6. IVC, SVC RA overload RV dialated PA dialated Pulmonary congestion Pulmonary veins LA LV volume decreased Aortic volume decreased Systemic volume decreased ASD

8. Why the left atrium is no enlarge with ASD ？ LV RV LA RA

15. Subcostal four chamber view

19. 返回

24. Amplatzer 双盘样闭合器

25. After plantation 四腔位 正位

30. VSD classification 1: membranes 2:outflow 3:inflow 4:muscular ① ② ③ ④

32. IVC, SVC RA RV dialated PA dialated Pulmonary congestion LA overload LV overload Aortic volume decreased Systemic volume decreased VSD Hemodynamic changes in VSD Pulmonary blood overload

33. Hemodynamic changes in VSD

35. Why the left atrium can enlarge with VSD? LV RV LA RA

37. In moderate- large VSD CXR: cardiac enlargement and increased PA flow ECG: may variable In large defect CXR:marked cardiomegaly,and increased pulmonary Vascularity ECG: RVH, LVH, or both Echocardiography: defining position and size Doppler echo: estimate the pulmonary systolic pressure

43. patch Direct to sow up 返回

44. Orbit way ： FV ->IVC ->RA->RV ->VSD -> LV ->AAO ->DAO ->FA

50. Hemodynamic changes in PDA RA RV PA congestion PA congestion LV dialated Ao Systemic volume decreased PA dialated Descending ao dialatd Ascending ao dialatd PH Diastolic BP decreased PDA LA dialated

52. Patent Ductus Arteriosus RA LA RV LV PA Ao

56. Left atrium and ventricular hypertrophy

57. 肺多血，肺动脉段

63. 蘑菇伞堵塞术（图示） PDA

74. cyanosis

75. Squatting 蹲踞

76. Thrombosis

77. Clubbing

80. Boot -shape

85. cyanosis  RVOT contract R  Lshunt  hyperpnea Sat%  Venous return  R  Lshunt  hyperpnea

87. Blalock-Taussig The anastomosis between Subclavian artery and Ipsilateral PA Gor-tex interposition shunt between Subclavian artery and Ipsilateral PA

88. Conventional repair surgery