2. CHLOROPHYCEAE
• Fritsch (1935) - Chlorophyceae
• Chloros- Green
• Alexopoulus & Bold (1967) - 425 Genra
-6500 Species
More than 20000 species
3. Chlorophyceae (Grass Green algae)
• Chloroplasts have pyrenoids
• Reserve food material is starch
• Starch grains are usually aggregated
around the pyrenoids
• Main pigments are Chlorophyll a,
Chlorophyll b, Carotenoids and
Xanthophylls
• Flagella, if present, are of equal length,
whiplash type and inserted at the
anterior end
5. HABITATS
• Fresh water, brakish water,salty water terrestrial
• Siphonales and Ulvales – Marin water
• Oedogoniales and Conjugales – Fresh water
• Volvocales,Cladophorales and Chaetophorales
-Sea as well as fresh water
6. Range of vegetative structure
• Motile forms
-Unicellular
-Colonial
• Filamentous forms
- Unbranched filamentous forms
- Foliaceous forms
- Branched filamentous forms
• Hetrotrichous forms
• Siphonaceous forms
• Chara like forms
• Palmella forms
• Coccoid forms
9. MOTILE COLONIAL FORMS
• The gelatinous colony call as coenobium
• Pascheriella 4 cell two tiers of 2 cell
• Gonium 4,8,16 or 32 cell flate,plate- like
• Pediastrum 8,16 or 32 cell
PediastrumGonium
10. Motile colonial Forms
• Pandorina 4,8,16 or 32 cell spherical to ellipsoidal
(compactly arranged)
• Eudoriana 8,16,32 or 64 cell (loosely arranged)
Pandorina Eudorina
11. Motile colonial Forms
• Pleodorina up to 132 cell
• Volvox 500 to 50000
• Hydrodictyon Net like
Pleodorina Volvox Hydrodictyon
12. UNICELLULAR SEDENTARY FORMS
• Desmids – various diversity in shape
(specialised cells).
• Uninucleate, two semicells, complicated and
distinct wall.Cosmarium, Closterium
• Charasiosiphon
20. Branched Filamentous Forms
• Lateral outgrowth of one or many cells.
• Branches may undergo further branching just as
main axis (Cladophora, Pithophora) (Branching
more in aerial portion).
Cladophora Pithophora
24. BRANCHING PATTERN
• Stigeoclonium & Fritschiella – Both system well
developed
• Coleochaete & Aphanochaete – Prostrate system well
developed, erect reduced to few hair.
• Chaetophora – Erect system more develop.
• Draparnaldia – Prostrate system completely
suppresed.
28. SIPHONACEOUS FORMS
• Coenocytic, with large central vacuole
• Simplest form Protosiphon – (green, minute,
aerial vesicular portion and colourless,
rhizoidal portion )
33. CHARA LIKE FORM
• Main axis exhibits unlimited power of growth
• Nodes and internodes.
• From each node arises lateral branches of limited growth
• Chara ,Nitella
34. PALMELLA FORMS
• Tempory stage in life cycle.
• Dominate in Tetrasporaceae, Palmellaceae (motile phase
– only in reproduction).
• Gelatinous colony (Chlamydomonas without flagella).
• Colony may definite or amorphous.
• Round (Sphaerocystes), Pear shaped (Apiocystis)
Branched cylindrical (Palmodictyon).
36. COCCOID FORMS
• Sedentary life.
• Simplest Chlorococcus and Chlorella (Chlamydomonas
structure without contractile. Vacuole and eye spot).
• Chloroplast of various shape.
• Coenobium of various shape.
Chlorococcus Chlorella