional fossil fuels
such as coal, oil and gas, which are likely to deplete with
time.
11. Conventional Source of Energy
11
Coal, oil and natural gas are the major source of
energy from longtime
Still 80% energy requirement is fulfill by fossil fuel
Coal play a major role to run thermal power plant
Due to rapid industrialization, consumption increase
manifold
Oil and gas decide the economic condition of country
These resources are limited and must be conserve
12. Commercial form of Energy
12
Energy resource which is economical and technically
acceptable is known as commercial fuel
i.e. , after the invention of IC engine, oil become a
commercial fuel
For sustainable growth, people look forward for new
available form of energy
Nuclear and hydro energy is one of the clean fuel
and have a future
13. Global Energy Consumption
13
There is uneven pattern of energy consumption in
different country
Developed country have a population of 20%, use
approx. 60% of the available resources
Rate of growth in energy sector in developed country
is 1% to 2%, but in developing country growth rate is
7 to 8%.
15. Need to reform in Energy sector
15
Developing countries require substantial investments
in their power sectors to sustain economic growth
and reduce poverty
Fossil fuels are depleted and need proper care
Global pollution level increase and there is threat of
global warming
Kyoto Protocol sign by country to reduce carbon
emission
16. Global Energy Crises
16
Global Energy requirement increases continuously
Fuel resources are depleted
Oil price increase continuously
It put pressure on country economic
Oil war start (developed country pressurized oil rich
country)
World oil and gas reserves are
estimated at just 45 years and 65 years
respectively. Coal is likely to last a
little over 200 years
17. Energy Scenario in India
17
India is a seventh largest country and have a
population of 1.2 billion people
To maintain growth rate, need rapid growth in energy
sector
18. Energy scenario in India
18
41% of electricity generation from thermal power
plant.
By 2016-2017, total domestic energy production of
670 million tons of oil equivalent (MTOE). This meet
only 71% of the expected demand.
As per the 2011, 55.3% rural households had access
to electricity
Still most of the rural area have limited supply hours
of electricity
India ready to exploit renewable energy resources
19. Energy Conservation Act 2001
19
much-needed legal framework and institutional
arrangement for embarking on an energy efficiency drive
Energy auditing for designated consumer like energy
intensive industry, railway, commercial building, Power
Plant etc.
Establishment of Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE)
Role of BEE: standard and labels of appliances,
undertake promotional activity, prepare building codes,
maintain central energy conservation fund etc.
20. Future Energy Resources
20
Current rate of fossil fuel usage will lead to an
energy crisis in this century
Energy industry start inventing new ways to extract
energy from renewable sources
Due to lack of technology and economic
consideration, total shift toward renewable energy is
not possible
Nuclear energy have a future
Solar thermal plant, wind energy play a crucial role
to satisfy the energy demand
21. Renewable Energy and Sustainable
Development
21
Sustainable Development: “to meets the needs of the
present without compromising the ability of future”
Effect of conventional source of energy: air pollution, acid
precipitation, ozone depletion, forest destruction, and
emission of radioactive substances
There is shortage of energy in near future
more use of renewable energy sources and technologies
is one of the solution
Renewable energy is a direct or indirect form of solar
energy
Research is going on to make renewable energy
economical
Once technology develop in renewable energy field, it help
in national sustainable economic growth
22. Renewable Energy in India
22
Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE)
come in picture in 2006
It work to increase the share of renewable energy
3.74
1.77 2.39
0.21
2.21
19.93
0
5
10
15
20
25
Output in GW
23. Wind Energy
23
India have a wind potential of 50 GW at 50m height
Costal region in southern part of India is one of the
best site of wind energy
India is a fifth largest wind power producer in world
Wind energy sector is one of the fastest growing
renewable energy sector
Assessment of wind energy resource is done by C-
WET (Centre for Wind Energy Technology)
R&D and testing is done by C-WET
24. Biomass Power Programme
24
Objective of harnessing grid quality power from
biomass
Biomass material like bagasse, rice husk, cotton and
jute waste, de oiled cakes etc. are used to produce
energy
Bagasse based cogeneration in sugar mill have a
potential of 5000 MW
Biogas based generation in village using animal
waste
25. Small Hydro Plant
25
Hydro plant of capacity less than 25 MW
Estimated potential of small hydro plant is 20 GW
It help to provide electricity in remote area
Government plant to electrify boarder village of
Arunachal Pradesh using small hydro plant
AHEC (Alternative Hydro Energy Centre),IIT
Roorkee is work to design international level R&D
and testing facility
26. Solar Power
26
With about 300 clear, sunny days in a year, India
have abundant solar potential
Daily average solar energy incident over India varies
from 4 to 7 kWh/m2
National Solar Mission launch to encourage solar
energy
27. Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar
Mission
27
Launched on 11 January 2010
It aim:
1. Deployment of 20000 MW of grid connected solar
plant by 2022
2. 2000 MW of off grid solar application including 20
million solar lights by 2022
3. 20 million sq. meter of solar thermal collector
area
4. R&D and capacity building activities to achieve
grid parity by 2022
28. Renewable Energy Policy
Framework
28
Budgetary support for research, development and
demonstration of technologies
Financial Incentives, including for renewable
energy applications in rural areas
Promoting private investment through fiscal
incentives, tax holidays, depreciation allowance
and remunerative returns for power fed into the
grid.
Finance for renewable energy: IREDA
29. Research ORGANIZATION
29
Solar Energy Centre
Centre of Wind Energy Technology (C-WET)
AHEC (Alternative Hydro Energy Centre)
IREDA ( Indian Renewable Energy Development
Agency)
SECI (Solar Energy Corporation of India)
NCPRE (National Centre for Photovoltaic
Research and Education), IIT Bombay
Renewable energy centre in various IIT and NIT
30. Conclusion
30
India, one of the stable economic country depend
upon thermal power plant to meet 45 % demand
To make future brighter India gear up to utilize
renewable resources
Still the share of renewable energy is not significant
Various renewable energy mission launch by
government of India
Growth of renewable sector show that still in future
thermal plant is a main source of energy.
Nuclear plant and large hydro plant replace thermal
power plant in future
