7. Closed Loop Value Chain Implications for future value chains Materials Sourcing Distribution logistics Sales and retail Manufacturing Consumption and use Disposal Manufacturing Waste Logistics waste Packaging waste Consumption / use waste Product waste Linear Value Chain Limited recycling Manufacturing Material sourcing Distribution logistics Sales and retail Consumption / use Reverse logistics Manufacturing process reuse Manufacturing Materials Sourcing Distribution Logistics Sales and Retail Consumption and Use Product Recycling and Materials Recovery Logistics waste and auxiliary products reuse Product and by-product reuse Waste from consumption