The document discusses different types of radiation including ionizing radiation like alpha, beta, and gamma rays. It describes their properties and how they are emitted from radioactive atoms. It also covers radiation units, health effects of radiation exposure, and common sources of radiation including medical uses, consumer products, space exploration, and nuclear power. Radiation is used for a variety of applications but also poses health risks if exposure limits are exceeded.

1. Basics of Radiation NC Radiation Protection Section- DENR NC Health Physics Society

2. What is "Radiation"? Travels in Waves High Speed Particles ENERGY Energy

4. Ionizing ionizes [strips electrons from] atoms Basic Types of Radiation Non-Ionizing many other modes of interaction

5. Non-Ionizing Radiation Radiation that has enough energy to move atoms in a molecule around or cause them to vibrate, but not enough energy to remove electrons from the atom.

10. Courtesy of David C Howell, Radiation Safety Officer-Wake Forest University-Baptist Medical Center

11. Radioactivity Property of some atoms to spontaneously give off energy as particles or rays Caused by instability in the atom’s nucleus or an excess of energy Radioactive atoms try to achieve stability by throwing off Protons or Neutrons, other particles, or by releasing excess energy in other forms

12. Stable Radioactive Decay Process

15. Risk Dose (in addition to natural background radiation) Linear No-Threshold Risk Model

16. Health Effects of Radiation 

17. Cell Sensitivity Most sensitive cells: Rapidly dividing cells (Small intestines, bone marrow, hair, fetus) Least sensitive cells: Slowly dividing cells (brain, nerves)

20. Radiation Effects 500 – 600 Skin Skin erythema 350 Testis Permanent sterility 300 – 500 Skin Temporary hair loss 300 GI Vomiting 250 – 600 Ovaries Permanent sterility 200 Skin Reversible skin effects 50 Bone Marrow Blood cell depression Dose (rad) Organ Health Effect

22. Radiation Protection Time Distance Shielding Containment

23. Sources of Radiation in the USA

24. Radiation Uses

32. Nuclear Power

33. Map of U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regions Commercial Nuclear Power Reactors in The United States

37. Radioactive Waste

38. Locations of Operating LLRW Facilities in the U.S. U.S. Ecology Facility Richland, WA Chem Nuclear Facility Barnwell, S.C. Envirocare Facility Clive, UT

39. Thank you for your attention Any Questions?