Vagrant
and Configuration Management
The Guardian 1st April 2011
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morethanseven.net
Gareth Rushgrove
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freeagentcentral.com
Work at FreeAgent
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Blog at morethanseven.net
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Currate devopsweekly.com
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- Not all developers want to be sysadmins
- New employees or contractors starting
- Works on my machine syndrome
- Advantage to running a full stack locally
- local service based architectures
Problems
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- Virtualisation
- Configuration management
- Vagrant
Solutions
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Virtualisation needs powerful hardware
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VirtualBox
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VMware
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vagrantup.com
Vagrant
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- Automated virtual machine creation using Oracle’s VirtualBox
- Automated provisioning of virtual environments using Chef or Puppet
- Full SSH access to created environments
- Assign a static IP to your VM, accessible from your machine
- Forward ports to the host machine
- Shared folders allows you to continue using your own editor
- Package environments into distributable boxes
- Completely tear down environment when you’re done
- Easily rebuild a complete environment with a single command
What is Vagrant?
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$ gem install vagrant
$ vagrant box add lucid32 http://.../lucid32.box
$ vagrant init
$ vagrant up
Vagrant up
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Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.box = "lucid32"
end
Vagrantfile
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Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.forward_port("web", 80, 8080)
config.vm.forward_port("ftp", 21, 4567)
config.vm.forward_port("ssh", 22, 2222, :auto => true)
end
Port forwarding
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Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.share_folder("folder", "/guest", "../host")
end
Shared folders
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Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.define :web do |web_config|
web_config.vm.box = "web"
web_config.vm.forward_port("http", 80, 8080)
end
config.vm.define :db do |db_config|
db_config.vm.box = "db"
db_config.vm.forward_port("db", 3306, 3306)
end
end
Multiple VMs
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Base boxes
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VeeWee
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Chef
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Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef|
chef.roles_path = "roles"
chef.add_role("vm")
end
end
Vagrant provisioning with Chef
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Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.provision :chef_server do |chef|
chef.chef_server_url = "http://chefserver"
chef.add_role("vm")
end
end
Vagrant provisioning with Chef Server
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Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef|
chef.recipe_url = "http://github.com/cookbooks.tar.gz"
chef.add_recipe "garethr"
chef.cookbooks_path = [:vm, "cookbooks"]
chef.json.merge!({ :garethr => {
:ohmyzsh => "https://github.com/.../oh-my-zsh.git",
:dotvim => "https://github.com/garethr/dotvim.git"
}})
end
end
Remote Tar File
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Puppet
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Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.provision :puppet do |puppet|
puppet.manifests_path = "puppetmanifests"
puppet.manifest_file = "newbox.pp"
end
end
Vagrant provisioning with Puppet
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Vagrant::Config.run do |config|
config.vm.provision :puppet_server do |puppet|
puppet.puppet_server = "puppet.example.com"
puppet.puppet_node = "vm.example.com"
end
end
Vagrant provisioning with Puppet Server
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- Executable documentation
- Early and often testing of configuration
- Shared language between dev and ops
Advantages
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Questions?
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