30. Does use of extractive foods correlate with large brains? Not really
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52. Figure 09.07c Does social complexity correlate with large brains? Yes: better than with frugivory or extraction
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Editor's Notes
Not 100% sure, but I think the “M” in the diamond is the average for mammals in general, the “C” is carnivores, the “U” is ungulates, etc.
The neocortex ratio (the ratio of the volume of the neocortex to the volume of the rest of the brain) is plotted against the amount of fruit in the diet
Durian fruit site: ask your produce seller to show you how to open them
The neocortex ratio (the ratio of the volume of the neocortex to the volume of the rest of the brain) is plotted against extractive versus nonextractive foraging techniques
How else might you explain this? <sub using phys cues?> no, still behave the same even if sub released first, no cues to go by> What about monkeys? <sub only go towards hidden food if dom and sub released simultaneously - using cues, not understanding of seeing = knowing>
What else - what other context would mind reading be useful? Mating competition Alliance formation
The neocortex ratio (the ratio of the volume of the neocortex to the volume of the rest of the brain) is plotted against group size. Primates who live in large groups have larger neocortex ratios than those who live in smaller groups. But what does group size mean or measure, really? What would be a better way to measure social complexity? Can a single measure really capture the suite of modular cognitive abilities that we label complex or smart?
Social hypothesis explains catarrhine intelligence, ecological hypo explains why apes are even more intelligent
Used frequency of grooming - part of same clique if groomed more often than the mean rate of grooming among all dyads Calculated mean clique size for each species - though reality clique size increases with group size, and then asympototes and declines as group size gets larger…only so many relationships are possible in a large group Humans (A) = empathy group…similar to other clique size measures for humans Humans (b) = support group - who you would ask for support in times of trouble & hair grooming networks in Kung! (average)
Executive brain = neocortex volume + striatum (internal part - planning & modulation of movement pathways, reward center, novelty-related decision making behavior) Brain stem ratio to ex brain rather than body mass - better indicator of relative growth of these executive brain parts compared to the brain part necessary to maintain the body size
![The main question ,[object Object]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)