Adapted (Shortened) from a Presentation by Wunna Tun, Governance Thematic Coordinator at ActionAid Myanmar www.socialchangemaker.blogspot.com

1. Understanding on Myanmar Governance
System and Role of Parliamentary on
Union Budgeting Process
Adapted from a presentation by Wunna Tun

2. Power separation in Myanmar (2008
constitution)
Judicial
power
Executive
power
Legislative
Power
State and Divisions

3. The Structure of Legislature
Name of the
Hluttaw
Civilian Military
Personnel
total
Pyithu Hluttaw 330 110 440
Amyotha
Hluttaw
168 56 224
Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw
498 166 664

4. The Structure of Legislature
Name of the
Hluttaw
Civilian Military
Personnel
total
Pyithu Hluttaw 330 110 440
Amyotha
Hluttaw
168 56 224
Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw
498 166 664
President
Electoral
Colleage

5. State Structure
“Pyidaungsu Thamada
Myanmar Naing-Ngan Daw”
President/Head Of State
Judiciary
The Supreme
Court
Chief Justice
Executive
The President &
Vice Presidents
The Cabinet
The Attorney
General
The Auditor
General
Legislature
Pyidaung su
hluttaw
Amyotha
Hluttaw
Pyithu
Hluttaw

6. Regional Government Structure
CHIEF MINISTER
Judiciary Executive Legislature

7. Presidential Inaugural Address
 Good Governance and Clean Government.
 Democratic Practices
 Rule of Law
8 Major Key Promises of the President to alleviate
poverty in Myanmar :
1. Development of Agricultural Production
2. Development of Small scale production
3. Domestic production in village level
4. Development of Private Micro-finance Sector
5. Development of Village level Co-operative Org
6. Development of Village level Socio economy
7. Development of Village level energy sector
8. Environmental Protection

8. Focus more on political reforms:
Peace Talk, Bi election, Release of
prisoners
Focusing on good governance,
Clean government
Institutional reforms
First Stage Reform ( Political Reform))

9. Second Stage of Economic Reform (Economic and Administrative
Reform)
Second
Stage
• Focusing more on Economic and
Administrative Reforms
Economic
• Rule of Law
Reform
• Close cooperation, coordination and
collaboration among the ministries, regional
and local governments

10. Third Stage Reform ( Institutional Reform)
• Reshuffling ministers and strengthening
institutions
• Replacing Myanmar into International
Community

11. Why National Development Plan and National Budget
are important?
Section 102.
• The Bills, which are to be discussed and resolved
exclusively at the PyidaungsuHluttaw need to be vetted
before being discussed at the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, those
Bills shall be vetted jointly by the Pyithu Hluttaw Bill
Committee and the Amyotha Hluttaw BillCommittee, and
the findings and remarks of the Joint Committee together
with the Bill maybe submitted to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
session in accord with the prescribed procedures.

12. vision
- to become a modern developed
nation that meets the aspirations
of its people for a better life.

13. Process of National Development Plan
National Development Plan
Regional Development Plan
District Development Plan
Township Development Plan
Village Development Plan

14. NCDP
4th five year (2027-
2031)
3rd five year(2022-2026)
2nd five year (2017-2021)
First five year ( 2011-2016)
ဘက္စံု အမ်ဳိးသားဖ်ဳိးံ ံ႕ၿ ်ဳိးတ်ဳိးတက္္ေုရ်ဳိးစီမမံက္္း္ု်ဳိး
အခန္ဇယဖ်ဳိး
(National Comprehensive Development Plan)
Shortterm
plan
Longtermplan
Mediumterm
plan

15. The Legislative Body

16. Amyotha Hluttaw Structure (After 2012 by- election)
Party Seat Seat %
USDP 124 55.37
Appointed 56 25
RNDP 7 3.13
NUP 5 2.23
NLD 4 1.78
NDF 4 1.78
CPP 4 1.78
SNDP 4 1.78
ARDP 3 1.34
PSDP 3 1.34
CNP 2 0.89
WDP 1 0.45
Others 7 3.13
Total 224 100%

17. Pyithu Hluttaw Structure (After 2012 by- election)
Party Seat Seat %
USDP 212 48.18
Appointed 110 25
NLD 37 8.41
SNDP 18 4.09
NUP 12 2.73
RNDP 9 2.05
NDF 6 1.82
ARDP 3 0.68
PNO 3 0.68
CNP 2 0.45
CPP 2 0.45
PSDP 2 0.45
WDP 2 0.45
Others 10 2.28
Vacant 10 2.28
Total 440 100

18. The Legislative Branch
Pyithu HluttawAmyotha Hluttaw
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
Enacting Bill
Check & balance
Child
Protection
Law
Submit to Amyotha Hluttaw
Refuse, Amend, Approve
Amending
bills
Union Budget Law
National Planning Law
Taxation Law

19. Functions of a Parliamentary
Committee
• General Functions:
- Parliamentary Committees can range over all over all the
functions that the legislature itself performs.
- Finding out facts of a case or issues, examining witnesses,
sifting evidence and drawing up reasoned conclusions.
• Accountability: Providing to increase ability for the parliament
to scrutinize government policy and expenditure.
- Has responsibility to provide oversight of government agencies
within specific portfolios. ( To conduct inquires, to compel the
attendance of persons and presentation of documents and to
make reports and recommendations Parliament.

20. Types of Parliamentary Committee
• Standing Committee
• Select or Special Committees
• Joint Committees ( Conference Committees)
• Subcommittees
• Commission

21. National Budgeting Process

22. President
Vice-PresidentVice President
National Financial
Commission
National Budget Bill Regional Budget Bill
Submitting to Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
Scrutinizing by
respective joint
committees
Voting to approve or not
Voting at Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw
Approving and signing by The
PresidentNational Budget Regional Budget
Enact after 14 days Enact after 14 days
CooperationCooperation

26. Thank You…