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Open Hardware at CERN - a quick introduction by Javier Serrano
- 1. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Open Hardware at CERN A quick introduction Javier Serrano CERN, Geneva, Switzerland Gathering for Open Science Hardware CERN, Geneva, Switzerland 2 March 2016 Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 2. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Outline 1 Introduction 2 Open Source Hardware 3 Past challenges 4 Future challenges 5 Conclusions Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 3. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Outline 1 Introduction 2 Open Source Hardware 3 Past challenges 4 Future challenges 5 Conclusions Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 4. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions CERN’s mission Do basic science Components of matter Interactions Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 5. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions CERN’s mission Do basic science Components of matter Interactions Communicate! Results of research Any other developments of use to society, coordinated by the Knowledge Transfer group Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 6. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Science and Open Source Open Source is good. . . For avoiding duplication of effort For getting peer review For maximizing impact on society For avoiding vendor lock-in For guaranteeing basic freedoms to the users Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 7. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Science and Open Source Open Source is good. . . For avoiding duplication of effort For getting peer review For maximizing impact on society For avoiding vendor lock-in For guaranteeing basic freedoms to the users And isn’t this how fundamental research works too? Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 8. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Accelerators Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 9. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions The LHC Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 10. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Detectors Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 11. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions An international organization Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 12. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions The CERN Convention Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 13. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions CERN and openness Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 14. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Beams – Controls – Hardware & Timing Our place at CERN Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 15. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Beams – Controls – Hardware & Timing Our place at CERN Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 16. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Open source and the unexpected Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 17. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions A basic question Could hardware design be as easy to share as software? Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 18. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Outline 1 Introduction 2 Open Source Hardware 3 Past challenges 4 Future challenges 5 Conclusions Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 19. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions There is an OSHW definition! Check out http://www.oshwa.org/definition/ Inspired by the Open Source definition for software. Focuses on ensuring freedom to study, modify, distribute, make and sell designs or hardware based on those designs. Now we know exactly what we mean when we say OSHW! Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 20. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Layers of openness Openness is more important when the freedoms it affords can be easily used by many. Free access to knowledge and the ability of many to do something useful with it can trigger “revolutions”, like the printing press, the industrial revolution and the Internet. Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 21. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Empowerment Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 22. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions So could this trigger a revolution? Distributed design and manufacturing has become available to many. Mass production still means big players can manufacture more cheaply. But other motivations (ecology, independence. . . ) could trigger a customer-driven change of scenario in the future. Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 23. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Outline 1 Introduction 2 Open Source Hardware 3 Past challenges 4 Future challenges 5 Conclusions Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 24. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Example of a project in the Open Hardware Repository (ohwr.org) Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 25. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions SPEC: Simple PCI Express FMC carrier Made in Spain, The Netherlands & Poland Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 26. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions CERN Open Hardware License – ohwr.org/cernohl Provides a solid legal basis Developed in collaboration with Knowledge Transfer Group at CERN. Better suited than non-HW licenses (GNU GPL, Creative Commons. . . ) Defines conditions for using and modifying licensed material. Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 27. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions CERN Open Hardware License – ohwr.org/cernohl Provides a solid legal basis Developed in collaboration with Knowledge Transfer Group at CERN. Better suited than non-HW licenses (GNU GPL, Creative Commons. . . ) Defines conditions for using and modifying licensed material. Provides a clear legal environment Written in a clear, concise style. Easy for licensors to evaluate if it is good for them. Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 28. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions CERN Open Hardware License – ohwr.org/cernohl Inspired by FOSS licenses Anyone can see the source (design documentation). Anyone is free to study, modify, manufacture and share. Any modification and distribution must happen under same license. Persistence makes everyone benefit from improvements. Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 29. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions CERN Open Hardware License – ohwr.org/cernohl Inspired by FOSS licenses Anyone can see the source (design documentation). Anyone is free to study, modify, manufacture and share. Any modification and distribution must happen under same license. Persistence makes everyone benefit from improvements. Takes into account hardware production and distribution When producing and distributing licensee is invited to inform the licensor. Distributed HW must come with documentation. Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 30. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Business models Dispelling the commercial vs open myth Commercial Non-commercial Open Proprietary Winning combination. Best of both worlds. Whole support burden falls on developers. Not scalable. Vendor lock-in. Dedicated non-reusable projects. Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 31. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Free-as-in-freedom design tools Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 32. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Outline 1 Introduction 2 Open Source Hardware 3 Past challenges 4 Future challenges 5 Conclusions Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 33. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Economic Some people would like to but cannot afford to work on open source. Can some bright economist work out a solution? What scarcity should be monetized? Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 34. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Legal Licensing of free software is mostly based on copyright. This has limits when applied to hardware. We may need to explore other instruments, like trademarks. Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 35. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions What role for public institutions? The goal of many public institutions is not to maximize their own profit, but impact on society. We need tools to quantify impact of OSHW and free software, and a bit of organization. Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 36. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Outline 1 Introduction 2 Open Source Hardware 3 Past challenges 4 Future challenges 5 Conclusions Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 37. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Interplay between public and private actors Seven years of experience at CERN Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN
- 38. Introduction Open Source Hardware Past challenges Future challenges Conclusions Looking forward to discussing with you all! Javier Serrano Open Hardware at CERN