A lecture I almost had to give as a 'stand-in' for one of my colleagues. Probably the fastest I've ever prepared a lecture and the first time I have taken someone else's notes and effectively given them a 'presentation make-over. Never did give it but it seems pointless having it sitting around on my hard drive.

1. triglycerides
ur p art 5
nit fo g.j.rowlands
u
©anna_t@flickr

2. fats
can
©*Micky@flickr
taste...

3. ©Mrs Magic@flickr
good!

4. provide
more energy
than
carbohydrate
or protein
©swisscan@flickr

5. but...

6. is
not
very
good for s
u
©Pixar / Disney

7. O
O
O
O
O
O
triglycerides

8. OH
OH
OH
glycerol
triglyceride
formation

9. OH
O
OH 3x HO R
OH
glycerol fatty acid
triglyceride
formation

10. OH
O
OH 3x HO R
OH
glycerol fatty acid
O
O R
O
O R
O R
triglyceride
O triglyceride formation

11. natural
fats and oils
©Shereen M (away)@flickr

12. fatty acids
O
HO
myristic acid
©JustABigGeek@flickr

13. fatty acids
O
HO
oleic acid

14. fatty acids
O
HO
©Chris & Lara Pawluk@flickr
linolenic acid

15. saturated
fat
O
HO
©Thomas Hawk@flickr

16. unsaturated
fat
O
HO
©darwin bell@flickr

17. O
HO
polyunsaturated
fat ©Marco Veringa@flickr

18. always
cis-alkenes
O
HO

19. trans-fatty are processed
acids
O
HO
©cultr.sun@flickr

20. saturated
chains
CO2H

21. saturated
chains
CO2H
pack well

22. high
melting points
©niznoz@flickr
solids

23. kinked
unsaturated
chains
CO2H

24. kinked
unsaturated
chains
CO2H
don’t

25. low
melting points
©☻mrhappy☻@flickr
oils

26. reactions
©euthman@flickr

27. O
HO
addition
Br Br
reactions
O Br
Br
HO

28. O
HO
H H
metal
catalyst
hydrogenation
O H
H
HO

29. O unsaturated
HO
H H
metal
catalyst
hydrogenation
O H
H
HO
saturated

30. of
synthesis
margarine
©NontrivialMatt@flickr

31. ester
hydrolysis
O NaOH O
R2 HO R2
R1 O R1 O Na
saponification

33. ester hydrolysis
O
O
O
O
O
O
NaOH
H2O
OH
3x O
OH
Na O
OH

34. soap
O
Na O

35. how
does
soap
work?

36. O
Na O
polar non-polar
hydrophilic hydrophobic

37. micelle
hydrophobic
pocket

38. micelle hydrophilic
carboxylate
interacts
with water
ion-dipole
interactions

39. grease / dirt
hydrophobic

40. non-polar
micelle
hydrophobic
portion inside
away from water

41. detergents
polar non-polar
hydrophilic hydrophobic
head tail

42. synthesis of a
detergent
H2SO4
electrophilic
aromatic substitution
HO3S
NaOH
Na O3S

43. stronger
acid
more
©fdecomite@flickr
robust

44. anionic
detergent
O
S
O
O

45. cationic
detergent
N
Cl

46. cationic
detergent
N
Cl
germicidal
©AJC1@flickr

47. fatty acid
metabolism

48. 1 hydrolysis
O
O
O
O
O
O
your
belly
OH
3x O
OH
O
OH

49. 2 metabolism
O
O
CoA-SH
esterification
(coenzyme A)
O
CoA
S
dehydrogenation H H
O
CoA
S

50. 2 metabolism
O
CoA
S
hydration H2O
O OH
CoA
S
H
oxidation H H
O O
CoA
S

51. 2 metabolism
O O
CoA
S
CoA-SH C–C
(coenzyme A) splitting
O
CoA
S
O
CoA
S

52. and
repeat
©estherase@flickr

53. energy
from
breaking
bonds
C H
©laverrue@flickr

54. O
HO
more
C–H
than
O
HO

55. fat
stores
2x
energy
of
©Great Beyond@flickr
sugar

56. thanks
to
Trevor Kitson