3. The form of Country
On 1 January 1912,
the Republic of China
was established.
The form of China
country is Republic. It
is commonly has
been known as
Taiwan. It is an
independent in East
Asia , that consist of
Taiwan island ,
Penghu island ,
Kinmen island , Matsu
island and small
islands.
•
China Map
4. Bordered of China Country
China is bordered
In the North by :
- Kazakhastan
- Russia
- Mongolia
5. Bordered of China Country
China is bordered
in the South by :
- Nepal
- Bhutan
- India
- Myanmar
- Laos
- Vietnam
- South China Sea
6. Bordered of China Country
China is bordered
in the West by :
- Kryg
- Tajik
- Pakistan
- India
7. Bordered of China Country
China is bordered
in the East by :
North Korea
Japan
Japan Sea
East China Sea
Pacific Ocean
8. The Republic of China evolved into a
democratic state during the 1980s without
widespread conflict. It has a loose
presidential system and universal suffrage.
The President serves as the head of state and
commander-in-chief of the armed forces. The
Yuan Legislative is the country's legislature .
9. The ROC is a member of
the WTO and APEC. It is
one of the Four Asian
Tigers, and has an
industrialized advance
economy. The largest 26th
in the world, its advanced
technology industry plays
a key role in the global
economy. The ROC is
high ranked in terms of
freedom of the press,
health care, public
education and economic
freedom .
10. The head of the government
Current leader Hu Jintao with former leader Jiang
Zemin The primary leadership positions in China
are: 1) the President; 2) the General Secretary of the
Communist Party; and 3) the Chairman of the Central
Military Commission, the de facto head of the
military. China has a Prime Minister but he is
generally regarded as the
No. 2 or No. 3 person in
power. He is nominated
by the President and
confirmed bt the National
People’s Congress. The
chairman of the National
People’s Congress
is considered the
No. 2 leader in China.
11. The presidency is often regarded as the
weakest of the three primary leadership
position. The leadership of the Communist Party
is essential because the party rules the country.
Leadership of the military is also essential
because it provides the muscle behind the
party. Both Deng Xiaoping and Jiang Zemin
retained the position of Chairman of the Central
Military
Commission as way of
maintaining power behind the
scenes after giving up the
positions of president and
party leader.
12. These days the President is responsible for
domestic and foreign policy. The Prime
Minister is largely regarded as China’s
economic czar. He is responsible for economic
policy.
There are no set rules on how long leaders can
serve and how they are selected. These days
a president and prime minister are limited
to two five year terms and leaders have to rule
by consensus. Years of disastrous one-man
under Mao have made Chinese ascribe
by the aphorism “tall trees attract wind.”
13. Party Congresses are held every five years in the
Great Hall of the People at Tiananmen Square in Beijing.
The last one, the 17th, was in autumn 2007. The next one,
the 18th Party Congress is in 2013. The event lasts for
about a week. More than 2,200 representatives attend.
They are selected by the party congresses in each
province. The Party Congress is arguably the most
important event on the political calendar because it is the
showcase event for the Chinese Communist Party and the
Communist Party is the most powerful institution in China.
Party Congresses formally ratify laws, establish policy,
affirm leadership positions and select members of the
Central Committee, Politburo, and Politburo Standing
Committee. Important speeches are given.
The main meetings are televised nationwide.
14. Plenums in China
Plenums are closed door meetings conducted by the
Central Committee that last for around four days and
are held once or twice a year. They can be very
important. One in 1978 launched China’s economic
reforms and paved the way for China to become the
economic powerhouse that it is today.
Plenums are held amidst tight security and heavy
secrecy at the Great Hall of the People. No one except
the participants knows what goes on there. Plenums are
generally attended by the members of the Central
Committee. Policy rubber stamped at Party Congress
are often shaped during the plenums. The content of the
meetings is kept tightly under wraps. There are no
details in the press about the agenda or discussion just
some vague statements about broad topics. Whatever
information is released after the meetings are over.
15. Plenums that endorse five year plans, held every
five years, have traditionally been important
political events. The Central Committee members
meet and endorse the five-year plan for the next
five years.“The Fifth Plenum of the 16th
Communist Party Central Committee” was held in
September 2005. It was attended by 500 people,
200 committee members and presumably their
aides and lower-ranking officials. They endorsed
the five-year plan for 2006 to 2010. The plenum
before that, “The Forth Plenum of the 16th
Communist Party Central Committee,” was held in
September 2004 and the one before that was in
October 2003.
16. The language, flag, and symbol
of the country
CHINESE LANGUAGE
Vocabulary :
1. HALLO
2. GOOD MORNING
3. GOOD AFTERNOON
4. GOOD EVENING
5. EAT
6. DRINK
7. SCHOOL
8. STUDY
9. TEACHER
10. FAMILY
11. FATHER
12. MOTHER
13. BROTHER
14. SISTER
15. UNCLE
16. AUNT
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
你好 ( WEI )
早安 ( ZAO SHANG HAO )
下午好 ( XIA WU HAO )
晚上好 ( WAN SHANG HAO )
饮食 ( CHI )
饮料 ( YIN )
学校 ( XUE XIAO )
研究 ( XUE XI )
师范 ( JIAO SHI )
家庭 ( JIA TING )
父亲 ( BA BA )
母亲 ( MU QIN )
兄弟 ( XIONG DI )
系统 ( MEI )
舅爷 ( JIU FU )
姨妈 ( SHEN MU )
17. China's national flag was adopted in September,
1949. This flag was first flown in Tiananmen Square
on October 1, 1949 - the day of the founding of the
People's Republic of China. The rectangular flag has
a red field with five golden-yellow stars (each with
five points) in the upper left corner. The star on the
left is larger than the other four.
The red color of the flag symbolizes revolution. The
large star symbolizes the Communist Party (which
rules China) and the smaller stars represent the
people of China.
18. National Symbols of China
A national symbol is anything that has become
significant to a country's community. They
intend to unite people by creating visual, verbal
and iconic representations of a nation's people,
values, goals and history. These are the
symbols that define the Chinese people as a
nation.
19. SYMBOL OF CHINA
Adopted in 1950, the Tiananman is the symbol of modern China.
The cogwheel and the ears of grain represent the working class and the
peasantry respectively and the five stars symbolize the solidarity of the
various nationalities of China.
Red and Yellow as seen in the Chinese flag and emblem are its
national colors.
20. NATIONAL ANIMAL
The Giant Panda is the national animal of China. It's a mammal
classified in the bear family, native to central and southern China. It is easily
known by its large, distinctive black patches around the eyes, ears and on
its rotund body.
The Chinese Dragon is the symbol of China's feudal monarchy. The
dragon is based on a 7,000-year-old Chinese legend, and has a horse's
head, a snake's body and chook's claws. It represented the emperor's
power during the years of China's feudal system and it is also a sign of
auspiciousness and wealth among the people.
22. The Economy of China
The economy of the People’s Republic of China is
the third largest in the world after the United States
and Japan (2008) with a nominal GDP US$ 4.91 trilllion
(2009) when measured in exchange-rate
China is the largest trading nation in the world and
the largest exporter and second largest importer of
goods.
23. The Economy People's Republic of China
The two most
important sectors of
the economy have
traditionally been
agriculture and
industry, which
together employ more
than 70 percent of the
labor force and
produce more than 60
percent of GDP.
Taipei 101 is a symbol of the
success of The Chainese
24. A Taiwan High Speed
700T train
Cocoa Garden
The two sectors have
differed in many
respects. Technology,
labor productivity, and
incomes have
advanced much more
rapidly in industry
than in agriculture.
25. The Export Commodity of China
Industrial and Mineral
Produtcs :
- Cotton cloth
- Cotton yarn
- Tungsent
- Antimony
- Coal
- Crude oil
Animal Hubandary Sector :
-Fish
-Pig
Agriculture Sector :
-Rice
- Tea
-Wheat
- Mille
-Corn (maize)
- Barly
-Tobacco
- Sorgum
-Soybeans
- Potatoes
-Peanuts(groundnuts)
- Cotton
26. The Financial and Banking System
The most of China’s
financial institutions
are state owned and
governed of banking
assets are state
owned.
The chief instruments
of financial and fiscal
control are the
People’s Bank of
China (PBC) and the
Ministry of Finance.
27.
28.
29. The Currency System
The Renminbi (“ people’s currency “) is the
currency of China , denominated as the yuan ,
subdivided into 10 jiao or 100 fen.
The Renminbi is issued by the People’s Bank of
China , the monetary authority of PRC. The
Latinised symbol is “ ¥ “
30.
31.
32. The art
• Chinese Painting
Chinese Painting has developed a unique
style. It is painted on rice paper or thin silk
with brushes, Chinese ink, and Chinese
painting dye. In terms of topics, it involves
portrait, landscape, flower, and bird, grass
and insect, etc. On painting techniques,
one is traditional Chinese realistic painting
characterized byfine brushwork and close attention to
detail, and the other is freehand brushwork. These two
kinds have their own characteristics. Originated from
late Zhou Dynasty, portraits gradually formed its own
characteristics during Han Dynasty, Wei Dynasty, and
the period of Six Dynasties.
33. Nishang Yuyi
Nishang Yuyi (the Song of
Enduring Sorrow) is also a
royal creation, written and
choreographed by Tang
Dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong
(known privately as Li Longji)
who reigned from 712-756.
The dance, sometimes referred to as the Feather Dress
Dance due to the fact that the costumes are adorned with
soft, fluttery feathers, suggesting lighness and flight,
concerns a legend about an emperor who dreams that he
travels to the moon and there, in a palace, sees a group of
beautiful, heavenly virgins dressed in feathers and rosy
clouds dancing in the skies. When the emperor awakens
from this dream and recounts it to his concubine, the
concubine recreates the dance for the emperor.
34. Paper Umbrella
The colorfully decorated,
almost gauze-like Chinese
paper umbrella is as
quintessentially Chinese
as chop sticks. The
collapsible Chinese paper umbrella is believed to have
existed in China since before the beginning of the
Christian era, though the first historical reference to the
Chinese paper umbrella stems from the 21 CE mention
of a paper umbrella made for the 4-wheeled "chariot" of
Emperor Wang Mang (Wang Mang was a royal official
who usurped the throne for a short period – generally
referred to as the Wang Mang interregnum – creating
the short-lived Xin (CE 9-24) Dynasty).
35. Chinese Lanterns
The Chinese lantern
originated as an improvement
over the more simple, more
natural – and surely, more
widespread – source of lighting:
the open flame. The lamp/ lantern shade of course
protects the flame inside from being extinguished in
windy weather, but it also provides a better, more
diffuse form of illumination than an open flame, the
latter of which creates sharp contrasts between
illuminated and non-illuminated parts of objects. Once
created, however, it was inevitable that the lantern
shade would be the object of artistic expression, most
especially given the highly developed Chinese penchant
for artistic embellishment, as any student of Chinese
culture will know.
36. Traditional Chinese Medicin (TCM)
Traditional Chinese Medicine (abbreviated as TCM) is more
than just a collection of roots and herbs that are
believed to have healing powers. According to Chinese
religious philosophy, all things in nature, both on this planet
and beyond, are interrelated. Traditional Chinese Medicine
embraces a number of other health-related concepts, in the
broadest sense, concepts such as animism (the notion that
all things possess a spirit), the yin and the yang (the notion
of opposing forces in nature and of
striking the right balance between
the two), Qi Gong and Fengshui
(both are based on the mind-overmatter notion that there exist
exogenous forces in nature that
can and should be harnessed in
order to provide well-being, and
that where these are not properly
harnessed, or are ignored, they can
in fact do harm), and even a cosmic
dimension.
37. Chinese Acrobatics
Chinese Acrobatics has its origins
in Chinese Folk Dance, and,
indeed, Chinese Folk Dance
remains one of its main
applications to this day. For
example, the Dragon Dance
employs dancers who are also
acrobats, as acrobatic movement
is required in order to bring the
mock dragon to life, but
acrobatics also plays a role in
many other Chinese Folk
Dances. In addition, just as the
Chinese Folk Dance also
transitioned to the Chinese
Theatre, Chinese Acrobatics has
also transitioned to the Chinese
Theatre.
38. Chinese calligraphy
Chinese calligraphy has a long
history and lasts about 1000
years. It can be considered as a
unique artistic form of the treasury of
Chinese culture. It is the
representative of Chinese art and is
reputed as the most ancient artistic
form in the history of oriental world.
Calligraphy has exerted wide
influence world widely and has even
been introduced to many neighboring
countries. Picasso, the world famous
master of art, once expressed that "If
I once lived in China, I must had
become a calligrapher rather than a
painter". Chinese traditional
calligraphy mainly falls into six
categories: Seal Character, Official
Script, Formal Script, Running
Script, Formal Script, Running
Script, and Cursive Hand.
39. Event: Chinese New Year
Date: The first day of a year in lunar calendar,
usually between late Jan and early Feb
Activities: fireworks display, visiting and
greeting, Yangke dancing, lion and
dragon dancing, holding temple fairs and many other
great folklore-inspection events.
Of all the traditional Chinese festivals, the new Year was
perhaps the most elaborate, colorful, and important. This was a
time for the Chinese to congratulate each other and themselves
on having passed through another year, a time to finish out the
old, and to welcome in the new year. Common expressions
heard at this time are: GUONIAN to have made it through the
old year, and BAINIAN to congratulate the new year.
40. Event: Lantern Festival
• Date: 15th of the first lunar month
• Activities: Lanterns expositions, garden
parties, firework displays and folk dances.
• The New Year celebrations ended on the
15th of the First Moon with the Lantern
Festival. In the legend, the Jade Emperor in Heaven was so
angered at a town for killing his favorite goose, that he decided
to destroy it with a storm of fire. However, a good-hearted fairy
heard of this act of vengeance, and warned the people of the
town to light lanterns throughout the town on the appointed day.
The townsfolk did as they were told, and from the Heavens, it
looked as if the village was ablaze. Satisfied that his goose had
already been avenged, the Jade Emperor decided not to
destroy the town. From that day on, people celebrated the
anniversary of their deliverance by carried lanterns of different
shapes and colors through the streets on the first full moon of
the year, providing a spectacular backdrop for lion dances,
dragon dances, and fireworks.
41. Event: Dragon Boat Festival
• Date: Date: 5th day of the 5th lunar month
• Activities: Dragon Boat races and eating Zong Zi (pyramid
shaped rice wrapped in reed or bamboo leaves
• Originally a religious practice, it is now purely recreational. The
Dragon Boat festival celebrates the death of the poet Qu Yuan,
who drowned himself in the 3rd Century BC as a protest
against a corrupt government. The legends are that the towns
people attempted to rescue him by beating drums to scare fish
away from eating his body and threw rice dumplings into the
river to tempt the fish away from their hero.
42. Event: Mid-Autumn Festival
• Date: 15th of the 8th lunar month
• Activities: Dragon Boat racing, enjoying
moonlight and eating moon cakes.
• Probably the second most important festival in the Chinese
calendar, Zhong qiu has ancient origins. Occurring on the 15th
day of the 17th lunar month (usually some time around the end
of September/start of October) the Mid-autumn festival
celebrates the moon. Traditionally a time for poets and lovers,
in Chinese symbolism the moon symbolizes unity and
wholeness and is a time for reunion of families. Abundant
meals are eaten during the festival and moon cakes, round
pastries filled with nuts, dried fruits, preserved flowers, sesame
and/or marinated beef or bacon are eaten.
43. Event: Qingming
• Date: 12th of the 3rd lunar month,
usually around April 4th or 5th.
• Activities: Cleaning ancestors' graves
and holding memorial ceremonies,
spring outing, and flying kites
• This is a time when ice and snow has
gone and plants are beginning to grow
again, and is a time for respect to
ancestors. The graves of deceased relatives are swept and
tended, the memory of the dead cherished and offering of food
may be made. To assist ancestors in the afterlife 'Bank of Hell'
money is burned, thereby transferring money to the ancestors
to spend as they will. Qing Ming is often marked by an
indulgence of the Chinese passion for kite flying.
44. Xining.
•
•
•
Hui people praying Dongguan. Mosque
In modern People's Republic of China, the term "Hui people" refers to one of the officially
recognized 56 ethnic groups into which Chinese citizens are classified. Under this
definition, the Hui people are defined to include all historically Muslim communities in
People's Republic of China that are not included in China's other ethnic groups. Since
China's Muslims speaking various Turkic, Mongolian, or Iranian languages are all
included into those other groups (e.g., Uyghurs, Tajiks, or Dongxiang), the "officially
recognized" Hui ethnic group consists predominantly of Chinese speakers. In fact, the "Hui
nationality" is unique among China's officially recognized ethnic minorities in that it does
not have any particular non-Chinese language associated with it.
Nonetheless, included among the Hui in Chinese census statistics (and not officially
recognized as separate ethnic groups) are members of a few small non-Chinese speaking
communities. Among them are several thousand Utsuls in southern Hainan province, who
speak an Austronesian language (Tsat) related to that of the Cham Muslim minority of
Vietnam, and who are said to be descended from Chams who migrated to Hainan. A
small Muslim minority among Yunnan's Bai people are classified as Hui as well (even if
they are Bai speakers), as are some groups of Tibetan Muslims.
The Hui people are concentrated in Northwestern China (Ningxia, Gansu, Qinghai,
Xinjiang), but communities exist across the country, e.g. Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Hebei,
Yunnan, etc.
46. Legendary Chinese Heroes
Lin Zexu
(1785 – 1850 AD)
Lin Zexu- an
official loyal to the
Daoguang
Emperor of China,
he was the most
famous for his
active fight against
foreign-imported
opium.
47. Legendary Chinese Heroes
A Ming Dynasty
Admiral who was also
a great envoy. He
was responsible for
establishing
diplomatic and trading
links with South East
Asian countries.
Zheng He
(1371 – 1435 AD)
48. Legendary Chinese Heroes
Wen Tianxiang
(1236 – 1283 AD)
A Song Dynasty
Prime
Minister who refused
to
surrender to his
enemy
when the nation was
falling
49. Legendary Chinese Heroes
A Song Dynasty
General who is
well
known for his
loyalty
to his nation.
Yue Fei
(1103 – 1142 AD)
50. Legendary Chinese Heroes
Guan Yu is a
commander of war a
Three Kigndoms
General who was
righteous.
Guan Yu
(160 – 219 AD)
51. Legendary Chinese Heroes
A lady General who is
well known as a filial
daughter who served
the army in place of
her old and ailing
father.
Hua Mulan
(386 – 436 AD)
52. Legendary Chinese Heroes
Qu Yuan
(340 – 278 BC)
A Warring States
scholar who
committed
suicide when his
nation
fell after the emperor
failed to take his
advice.
53. Legendary Chinese Heroes
Bao Gong (Bao
Zheng)
(999-1062 AD)
Bao Gong highly
admired for his
strictness in
upholding
justice and opposing
corruption even when
the wrongdoer is
powerful.
55. Legendary Chinese Heroes
Mao Zedong one of
the most important
figures in modern
world history, a great
revolutionary leader
whose thought is the
highest expression of
Marxism .
Mao Zedong
(1893-1976 AD)
56. The process of marriage
• FIRST STEP IN MARRIAGE CEREMONIES IN CHINA IS
THE PROPOSAL
the proposal is the Process where it was placed in the
hands of go-between, who acted as a buffer on both
sides. The important parties in proposal and betrothal
negotiations is the parents of the prospective bride and
groom, rather than the bride and groom themselves.
When the boy's parents identified the bride, they will
send the go-between to present gift to the girl’s
parents. If there is no sign of bad luck, such as fights
between the parents or a loss of property in that time,
the parents will give the information to the bride to
confirm that the young woman and their son would
make a good match. Finally each family evaluated the
other in terms of appearance, education, character, and
social position. If both the family are satisfied they will
proceed to the betrothal
57.
58. • 2. The Betrothal
• After proposal, the go-between would ask the bride's family to
chose among several auspicious wedding dates, suggested
by the boy's family and also set a date for presenting
betrothal gifts. he boy's family presented, betrothal gifts of
money and significant items such as tea,"Dragon (male) and
Phoenix (female)" bridal cakes, pairs of male and female
poultry, sweetmeats and sugar, wine and tobacco. Tea was
such a primary part of these gifts in some areas that they
were known collectively as cha-li , that is, "tea presents”, and
The girl's family reciprocated with gifts of food and clothing. It
was customary for the girl's family to distribute the bridal
cakes they received from the boy's family to friends and
relatives as a form of announcement and invitation to the
wedding feast. at this moment the bride is forbidden to meet,
Although the bride and groom probably had not met yet, the
betrothal was considered binding unless both families agreed
to annul the contract. Betrothals generally lasted for a year or
two, although child betrothals would last until the children had
grown to marriageable age.
59.
60. 3. Preparing for the Wedding Day
•1. Retreating to the Cock Loft
In preparation for her wedding, the bride-to-be retreated
from the ordinary routine and lived in seclusion in a
separate part of the house and with her closest friends.
2. Installing the Bridal Bed
Preparation on the part of the groom involved the
installation of the bridal bed on the day before the wedding.
A propitious hour and a 'good luck woman' or 'good luck
man', that is a man or women with many children and living
mates, were selected to install a newly purchased bed.
After the bed was in place, children were invited onto the
bed as an omen of fertility the more, the merrier.
61.
62. 4. Day of the Wedding
• there are 2 ritual in this event, The "Hair Dressing" Ritual of
the bride and the "Capping" Ritual of the groom. It
symbolized that their initiation into adulthood and were
important parts of the wedding preparations. red color
became the symbol of joy at this event, it featured
prominently in the clothing and other ritual objects pertaining
to the wedding.
• 1. The "Hair Dressing" Ritual
At dawn on her wedding day (or the night before), the bride
bathed in water infused with pumelo, a variety of grapefruit,
to cleanse her of evil influences –; and one suspects as a
cosmetic to soften her skin in the manner of contemporary
alphahydroxls.. She put on new underclothes and sat before
lit dragon-and-phoenix candles.
63. • After her hair was styled , the bride emerged from
her retreat. She was carried to the main hall on the
back of the 'good luck' woman or her most senior
sister-in-law. There she donned a jacket and skirt
and stepped into a pair of red shoes, placed in the
center of a sieve. The bride's face was covered with
either a red silk veil or a 'curtain' of tassels or beads
that hung from the bridal Phoenix crown. After
completing her wedding preparations, the bride
bowed to her parents and to the ancestral tablets
and awaited the arrival of the bridal procession from
the groom's house.
64.
65. • 2. The "Capping" Ritual
• He dressed in a long gown, red shoes and a red silk
sash with a silk ball on his shoulder, and the groom
knelt at the family altar while his father placed a cap
decorated with cypress leaves on his head. The
groom bowed first to the Heaven and Earth and his
ancestors, then to his parents and the assembled
family members. His father removed the silk ball
from the sash and placed it on top of the bridal
sedan chair.
66. 5. The Bride's Journey to the Groom's House
The 'good luck woman' or a dajin, employed by the bride's
family to look after the bride, carried the bride on her
back to the sedan chair . Another attendant might shield
the bride with a parasol while a third tossed rice at the
sedan chair. Than There are two things that must be
taken in the event, that is a sieve and metallic mirror. A
sieve, shai-tse , which would strain out evil, and a
metallic mirror, king , which would reflect light, were
suspended at the rear of the bride's sedan to protect her
from evil influence . And the Firecrackers were set off to
frighten away evil spirits. in the sedan the bride was
prevent from the bad things and an unlucky sight, likes a
widow, a well, or even a cat.
67.
68. 6. Arriving at the Groom's House
Once again, firecrackers were set off just before the
procession arrived. A red mat was placed before the
sedan chair for the bride lest her feet touch the bare
earth. All the household would be waiting to receive
her. An attendant might immediately place a heap of
rice in a sieve over or near the bride. If the bride did not
wear a lucky mirror, one might be used at this time to
flash light upon the bride. After these rituals took place
, the groom finally could raise the red scarf and view
the bride's face.
69.
70. 7. The Wedding
• In this event The bride and groom were conducted to the
family altar , where they paid homage to Heaven and
Earth, the family ancestors and the Kitchen God, TsaoChün . Tea , generally with two lotus seeds or two red
dates in the cup, was offered to the groom's parents.
Then the bride and groom bowed to each other. And
This completed the marriage ceremony.
71.
72. Food and beverages
Chinese food styles
As China is a geographically huge country, it is
diverse in climate, ethnicity and subcultures. Not
surprisingly therefore, there are many distinctive
styles of cuisine. Traditionally there are eight
main families of dishes, namely
* Hui (Anhui)
* Yue (Cantonese)
* Min (Fujian)
* Xiang (Hunan)
* Yang (Jiangsu)
* Lu (Shandong)
* Chuan (Szechuan)
* Zhe (Zhejiang)
73. There are mainly four main styles of food in
China, namely the Beijing Style, the Shanghai
Style, the Sichuan/Szechuan Style and the
Cantonese Style. The Cantonese style is the
most popular style in overseas restaurants.
When you are traveling in China, you would find
it extremely hard to resist the Peking duck, the
Shanghai pork bun, or the Cantonese dim sum.
74. Sichuan Cuisine is one of the famous
Eight Cuisines in China. With a long
history, Sichuan food is renowned for
its various seasoning especially the
hot and spicy sauce. It uses a lot of
capsicums and peppercorns. Some
people consider Sichuan dishes to be
delicious and enjoy themselves to the
full; while others cannot bear the spicy
flavor.
Sichuan restaurants have taken root in Shanghai since 1920s. Now you
can find them everywhere in the city. These restaurants mainly serve
Haipai (Shanghai style) Sichuan dishes which has a less hot and spicy
sauce. The Hot Boiling Fish and hotpots where you cook your food at
the table are the most popular among the locals and the tourists alike.
Even with fierce competition from cuisines from other parts of China
and the whole world nothing has undermined the popularity of the
delicious and inexpensive Sichuan food.
75. Zhejiang cuisine, also called Zhe Cai for short, is one of the eight
famous culinary schools in China. Comprising the specialties of
Hangzhou, Ningbo and Shaoxing in Zhejiang Province regarded as
"land of fish and rice", Zhejiang cuisine, not greasy, wins its
reputation for freshness, tenderness, softness, and smoothness of
its dishes with mellow fragrance. Hangzhou cuisine is the most
famous one among the three.
Zhejiang cuisine specializes in quick-frying, stir-frying, deep-frying,
simmering and steaming, obtaining the natural flavor and taste.
Special care is taken in the cooking process to make the food
fresh, crispy and tender. Thanks to exquisite preparation, the
dishes are not only delicious in taste and but also extremely
elegant in appearance. Zhejiang cuisine is best represented by
Hangzhou dishes, including Hangzhou roast chicken (commonly
known as Beggar's chicken), Dongpo pork, west lake fish in
vinegar sauce, Songsao Shredded Fishsoup, etc.
76. Hangzhou cuisine is characterized by its
elaborate preparation and varying techniques
of cooking, such as sauteing, stewing, and stirand deep-frying. Hangzhou food tastes fresh
and crisp, varying with the change of season.
Ningbo food is a bit salty but delicious.
Specializing in steamed, roasted and braised
seafood, Ningbo cuisine is particular in
retaining the original freshness, tenderness
and softness. Shaoxing cuisine offers fresh
aquatic food and poultry that has a special
rural flavor, sweet in smell, soft and glutinous
in taste, thick in gravy and strong in season
77. •
•
Jiangsu cuisine, also known as Su Cai for short, is
one of the major components of Chinese cuisine,
and consists of the styles of Yangzhou, Nanjing,
Suzhou and Zhenjiang dishes. It is very famous in
the whole world for its distinctive style and
taste. It is especially popular in the lower reach
of the Yangtze River.
Known as "a land of fish and rice" in China,
Jiangsu Province has a rich variety of ingredients
available for cooking. Jiangsu cuisine has the
characteristics of strictly selected ingredients,
exquisite workmanship, elegant shape, and rich
culture trait. The typical raw materials are fresh
and live aquatic products. It highlights the
freshness of ingredients. Other cooking
ingredients are often carefully selected tea
leaves, bamboo shoots, mushrooms, pears, and
dates. Its carving techniques are delicate, of
which the melon carving technique is especially
well known. Due to using the methods of
stewing, braising, quick-frying, warming-up, stir-
78. •
•
•
Fujian cuisine was a latecomer in southeast China
along the coast. The cuisine emphasizes seafood,
river fish, and shrimp. The Fujian coastal area
produces 167 varieties of fish and 90 kinds of turtles
and shellfish. It also produces edible bird's nest,
cuttlefish, and sturgeon. These special products are
all used in Fujian cuisine.
The most characteristic aspect of Fujian cuisine is
that its dishes are served in soup. Its cooking
methods are stewing, boiling, braising, quick-boiling,
and steaming, The most famous dish is Buddha
Jumps Over the Wall. A mixture of seafood, chicken,
duck, and pork is put into a rice-wine jar and
simmered over a low fire. Sea mussel quick-boiled in
chicken soup is another Fujian delicacy.
Fujian cuisine comprises three branches ¨C Fuzhou,
southern Fujian, and western Fujian. There are slight
differences among them. Fuzhou dishes are more
fresh, delicious, and less salty, sweet, and sour.
Southern Fujian dishes are sweet and hot and use hot
sauces, custard, and orange juice as flavorings.
Western Fujian dishes are salty and hot. As Fujian
people emigrate overseas, their cuisine has become
popular in Taiwan and abroad.
79. • Nián gāo
Year cake or Chinese New Year's cake is a food prepared from glutinous
rice and consumed in Chinese cuisine. It is available in Asian
supermarkets and from health food stores. While it can be eaten all
year round, traditionally it is most popular during Chinese New Year.
It is considered good luck to eat nian gao during this time, because
"nian gao" is a homonym for "higher year." The Chinese word 粘
(nián), meaning "sticky", is identical in sound to 年 , meaning "year",
and the word 糕 (gāo), meaning "cake" is identical in sound to 高 ,
meaning "high". As such, eating nian gao has the symbolism of raising
oneself higher in each coming year ( 年年高升 niánnián gāoshēng).
80. • Blood Sugar Regulating Tea The
continuity of high blood sugar for
a long time will lead to many
kinds of serious complication like
heart disease, nephritis, decline
of eyesight.
• patota juice This is extracted
from purple sweet potatos of hifh
quality.It's rich in procyanidins
and trace elements such as
selenium and can be used wisely
in the? modulation of? vegatable
juice and fruit juice.
81. • Wine in China ( 葡萄酒 ; pinyin: pútáo jiǔ) refers to grape wines that
are produced in China. Grape wine has a long history in China, along
with other Chinese alcoholic beverages.
Beginning in 1980, French and other Western wines began to rise in
prominence in the Chinese market, both in mainland China and
Taiwan. French-taught Chinese winemakers introduced wine to a
market dominated mostly by beer, and have quickly expanded in
scale such that China, with its immense population, is set to become
the largest wine market in the world.
82. CHINESE TEA
The practice of drinking tea has had a
long history in China, having originated
from there. The Chinese drink tea during
many parts of the day such as at meals
for good health or simply for pleasure.
Although tea originates from China,
Chinese tea generally represent tea
leaves which have been processed
using methods inherited from ancient
China. According to popular legend, tea
was discovered by Chinese Emperor
Shennong in 2737 BCE when a leaf
from a Camellia sinensis tree fell into
water the emperor was boiling. Tea is
deeply woven into the history and
culture of China. The beverage is
considered one of the seven necessities
of Chinese life, along with firewood, rice,
oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar..
83. SPORT IN CHINA
A. Badminton
Because of its relative simplicity,
inexpensive equipment, and
accessibility to venues, Badminton is a
very established and popular sport in
China. Famous Chinese badminton
players include Lin Dan, Zhang Ning,
Lu Lan, Gao Ling, Huang Sui, and
Xie Xingfang. It's a popular
recreational sport and amateur
leagues exist across the country.
84. B. Baseball
Baseball in China first appeared in 1863 with
the establishment of the Shanghai Baseball
Club by American medical missionary Henry
William Boone.[4][5]. Organized baseball
games were established with a game
between the St. Johns University and the
Shanghai MCA baseball club in 1905.
However, in 1959 Mao Zedong disbanded all
teams and outlawed baseball.[6] After the
Cultural Revolution ended, baseball activities
restarted, and the China Baseball Association
formed in 1974.[7] In 2002, the
China Baseball League was formed, and
China participates in the
World Baseball Classic. However, it is not a
popular sport and it is often seen by Chinese
as a mere American curiosity due to its slow
pace. Defeats of the national team to
Republic of China, Japan, and South Korea
may help change the trend as Chinese
become more aware of the game's.
85. C. Table tennis (Ping Pong)
•Ping Pong ( 乒乓 ) is the official name for the sport
of table tennis in China. Apart from the national
representative team, the table tennis community in
China continues to produce many world-class
players, and this depth of skill allows the country to
continue dominating recent world titles after a short
break during the 1990s. The overwhelming
dominance of China in the sport has triggered a
series of rules changes in the International Table
Tennis Federation and as part of the Olympics.
Ma Long is currently one of the highest-ranked
Chinese table tennis players, and the highestranked player in the world[8]. Deng Yaping is
regarded by many as one of the greatest table
tennis player of all time. The sport played an
important role in China's international relations; in
April 1972, the US table tennis team were invited
to visit China, an event later called "
Ping Pong Diplomacy". Table tennis is the biggest
amateur recreational sport in China today, with an
estimated 300 million players.
86. D. Tennis
•Tennis is a growing recreational sport in China, although access to
tennis courts can be limited in densely populated urban areas.
Recently Chinese tennis players, especially women, have seen
success internationally both at the amateur level and professionally.
International tennis tournaments receive wide coverage on Chinese
sporting channels.
E. Rugby Union
•Rugby union is becoming a more popular sport in China, than it
previously has been. However, it is still not overly popular. China
became affiliated to the International Rugby Board in 1997 and is
currently ranked 40th in the world, ahead of Madagascar and just
behind Sweden. The national team failed to qualify for the 1999 Rugby
World Cup and the 2007 Rugby World Cup. One segment of Chinese
society where rugby is particularly popular is the military. Rugby is an
official sport of the People's Liberation Army, with the PLA Sports
Institute participating in the highly-competitive Hong Kong leagues.
Notable Chinese rugby players include Zhang Zhiqiang ("Johnny
Zhang"), who had a stint with the famous Leicester Tigers club in
England, and promising young speedster Li Yang, who boasts a time of
10.6 seconds in the 100-meter sprint.
87. F. Football
•Football has been one of the most well supported sports in China ever since it was
introduced in the 1900s. There is, in fact, written evidence that a game similar to football
was first played in China around 50 BC [7] The current Chinese Football Association was
founded in the People's Republic of China after 1949. Its headquarters is located in
Beijing, and the current chairman is Nan Yong. From 1994 to 2004, CFA established first
professional football league, which was "Jia A". The Chinese Super League is the
premier football league in China, which was changed from "jia A" in 2004, as the top of a
league hierarchy that extends to four leagues. Jia in Chinese also means "First" or "Best".
Since its foundation the Super League has been relatively unstable, and is largely
controlled by corporate interests that change hands frequently..
•At the international level, Chinese football has enjoyed little success despite the amount
of support it receives from fans. Although the national team qualified for the 2002 World
Cup, they failed to score a single goal and lost 3 group matches. Conversely, The
women's national team has finished second at both the World Championships and the
Olympic Games. Despite the Chinese women team's success at international
competitions, however, Women's football in China does not receive nearly as much
attention as their counterparts in Canada and the United States, therefore China's good
trend in Women's football may well come to an end in the near future. In 1990, China
hosted the first Women's World Cup in Guangzhou, and in 2004, hosted AFC Asian Cup.
•Football has always been one of the most popular amateur team sports for recreation in
China, although in recent years its status has been rivaled by basketball. High schools
often have football facilities, some of which are rented on weekends to local amateur
teams to organize matches. It is also one of the most popular sports to watch on
television, with large international tournaments such as the World Cup and the European
Championships, as well as major European leagues receiving widespread coverage.
88. G. Chess
It is common for Chinese people to play
Xiangqi, or Chinese chess in the public
China had a good result in 2006 37th
Chess Olympiad in Turin when the men's
team came second behind Armenia and
the women's team third for the best result
overall. The Chinese progress has been
underpinned by large government support
and testing competition in numerous tough
events. Commensurate with its status,
China currently has seven top hundred
players, second only to Russia. However,
even today countries like Russia and
Israel still have an edge in experience
over their Chinese counterparts. Xiangqi is
also considered a sport in China, with
millions of players nationwide. There is a
national Chinese chess league.
89. •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
H. Cricket
Cricket is a fast growing sport in China. It is already a well established sport in
Hong Kong - a former British Colony. The Chinese cricket team is the team that
represents the country of the People's Republic of China in international cricket.
The Chinese Cricket Association became an International Cricket Council
affiliate member in 2004. It should be noted that the Special administrative
region of Hong Kong is a member of the ICC in their own right, becoming an ICC
associate member in 1969. Hence, players from Hong Kong are not eligible to
represent China in international competition.
Prior to the establishment of a recognized national side, the Shanghai Cricket
Club, the largest club in the country, played games against many touring sides
but they do not receive official recognition from the Chinese Cricket Association.
Since September 2005, the Chinese Cricket Association has conducted 8
coaching/ umpiring training course under the assistance from the Asian Cricket
Council ("ACC"). The sports was now promoted in 9 cities in China namely
Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang, Dalian, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Chongqing,
Tianjin and Jinan. More than 150 schools were involved.
The Chinese Cricket Association has set itself other goals over the next 14
years. [8] A list of these goals follows:
2009: Have 720 teams across the country in a well-organized structure
2015: Have 20,000 players and 2,000 coaches
2019: Qualify for the World Cup
90. EDUCATION IN CHINA
•
Education in the People's Republic of China is a state-run
system of public education run by the Ministry of Education. All
citizens must attend school for at least nine years. The government
provides primary education for six years, starting at age six or
seven, followed by six years of secondary education for ages 12 to
18. Some provinces may have five years of primary school but four
years for middle school. There are three years of middle school and
three years of high school. The Ministry of Education reported a 99
percent attendance rate for primary school and an 80 percent rate
for both primary and middle schools.[citation needed] In 1985, the
government abolished tax-funded higher education, requiring
university applicants to compete for scholarships based on
academic ability. In the early 1980s the government allowed the
establishment of the first private schools. The population has had on
average only 6.2 years of schooling, but in 1986 the government set
the goal of nine years of compulsory education for students by the
year 2000.
91. •
•
•
•
The United Nations Development Program reported that in 2003 China had 116,390
kindergarten classes with 613,000 teachers and 20 million students.[citation needed] At that
time, there were 425,846 primary schools with 5.7 million teachers and 116.8 million
students. General secondary education had 79,490 institutions, 4.5 million teachers,
and 85.8 million students. There also were 3,065 specialized secondary schools with
199,000 teachers and 5 million students. Among these specialized institutions were
6,843 agricultural and vocational schools with 289,000 teachers and 5.2 million
students and 1,551 special schools with 30,000 teachers and 365,000
students.Template:Http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/profiles/China.pdf
China has had a major expansion in education, increasing the number of
undergraduates and people who hold doctoral degrees fivefold in 10 years.[3] In 2003
China supported 1,552 institutions of higher learning (colleges and universities) and
their 725,000 professors and 11 million students (see List of universities in the
People's Republic of China). There are over 100 National Key Universities, including
Beijing University and Tsinghua University.
The percentage of China's college-age population in higher education has increased
from 1.4% in 1978 to roughly 20% in 2005. Every year 450,000 engineering students
graduate from college, 50,000 graduate with masters degrees, and 8,000 graduate
with Ph.Ds.[citation needed]
In 2002, the literacy rate in China was 90.8%; 95.1% of males and 86.5% of females.
[4]
•
Laws regulating the system of education include the Regulation on Academic
Degrees, the Compulsory Education Law, the Teachers Law, the Education Law, the
Law on Vocational Education, and the Law on Higher Education. See also: Law of the
People's Republic of China
92. •
•
•
•
A good education has always been highly valued in China, as the people believe that
education ensures not only the future and development of the individual but also the
family and the country as a whole.
Passed down from ancient times, the maxim from the Three-Character Scripture that
says 'if no proper education is given to children, their nature will go bad' has proved to
be true. The great master Confucius taught us that 'it is a pleasure to learn something
and to try it out at intervals'. Similarly, numerous students have been convinced that
'reading books excels all other careers'. The records tell us that Mencius' mother
became an example to millions of mothers who were keen for their children to be
talented. - she moved her home three times in order to choose a fine neighborhood in
which Mencius could be effectively influenced.
As far back as the Shang Dynasty (16th century BC - 11th century BC), inscriptions on
bones or tortoise shells were the simple records of teaching and learning. In the
Western Zhou Dynasty (11th century BC - 771 BC), nobles built schools to teach their
children, as their offsprings would be the officials of the future, while those who were
gifted but of poor families could but dream of approaching state affairs. The
development of education system led to a form of evaluation that became the means by
which dynastic China appointed those with talents as officials. In general, this process
can be divided into three periods - 'chaju' and 'zhengpi' in the Han Dynasty, the 'jiupin
zhongzheng' system from Han to the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and the
Imperial Examination which survived from the Sui Dynasty (589 - 618) right through to
the last feudal dynasty Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1911).
After that, China's education system fell into something of a state of confusion due to
the changes in national government. However, with the foundation of modern China the
new order introduced a fresh approach to education and brought is into a new phase.
Through long-term endeavor, the provision of educational has taken on a prosperous
process.
94. 1. Tuntex Tower
Tuntex tower is a
skyscraper in Kaoshiung,
Taiwan. it’s Located in
Ling Ya District. this tower
has 85 floors, with
347meters high. For that
reason This tower is also
known as Building 85. this
building was built from 1994
to 1996 and opened in
1997. This building is the
second tallest building in
Taiwan,after the Taipei
101 tower . The tower has
two separate towers the
bottom is 35 floors and the
top becomes a single tower
95. Tuntex Tower
The design is inspired
by high letters in
the character of
Han ( 高 ) and in
english means
high. This building
is also used as
hotel, commercial
offices, and
department stores.
This building was
designed by C.Y.
Lee & Partners and
Hellmuth, Obatta &
Kassabaum.
97. 2. Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China
was located in Beijing,
it has 8,851.8 km (5,500
miles) long. The great
wall of china was built
in Ming Dynasty (13681644). The Great Wall
stretches from
Shanhaiguan in the east
to Lop Nur in the west,
along the southern edge
of Inner Mongolia,
Ningxia, Gansu and
Qinghai.
98. • The great wall was
built in the spring,
autumn, and warring
states periods as a
defensive fortification
by the three states that
is Yan, Zhao, and Qin
from the 5th century
BC to 221 BC . Since
that, the great wall has
served as a monument
of the Chinese
throughout history. It’s
forbidden to the visitor
to stay overnight on
the wall, because
maybe we can see wild
wolves on great wall.
100. 3. Museum of Qin Terracotta
Warriors
• The TerraCotta Warriors are
the most significant
archeological excavations of
the 20th century. it is around
1.5 kilometers east of
Emperor Qin Shi Huang's
Mausoleum in
Lintong, Shaanxi Province.
Upon ascending the throne
at the age of 13 (in 246 BC),
Qin Shi Huang,the first
Emperor of all China, had
begun to work for his
mausoleum.It took 11 years
to finish.
101. • It is speculated that
many buried treasures
and sacrificial objects
had accompanied the
emperor in his after life.
A group of peasants
uncovered some
pottery while digging
for a well nearby the
royal tomb in 1974, It
caught the attention
of archeologists
immediately. They
concluded that these
artifacts were
associated with the
Qin Dynasty (211-206
BC). This museum is
opened from 08:3017:30.
103. 4. Leshan Giant Buddha
• The Leshan Giant Buddha
is a statue of Maitreya (a
Bodhisattva usually
represented as a very stout
monk with a broad smile
on his face and with his
naked breast) in sitting
posture. The Giant Buddha
is located in the east of
Leshan City, Sichuan
Province, at the
confluence of three rivers,
namely, Min River, Qingyi
River, and Dadu River. In
December, 1996, the
location of the Buddha
was included by UNESCO
on the list of the World
Heritage sites
104. • This statue was made
during the Tang
Dynasty in 713 and
finished in the year 803,
the statue requires
more than 90 people to
carve. As the biggest
carved stone Buddha in
the world, Leshan
Giant Buddha is
featured in poetry,
song and story. The
Buddha was nearly
destroyed by the erosion
of wind and rain before
1963. At present, the
maintenance work is in
progress under the
instruction of experts
from UNESCO.
106. 5. Wolong National Natural Reserve
• This place is in the east of
Mt. Qionglai, and a 3-hours
drive from Chengdu. there a lot
of panda-panda in there. This
Center was founded in 1980
with assistance from World
Wildlife Fund. Wolong
National Natural Reserve is
home not only to the giant
pandas but also to rare and
endangered animals such as
red panda, golden monkey,
white-lipped deer (Cervus
albirostris), gnu (wildebeest)
and precious plants like yew
and beech.
107. • The Wolong National
Nature Reserve was badly
damaged in the May 12th
earthquake. For security
reasons, the pandas have
been moved to Bifeng
Gorge Base of China
Panda Protection and
Research Center. They will
come back to Wolong after
it is repaired. there are so
many interesting place in
Wolong Panda Reserve
include: animal and plant
specimen museum, local
plant specimen, bird
specimen, insects ,fish,
amphibious and reptiles.
109. 6. Qing yan Ancient Town
Qingyan Ancient Town is
one of the most famous
historical and cultural
towns in Guizhou
Province, lies in the
southern suburb of
Guiyang. Qingyan Town
was built in 1378 with 471
hectares wide. Qingyan
Ancient Town has gradually
become a distinctive ancient
town with cultural features of
Ming and Qing Dynasties
(1644 - 1911).Qingyan
Ancient Town was built
completely of stone. The
Visitors can see the
spectacular city walls built
right
110. • on the cliffs with vast rocks.
There are four gates facing
north, south, east and west.
There are over 30 types of
ancient building, including
monasteries, temples,
cabinets, caves, courtyards
and palaces. there are so
many interesting places
in there If you like, stop
at one of those tea
houses and have a taste
of the famous local foods,
such as Qingyan tofu, rice
tofu and rose sugar. The
Religious culture in here
is also quite rich,
including Buddhism,
Taoism, Catholicism and
Christianity.
112. 7.The Ocean Park
•Ocean Park is a major
attraction in Hong Kong.
And it will be the world
financial center in southeast
China. Hong Kong Ocean
Park is located on the
south end of Hong Kong
Island. With an area of 170
acres, it's one of the
largest ocean parks in the
world. if you go into there
The trip starts from the
middle Kingdom neighboring
the Tai Shue Wan Entrance.
At the middle Kingdom,
tourists will see many ancient
structures such as temples,
pavilions and streets.
113. •Walking through the
middle Kingdom, you
come upon the Hong Kong
Jockey Giant Panda
Habitat, home to two lovely
pandas, Anan the male,
and Jiajia the female. And
the next is the Dolphin
Breeding Center. Here
tourists will learn of
dolphins' daily living habits
Tourists can view at eight
bottlenose dolphins. And
in there you also can see
so many beautiful place
like Atoll Reef, Shark
Aquarium, Ocean
Theater, and etc.
115. 8. Hong Kong Disneyland
• If you Walking into
Hong Kong
Disneyland, you feel
like you are live in a
wonderland.
Accompanied by Mickey
Mouse and the others
Disney friends, you start
a fantastic and magical
journey, the first place
when you go into is The
'Main Street, USA‘ but
still There are Chinese
elements here too. Enter
the main street you see
Plaza Inn, it is the first
Chinese restaurant in
Main Street, complete
with 19th Century
116. • Chinese table service. With
the image of cartoon heroine
Mulan everywhere. Market
House Bakery and Main Street
Corner Cafe are also good
places for visitor to enjoy. And
in there the visitor can the
pageant, it is adapted from
Disney's animated classic 'The
Lion King', ,this colorful
pageant of music and dance is
just like a classic music drama.
This is a show that will appeal
to all ages. And the Another
interesting place is like
Tarzan island, Fantasyland,
Disney's Storybook Theater,
Tomorrowland, Space
Mountain, the Grand Parade
and Firework.
117. • this colorful pageant of music and dance is just
like a Disneyland opened at 9 p.m, and the
tickets selling from 09.00 until the park
closes.
• The tickets for Adults is HK $ 350 HK$ 350
• The tickets for Students (12-25) HK $ 350
HK$ 350
• The tickets for Children (3-11) HK $ 250 HK$
250
• The tickets for Seniors (65 or above) HK $
170 HK$ 170
• The tickets for Children under 3 are free
119. 8. Jade Buddha Temple
• In 1882, an old temple
was built to keep two jade
Buddha statues which
had been brought from
Burma by. a monk named
Huigen. unfortunately
The temple was
destroyed during the
revolution that overthrew
the Qing Dynasty.
Fortunately the jade
Buddha statues were
saved and a new temple
was built on the present
site in 1928. It was
named the Jade Buddha
Temple.
120. • There are two statues in the
temple, there are sitting
Buddha and Recumbent
Buddha, Both of statues are
carved with whole white
jade.The Sitting Buddha is
190 centimeters high and
coated by the agate and the
emerald, The Recumbent
Buddha is 96 centimeters
long, lying on the right side
with the right hand
supporting the head and the
left hand placing on the left
leg, this shape is called the
'lucky repose‘. there are
other major places in the
temple like, Devajara Hall,
Mahavira Hall,the Kwan-yin
Dian Hall, the Amitabha Dian
Hall, the Zen Tang Hall.
122. 9.GUILIN LI RIVER
•The Li River is a river in
Guangxi Province, ChinaThe
River Li originates in the Mao'er
Mountains in Xing'an Сounty
and flows in the general
southern direction through
Guilin , Yangshuo and Pingle.
Along the 100-kilometer stretch
of the River Li, mountain peaks
rise into the sky. It is one of
China 's most famous scenic
areas. there are also Reed-Flute
Rock: a limestone cave, SevenStar Park: the largest park in
Guilin, Mountain of Splendid
Hues:
123. • a mountain consisting of
many layers of variously
colored rocks. ElephantTrunk Hill: a hill that looks
like a giant elephant drinking
water with its trunk. It is
symbol of the city of Guilin,
Lingqu Canal is one of the
three big water conservation
projects of ancient China
and the oldest existing canal
in the world, Other
attractions include: Duxiu
Peak, Nanxi Park, the
Taohua River, the Giant
Banyan, and the HuashanLijiang National Folklore
Park.
125. 10. Xian City Wall
The fortifications of Xi'an, an
ancient capital of China,
represent one of the oldest and
best preserved Chinese city
walls. Construction of the first
city wall of Chang'an began in
194 BCE and lasted for four
years. That wall measured 25.7
km in length, 12–16 m in
thickness at the base. The
existing wall was started by the
Ming Dynasty in 1370. It
encircles a much smaller city of
14 km². The wall measures 13.7
km in circumference, 12 m in
height, and 15–18 m in
thickness at the base.
127. 11. Dazu Rock Carvings
•The Dazu Rock
Carvings are a series of
Chinese religious
sculptures and carvings,
Dazu Rock Carvings
consisting of 50,000
statues, with more than
100,000 Chinese
characters forming the
inscriptions and
epigraphs, dazu rock is
located in Chongqing
town The earliest
carvings were begun in
650 A.D,
128. • In the 12th century,
during the Song
Dynasty, a Buddhist
monk named Zhao
Zhifeng began work
on the elaborate
sculptures and
carvings on Mount
Baoding, dedicating
70 years of his life to
the project. the
carvings were opened
to Chinese travelers
in 1961 and foreign
visitors in 1980
