More Related Content Similar to Introduction to GreenTouch (20) Introduction to GreenTouch2. 2020 ICT Carbon Footprint
820m tons CO2
360m tons CO2
2007 Worldwide ICT
carbon footprint:
2% = 830 m tons
CO2
Comparable to the
global aviation
industry
260m tons CO2
Expected to grow
The Climate Group, GeSI
to 4% by 2020 Report ―Smart 2020‖, 2008
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
3. Tightening Energy Bottleneck
Bandwidth, Services, A
pplications
Capacity limits for Deploying new
existing technology and Energy efficient
by power/thermal equipment
budgets
Publicly visible good-will
provided by being "Green" With energy costs sky-
Proactive stance in reducing Internet rocketing, increasing share
of operations cost
greenhouse gas emissions
Cooling is high percentage
Customers feel better about
of network power
service provider . . . leading
consumption (20% to 50%)
to revenue growth
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
4. Fiber Capacity Deficit or “Crunch”
Data
Penny Calls, What next?
24/7 Connection
10x
Gb/s
Traffic
Voice
Only call on Commercial
weekends Systems
1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Year
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
5. The Network Energy Gap
50
40 Mobile Traffic Internet
Data Backbone
30
Growth
Growing Gap!
20 Mobile
Efficiency
10
Wireline
Efficiency
2005 2010 2015 2020
Year Kilper, et. al., IEEE JSTQE 2011
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
6. Ideal Efficiency Improvements on BAU: Flat in 2020
Improving network efficiency at best keeps power consumption flat
over next decade
What happens after 2020?
Can only use ‗sleep modes‘ once
100 BAU Current technology will only
Power/User (W)
sustain us for another decade:
how do we go beyond?
10
Optimistic
Improvements
1
2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020
Year
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
7. ICT Industry Responds
First Step: metrics, awareness, standards, call to action
Global e-Sustainability Initiative (GeSI)
ITU-T
GreenGrid
Semiconductor Industry
Already Organized for the
Next Step: Cooperation, Action Long View:
EARTH: LTE 2x ITRS 15 years out
Mobile VCE: Green Radio 100x
Institute for Energy Efficiency: Wireless and Optical 100x
GreenTouch: ICT Networks 1000x
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
8. What is GreenTouch?
GreenTouch Mission
By 2015, our goal is to deliver the architecture, specifications and
roadmap — and demonstrate key components — needed to increase
network energy efficiency by a factor of 1000 from current levels.
Broad, open and global consortium executing research projects to
achieve aggressive goal
Roadmap organization establishing reference architectures and
research targets to overcome major challenges facing network
scaling and energy
Venue for cooperation and enabling demonstrations among research
organizations
Forum for the exchange of information on energy trends,
challenges, & research on communication networks
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
9. GreenTouch Members
AT&T Services France Telecom Swisscom
Athens Information Freescale Semiconductor TNO
Technology (AIT) Center Fujitsu Tsinghua University
for Research & Education Huawei TTI
Bell Labs, Alcatel-Lucent IBBT TU Dresden
Broadcom IMEC University College London
Carnegie Mellon INRIA University of Cambridge
University
CEA-LETI Applied KAIST University of Delaware
Research Institute for Karlsruhe Institute of University of L‘Aquila
Microelectronics Technology University of Leeds
China Mobile Katholieke Universiteit University of Manchester
Chunghwa Telecom Leuven (K.U. Leuven) University of Maryland
Columbia University King Abdulaziz City for University of Melbourne‘s
Science and Technology Institute for a Broadband-
Commscope/Andrew KT Corporation
Draka Communications Enabled Society (IBES)
National ICTA Australia University of New South
Dublin City University Nippon Telegraph and Wales
ETRI Telephone Corp University of Paderborn
ES Network/Lawrence Politecnico di Torino University of Rochester
Berkeley Labs Portugal Telecom
Fondazione Politecnico di University of Toronto
Inovação, S.A. Waterford Institute of
Milano Samsung (SAIT)
Fraunhofer-Geselleschaft Technology
Seoul National University ZTE
GreenTouch : Building the Roadmap | 2011
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
10. GreenTouch Organization
Executive Board
Gee Rittenhouse
Technical Committee Operations Committee
Dan Kilper, Shugong Xu Thierry V. Landegem, Kevin Kemp
Services, Applications Trends Network Committee
Steve Korotky , Bian Sen Kerry Hinton
Working
Groups
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
11. GreenTouch Working Groups
Working
Groups
Access Networks
Wireline Access Mobile Communications Core Networks
Networks U. Barth,
P. Vetter, L. Lefevre E. Calvanese-Strinati
Optical Networking & Switching
Transmission and Routing
W. Shieh, C. Dorize T. Klein, J. Elmirghani
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
12. GreenTouch Approach
Bottom Up Research Organization
Use of models to structure and guide research and
collaboration
Funding through member contributions & external
sources
Gauge impact of innovations on:
Alternative metrics (carbon footprint, network power,
embedded energy)
Adjacent technologies (data centers, handsets)
Measure, model and predict energy consumption in ICT
networks (equipment trends, traffic, deployment)
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
13. Targets and Challenges
2
How do we
10 prevent
this?
What are
Power/User (W)
1
10 Wireline Access
the major
technical
10
0
obstacles?
If we wait
-1
10 until
2020, won‘
t see
2010 2015 2020 solution
until 2030!
Year
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
14. Consortium 5 Year Goal
100 Define architectures
1000x Target
Demonstrate tech.
10
Use models for
Efficiency (Mb/s/W)
network in 2020 to
1
0.1 set technology
demonstration
0.01 Total Network: requirements
BAU
1E-3
1E-4
2010 2015 2020
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
Year
15. Use Architecture Models &
Targets to Track Progress
1000
Goal
Network Eff. Improvement
Remaining
targets achieved
100
12 targets
achieved
1 target
10 achieved
3 targets Architecture 1
Architecture 2
achieved Architecture 3
1
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Year
Define architectures and track research results
Identify targets for each architecture and update network efficiency in model
as targets are achieved
• Working groups define targets and evaluate completion
• Targets can be achieved within GreenTouch projects or from broader community
• Identify gaps in effort and solicit new activities
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
16. Modeling Provides Clear Picture of Goals
• Baseline year 2010
• Target year 2020
• GreenTouch results in five years: 2015
DRAFT
1.E+04
Efficiency in Mbps/W
GreenTouch 5 year Goal: Element efficiency demonstration
MODEL
targets for model 2020 network
1.E+03 Overall network efficiency
target in 2020
Efficiency in Target Year
1.E+02
1.E+01
1.E+00
1.E-01
1.E-02
1.E-03
1.E-04
Access Transport Rtg&Swg Mobile Overall
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
17. Roadmap Details Underway
GPON XGPON
After sleep mode Draft wireline access
2.0
cpe trend
Efficient HW design Draft Core Opt Ntwk
1.8
transponder model
1.6
Virtual HGW
1.4 Tx: P(W) Notes
BI PON Mux 0.40 10pJ/b
1.2 Driver 1.00 25pJ/b
(RF overlay)
Home gateway processor Laser 0.06 1.5pJ/b
Watt/User
Voice user interface Mod 0.16 4pJ/b
1.0
Data user interface (Ethernet and Wireless) Subtotal 1.62
PON digital
0.8 OE PON Rx:
PhotoRx 0.144 3.6pJ/b
0.6 Low power circuits DeMux
Subtotal
0.80
0.95
20pJ/b
beyond CMOS
0.4 2.56W 20%
+Inefficiencie 10.25W 80%
s
0.2
Pfunction 12.81W
Overheads 12.81W
0.0
Total 25.6W
2010 2011 2012 2013 2016 2017 2020
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
18. Structure
Services, Applications & Trends
Mobile Wireline Access Core Switching Core Optical
Communications Networks & Routing Networking &
Transmission
2000X 1600X 400X 20X
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
19. Some Research Projects…
Beyond Cellular – Green Mobile Networks
Virtual Home Gateway
Optimal End-to-End Resource Allocation
Service Energy Aware Optical Networks Steady
Green Transmission Technologies flow of
new
Minimum Energy Access Architectures
Projects
Single-Chip Linecards & coop.
Large-Scale Antenna Systems activities
Highly-Adaptive Layer Mesh Networks
Massive MIMO
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
20. First Technology Demonstration: Large Scale Antenna
Array Systems, Using MIMO to Focus RF Energy
Processing
Unit
Marzetta, T. L., IEEE Trans
Wireless Comm, Nov 2010
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
23. Simulating Current Antenna Technology
16 element antenna array
Antenna
End-user
Power used = 16W
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
24. Large Scale Antenna System Demonstration
Antenna
16 Antennas 16x power reduction!
Collaborators:
Bell Labs
Freescale
Huawei
imec End-user
Samsung
Power used = 1W
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
25. Beyond Cellular Mobile
Separating Data Network from Signaling Network
Data Network Signaling Network
Collaborators:
Polimi
Bell Labs
Huawei
Samsung
INRIA
Mobile Communications Working Group
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
26. Wireline Access DSP Platforms
for Wireless
Min. Energy Access Sleep Modes Home Network
Architectures Un-cooled Tunable
Lasers
Virtual Home Low Power Novel PON
Gateway OFDM in Optical Protocols; Low Fiber in the
Access Power Customer Home
Premises Equipment
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
27. Single-Chip Router Linecards
Multiple Cores
Cross-X
Optical
Fiber
Silicon CMOS
Photonics
Content
Cache
Hybrid Electronic – Photonic Chip
Core Switching & Routing Working Group
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
28. Cooperation Among Diverse Research Groups
& Consortia
Cooperating Project INTERNET: INTelligent Energy awaRe NETworks
Input
Thru port
Drop port
Add port
Backplane
Line cards
Zinwave
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
29. Current GreenTouch Projects
BCG2: Beyond Cellular Green Generation*
GTT: Green Transmission Technologies* *Cluster project made up of
LSAS: Large Scale Antenna Systems* several sub-projects/activities
Minimum Energy Access Architectures
Minimum energy access architecture demonstration
VHG: Virtual Home Gateway
OPERA: Optimal End to End Resource Allocation
STAR: Switching & Transmission
REPTILE: Router Power Measurements
Single Chip Linecard
ZeBRA: Zero Buffer Router Architectures
SEASON: Service Energy Aware Sustainable Optical Networks*
HALF MOON: Highly Adaptive Layer for Mesh On-off Optical Networks
EFICOST: Energy Efficient High Capacity OFDM Signal Transmission
Telecommunication Audits and Data Aggregation
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
30. GreenTouch Project Process
Project concept
Technical Committee
presented to
discusses and
relevant WG(s); Relevant WG(s)
approves the
project proposal discusses and
proposal; passes
prepared endorses the
funding requests
incorporating any in- proposal
onto the Executive
kind or cash funding
Board
from partners
Includes endorsement
of contributed or
cooperative projects
& activities
Opportunity for Members can direct
members to donations for the purpose
review, solicit, & fund of funding projects or
projects or make in-kind activities, or make a
contributions general contribution
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
31. Initial Activities
Build research program
First technology demonstration spring 2011
Establish common reference architecture
Define primary research targets
Establish expected trends on key metrics to 2020
Provide international forum for cooperation and
exchange of ideas on energy research topics
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
32. New Approaches: Focus on Energy
New devices
• Analog vs digital, best use of optics and electronics
• Old ideas finding new life: large scale MIMO
New architectures
• trade-off transmission/bandwidth and processing, distributed versus
centralized
New protocols
• Longer packet sizes or no packets at all for certain applications
Service optimized networks
• Move away from one size fits all—use most energy efficiency hardware for
the service
• Coordinate service delivery/applications with network hardware operation
Restructuring layers, architectures, feature options
• How much do way pay in energy for convenience? duplicated functions (FEC)?
• What technologies do we really need in order to support the essential
capabilities?
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
33. Minimizing Processing
Repetition
• Unnecessary router hops
• Inter-operator exchange Separate what is
• Multiple transmissions needed from what
Remove processing from the data path is convenience
• Separate control channel?
Focus on Service
• Content delivery vs. browsing vs messaging
Push to the edges
• FEC
• Security, policy processing
Simplified Addressing
• Geographic addressing/binary switching
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
34. A Scalable Internet: Holistic Re-Design
Processing
• New addressing—transparent data flow
• End-to-End—security, FEC
Back to the Future
• Optimized hardware for given task: service differentiation
– Take the movies out of the routers
How many layers do we need?
How do protocols and algorithms impact hardware design?
How do we unlock physical potential—small cells, efficient MIMO?
What is the real energy cost for the features and functions
supported in the network?
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
35. Opportunities
A global organization dedicated to the long
300 term sustainability of ICT networks
ANNUAL GROWTH RATE (%)
Tackle major problems end-to-end, full
250
picture
200 Lay the foundation technologies
150 Clear vision for future: roadmap
100 Future is a different
game than the past
50
0
1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
YEAR
© 2011-2012 GreenTouch Consortium
Editor's Notes Whatisbeyondthese values?There’s a hugepotential for more efficient elements in all parts of the network. The research effort willbe immense. Only a collaboration between the main playerswilllead to achieving the goal. How an antenna connects to an end-user.The wireless signal is broadcast equally to an entire sector when connecting to an end-user. How an antenna connects to an end-user.The wireless signal is broadcast equally to an entire sector when connected to an end-user. Energy use is high. Most energy is wasted. Antenna prototype simulates action of current antennas. The wireless signal is broadcast equally to an entire sector when connected to an end-user. Energy use is high. Most energy is wasted.Only one antenna column is powered to simulate a call to an end-user. Simulated action of the prototype Large Scale Antenna System.The Large Scale Antenna System focuses the wireless signal to the end-user. Energy efficiency is improved 16X!All antenna columns are powered to simulate a call to an end-user.