Sinatra

Nicolás Sanguinetti

foca

http://entp.com

Un ejemplo
require quot;rubygemsquot;
require quot;sinatraquot;

get quot;/helloquot; do
quot;<h1>Hello World</h1>quot;
end

y lo guardamos como hello.rb

Un ejemplo

$ gem install sinatra
$ ruby hello.rb
== Sinatra has taken the stage ...
>> Listening on 0.0.0.0:4567

URLs Parametrizables
get quot;/hello/:namequot; do |name|
# también con params[:name]
quot;<h1>Hello #{name}</h1>quot;
end

Vistas
get quot;/hello/:namequot; do |name|
@name = name
erb :hello
end

y en views/hello.erb

<h1>Hello <%= @name %></h1>

Layouts
ponemos en views/layout.erb
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC quot;-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//ENquot;
quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtdquot;>
<html lang=quot;enquot;>
<head>
<title>Hello <%= @name || quot;Worldquot; %>
</head>
<body>
<%= yield %>
</body>
</html>

y todas nuestras vistas se renderean
“adentro” de esta (reemplazando al yield)

HTTP
get quot;/...quot; do put quot;/...quot; do
quot;...quot; quot;...quot;
end end

post quot;/...quot; do delete quot;/...quot; do
quot;...quot; quot;...quot;
end end

Pero PUT y DELETE...
<form action=quot;/put/actionquot; method=quot;postquot;>
<input type=quot;hiddenquot;
name=quot;_methodquot;
value=quot;putquot;>
...
</form>

Blog en 15 minutos *

* para valores relativos de 15

necesitamos guardar los posts en algún lado, así que...

Usando un ORM con Sinatra
(por ejemplo, DataMapper)

require quot;dm-corequot;
require quot;do_sqlite3quot;
load quot;lib/models.rbquot;

configure do
DataMapper.setup(:default, quot;sqlite3:blog.dbquot;)
end

lib/models.rb
class Post
include DataMapper::Resource

property :id, Serial
property :title, String, :nullable => false
property :permalink, String, :nullable => false
property :body, Text, :nullable => false

before :valid?, :set_permalink

has n, :comments

private
def set_permalink
self.permalink = title.gsub(/s+/, quot;-quot;)
end
end

class Comment
include DataMapper::Resource

property :id, Serial
property :post_id, Integer, :nullable => false
property :author, String, :nullable => false
property :body, Text, :nullable => false

belongs_to :post
end

Creemos un Post entonces
get quot;/newquot; do
@post = Post.new
erb :new
end

post quot;/quot; do
@post = Post.new(params[:post])

if @post.save
redirect quot;/#{@post.permalink}quot;
else
erb :new
end
end

views/new.erb

<form method=quot;postquot; action=quot;/quot;>
<div><label for=quot;post_titlequot;>Title</label>
<input type=quot;textquot;
name=quot;post[title]quot;
id=quot;post_titlequot;
value=quot;<%= @post.title %>quot;></div>
<div><label for=quot;post_bodyquot;>Your Article</label>
<textarea id=quot;post_bodyquot;
name=quot;post[body]quot;
rows=quot;20quot;
cols=quot;40quot;><%= @post.body %></textarea>
</div>
<div><button type=quot;submitquot;>Post new article</button> or
<a href=quot;/#{@post.permalink}quot;>go back</a>.</div>
</form>

Listando posts

get quot;/quot; do
@posts = Post.all
erb :index
end

views/index.erb
<h2>All Posts</h2>

<ul id=quot;postsquot;>
<% for post in @posts %>
<li class=quot;postquot;>
<h2>
<a href=quot;/<%= post.permalink %>quot;>
<%= post.title %>
</a>
</h2>

<%= post.body %>
</li>
<% end %>
</ul>

Un paréntesis: helpers!

helpers do
def post_path(post)
quot;/#{post.permalink}quot;
end
end

Mostrando un post

@post = Post.first(:permalink => permalink)
erb :show
end

views/show.erb

<h2>
<a href=quot;<%= post_path(@post) %>quot;>
<%= @post.title %>
</a>
</h2>

<%= @post.body %>

<div><a href=quot;/quot;>Go back to the list</a></div>

Parentesis: “partials”
views/post.erb
<h2>
<a href=quot;<%= post_path(post) %>quot;>
<%= post.title %>
</a>
</h2>

<%= post.body %>

views/post.erb
<%= erb(:post, :layout => false, :locals => { :post => @post }) %>
<div><a href=quot;/quot;>Go back to the list</a></div>

Comentarios
@comment = Comment.new
erb :show
end

post quot;/:permalink/commentsquot; do |permalink|
@comment = @post.comments.build(params[:comment])

if @comment.save
redirect post_path(@post)
else
erb :show
end
end

y en show.erb
<div id=quot;commentsquot;>
<ul>
<% for comment in @post.comments %>
<li><p><%= escape_html comment.body %></p>
<address>—<%= escape_html comment.author %></address></li>
<% end %>
</ul>

<form method=quot;postquot; action=quot;<%= post_path(@post) %>/commentsquot;>
<div><label for=quot;comment_authorquot;>Name</label>
<input type=quot;textquot;
name=quot;comment[author]quot;
id=quot;comment_authorquot;
value=quot;<%= @comment.author %>quot;></div>
<div><label for=quot;comment_bodyquot;>Your Comment</label>
<textarea id=quot;comment_bodyquot;
name=quot;comment[body]quot;
rows=quot;6quot;
cols=quot;40quot;><%= @comment.body %></textarea></div>
<div><button type=quot;submitquot;>Leave Comment</button></div>
</form>
</div>

Embelleciendo un poco...
ponemos en views/layout.erb
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC quot;-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//ENquot;
quot;http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtdquot;>
<html lang=quot;enquot;>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=quot;Content-Typequot;
content=quot;text/html; charset=utf-8quot;>
<link href=quot;/styles.cssquot; rel=quot;stylesheetquot; type=quot;text/cssquot;>
<title><%= page_title %></title>
</head>
<body>
<div id=quot;headerquot;>
<h1><%= page_title %></h1>
</div>
<%= yield %>
</body>
</html>

helpers do
def post_path(post)
quot;/#{post.permalink}quot;
end

def page_title
if @post && !@post.new_record?
quot;Awesome Blog | #{@post.title}quot;
else
quot;Awesome Blogquot;
end
end
end


public/styles.css

y editar y borrar...
para la próxima

es una interfaz
entre servidores
y frameworks

class RackIsEasy
def initialize(app)
@app = app
end

def call(env)
[200, {quot;Content-Typequot; => quot;text/htmlquot;}, [quot;Okquot;]]
end
end

class AndRackIsPotentiallyDumb
def initialize(app)
@app = app
end

def call(env)
@app.call(env)
end
end

HTTP
app_1

Middlewares
app_2

app_3

App
app_4

http://mwrc2009.confreaks.com/ – Jon Crosby

por ejemplo, caching:
class MightyCache
def initialize(app)
@app = app
end

def call(env)
if response = cache_hit?(env)
response
else
cache_store(env, @app.call(env))
end
end

# def cache_hit?, cache_store, etc
end

Rails Metals
en app/metal/api.rb
class Api
def self.call(env)
if env[quot;PATH_INFOquot;] =~ /^/stuff.json/
[200, {quot;Content-Typequot; => quot;application/jsonquot;}, quot;{}quot;]
else
[404, {quot;Content-Typequot; => quot;application/jsonquot;}, quot;quot;]
end
end
end

Hard Metal Frank Sinatra
Sinatra on Rails

El ejemplo anterior:
class Api < Sinatra::Base
get quot;/stuffquot;, :provides => quot;application/jsonquot; do
quot;{}quot;
end
end

y en config/environment.rb
config.gem quot;sinatraquot;

Preguntas?
Questions?

http://github.com/foca/sinatra-example-blog
contacto@nicolassanguinetti.info

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