Fun and Games Linux Game Servers

Fun and Games
Linux Game Servers
Joseph Guarino
Owner/Sr. Consultant Evolutionary IT
www.evolutionaryit.com

Objectives

?

Copyright © Evolutionary IT 2008

2

Objectives

FUN!

3

What is that!?
1. Something that brings us joy, laughter or
amusement.
2. Something we need more of in our
complex adult lives..
3. Video games!

4

Let's Play!

Identify the game.


5

Example


6

Example

©Atari 1972


7

Example

©Atari 1980


8

Example

©Namco 1980


9

Example


10

Example

© ID Software 1993


11

Example

© Apogee 1996


12

Example

©Jaleco 1998


13

Example

© ID Software 1999


14

Example

© Epic Games 2004


15

Example

© Epic Games 2007


16

Ok...

Now some real objectives...


17

Objectives
●

●

●

Demystify FOSS (Free and Open Source Software)
Have some fun with FOSS and show you how you
can build nearly ANYTHING with it. In particular a
home game server.
FOSS Security and Networking Options
(UFW/Pfsense)

●

Quick overview of FOSS Virtualization choices.

●

2 Example game setups


18

Who am I?
●

●

●

Joseph Guarino
Working in IT for last 15 years: Systems,
Network, Security Admin, Technical Marketing,
Project Management, IT Management
CEO/Sr. IT consultant with my own firm
Evolutionary IT

●

CISSP, LPIC, MCSE, PMP

●

www.evolutionaryit.com


19

?

How many of you are familiar with or use
Linux or Free and Open Source Software in
some way?


20

What is FOSS/FLOSS?








Free and Open Source Software
Alternative term to describe software spectrum
from free to open.
FLOSS or Free/Libre/Open-Source Software.
Libre is used to clarify the ambiguity of the word
free in English.


21

What is FOSS?
●

●

●

●

Represents a spectrum of licenses from Free to
Open.
FOSS (Free and Open Source Software) is a
software licensing model that allows anyone the
liberty to use, extend and distribute the software as
they see fit.
FOSS is unique as well in that it produces
innovation quickly by the very concept of open,
cooperative, collaborative efforts.
Commercial software is much more restrictive.

FOSS vs Commercial Software




Licensed with very specific rights associated with its
use, modification, distribution and use that are not
commonly available to a user via commercial “closed”
software.
Software licenses of traditional commercial software
define specific permission, rights and restrictions.



Licensee determines the license terms.



Much more restrictive that FOSS.



Freedom, sharing, collaboration are not inherit parts of
this traditional “closed” model which typifies the
traditional software industry.


24

What FOSS is NOT
●

≠ Freeware

●

≠ Shareware

●

≠ Public Domain Software

●

≠ Malware, spyware, adware, badware
etc. Community standards general
prohibit this.


25

Types of FOSS

The licensing spectrum..


26

Many FOSS Licenses
●

●

●

●

There are many FOSS licenses
each which allow different rights
and responsibilities
Most popular are GNU General
Public License, GNU Lesser
General Public License, BSD
License, Mozilla Public License,
MIT License and the Apache
License.
OSI Licenses – OSI Software
Definition
http://opensource.org/licenses/
FSF Licenses – Free Software
Definition
http://www.gnu.org/licenses/


27

OSI
●

●

●

●

●

OSI – non-profit created in 1998
by Bruce Perens & Eric Raymond
to promote “open source.”
Open source was a repositioning
of free software with a term that
was to clear up the ambiguity
seen in the term free.
Attempt was to make free
software provide a more business
friendly effort.
Uphold and promotes Open
Source Definition.
http://www.opensource.org/


28

Common FOSS

Misperceptions..


29

FUD is wrong

Fear, uncertainty and doubt (FUD) that
FOSS is not unstable, untested, insecure
software. It's quite the opposite...


30

Few facts of note

FOSS FACTS


31

FOSS FACTS
●

FOSS IS everywhere!

●

Have you used that Internet?

●

●

> 50% of Webservers (Netcraft),
~65-70% DNS, >50%(ISC) Email Servers (
Credentia/O'Reilly).
It has been critical in the evolution of the
Internet.


32

FOSS FACTS
●

●

Supercomputer – 75% of supercomputers
run Linux. www.top500.org
Rendering Farms – Dominates
Disney/Pixar, Dreamworks, Sony, etc.

●

SOHO – Linksys, Netgear, D-Link

●

Mobile Phones – Android, Openmoko

●

Even toys! LEGO Mindstorm NXT


33

Who uses it?
●

●

●
●

Redhat, Sun, Dell, IBM, HP, Novell, Oracle,
Intel,Canonical are big players behind it.
Business, government, military, educational and
scientific community, i.e. NSA, FBI, CIA, NSF,
NASA, Wall Street.
Google, Yahoo, Adobe, Juniper.
I bet its on your corporate network, at home, in
your car or phone right now.


34

Why

The FOSS model works...


35

FOSS Model works
●

●

●

●

The FOSS model of cooperative, collaborative
efforts yields amazing innovations but that
hardly only applies to software.
It has been applied in many other ways:
Education – OLPC, MIT OpenCourseWare,
Wikipedia, California Open Source Textbook
Scientific – Boinc, Cambia, Human Genome
Project, GenBank, Tropical Disease Initiative


36

FOSS and Capitalism
●

●

Some have mischaracterized FOSS as
diametrically opposed to capitalism.
Those suppositions show a fundamental
lack of understanding of FOSS and its
business model.

●

FOSS thrives for many reasons.

●

Business involvement is one of them.


37

Industry Projections
●

Sales of open source software will grow from $1.8bn in
2006 to $5.8bn in 2011. Matt Lawton, program director
for IDC's Open Source Software Business Models
research program, typified the current market as
"immature" and in the "early stages".


38

Distro/OS Options

Freedom and choice are yours


39

OS's (Linux/Unix - Commercial)
●

Linux/Unix Distros -

●

Redhat - www.redhat.com

●

Novell - www.novell.com

●

Canonical – www.canonical.com

●

Sun – www.sun.com

●

Commercial support

●

All of these projects have a community
driven effort.

40

OS's (Linux/Unix - Community)
●

Debian Linux - www.debian.org

●

Slackware - www.slackware.com

●

Ubuntu - www.ubuntu.com

●

Gentoo - www.gentoo.org

●

Fedora - www.fedoraproject.org

●

OpenSUSE - www.opensuse.org

●

Open Solaris - www.opensolaris.org

41

BSD's
●

FreeBSD - www.freebsd.org

●

OpenBSD - www.openbsd.org

●

●

●

●

●

Both are community driven but community support is
available.
No single company drives projects.
OpenBSD has stellar security history. Project is model
of success of security in the Open Source world.
Only 2 remote holes in the default install in 10 years!
O'Bsd brought you OpenSSH, OpenBGPD, OpenNTP and
OpenCVS.

42

Changing


43

Our Game Server Network

We are building our example/demo network
on...


44

Our server of choice

Ubuntu Server

45

Ubuntu Server
●

●

●

Ubuntu server is a very good choice for
almost any application you can dream up.
Open, flexible, scalable and secure.
Very supportable - support options are
supernumerary.

●

Landscape management suite.

●

Yes, Ubuntu rocks on the server as well!


46

Ubuntu Server
●

●

●

●

●

Based upon the long heritage of Debian
GNU/Linux
Characterized by six month release cycle
Suitable for nearly any enterprise need
from desktop to core infrastructure.
Web, Email, DNS, File Server, Database,
Routing, Firewall, etc.
Anything.

47

Ubuntu Family
●

●

●

●

●

Ubuntu – Core desktop effort.
Kubuntu – Ubuntu but with KDE desktop
environment.
Edubuntu – Ubuntu with focus on educational
space.
Xubuntu – Ubuntu “light” with snappy Xfce
with minimal hardware requirements.
Ubuntu Server – Ubuntu core with server
focus minus desktop, etc.

48

Ubuntu Server Features
●

●

●

●

●

●

Xen Virtualization, LTSP (Linux Terminal Server Project),
VMWare Virtualization, KVM (Kernel based virtual machines).
500 maintained and supported packages and over 20,000
thousands other packages for every possible need.
Red Hat Cluster Suite, Red Hat GFS, Oracle's OCFS2 File
system.
AppArmor security framework.
Pre-configured install options for Mail Server, File Server,
Print Server, Database Server, DNS, LAMP
Support for x86, AMD64, and UltraSPARC T1 architectures.


49

Ubuntu Package
●

Webserver – Apache, Aol server

●

Mailserver – Postfix, Exim, Dovecot, Zimbra

●

Proxy Server/Content Control – Squid, DansGuardian, SquidGuard, HAVP

●

Database Server – MySQL, PostgreSQL, DB2

●

DNS/DHCP – ISC Bind

●

File Server – NFS, Samba

●

Print Server - Cups

●

Directory Server – OpenLdap, Fedora Directory Server

●

Router - Quagga

●

Firewall – Shorewall, Fwbuilder, Firestarter

●

VPN – OpenVPN, SSL-Explorer, OpenSwan


50

APT
●

●

●

●

●

Advanced Packaging Tool is a package management
tool.
Handles the retrieval, configuration and installation of
software packages.
Automatic dependency checking and resolution.
Relies on repositories which are central “stores” of
available packages.
Has a myriad of front-ends such as Aptitude, Synaptic,
Adept.


51

Repositories
●

●

●

●

●

4 Components – based on whether or not it
supports Free Software Philosophy
Main – Free software that gets security updates
and its fully supported.
Restricted – Not completely free & partially
supported.
Universe – Snapshot of FOSS world with most any
application you can find in the open source world.
Variety of licenses.
Multiverse – Not free and not supported.

52

APT Examples
●

●

Note: root is disabled by default so sudo allows you to
run commands with superuser privileges
apt-get install packagename – installs software
package

●

apt-get remove packagename – removes package'

●

apt-get update – updates list of software packages.

●

●

apt-get upgrade – installs upgrades of all packages
currently installed.
apt-get dist-upgrade – upgrades to latest release.


53

Don't fear the CLI
●

●

●

Great Documentation - Ubuntu is extremely
well documented online and in the publishing
world.
man – will pull up the manual pages and help
you quite a bit.
Ex. man man


54

Ubuntu Support
●

Commercial support is available from the
Ubuntu Marketplace and Canonical.

●

Ubuntu Forums

●

Ubuntu IRC

●

Ubuntu Mailing Lists

●

Ubuntu LoCo Teams


55

Open

Virtualization Options


56

Open Virtualization
●

●

●

●

As with nearly every other space in the IT
industry FOSS has a strong/compelling set of
offerings.
So if you want to reduce physical, power,
cooling footprint.
Virtualization does a good thing for your wallet
AND the environment.
It helps to not annoy your significant other, wife
or roomies with racks of servers.

57

Prevent Server Sprawl

1958 Physicist William Higinbotham's Tennis for Two game. Now
thats a gaming rig!

58

Or this...


59

Open Virtualization
●

Xen - http://www.xen.org/

●

Virtual Box - http://www.virtualbox.org/

●

QEMU - http://bellard.org/qemu/

●

●

Linux KVM - (Kernel based Virtual Machine) http://kvm.qumranet.com/kvmwiki
OpenVZ - http://openvz.org/


60

FOSS Networking

So many choices


61

Networking
●

There are supernumerary firewall/routing
options in the FOSS world.

●

PFSense - www.pfsense.org

●

IPCOP - www.ipcop.org

●

Untangle - www.untangle.com

●

OpenWrt - www.openwrt.org

●

DD-WRT - www.dd-wrt.com

62

Our firewall choice


63

PFSense
●

Based on Monowall

●

Built on FreeBSD 6.1 with PF firewall from OpenBSD

●

BSD License

●

Live CD, Embedded, Hard Drive Install

●

Simple web management GUI

●

Can be built on i386, embedded, WRAP

●

Wifi support a/b/g, WEP, WPA/WPA2

●

Ipsec/PPTP/SSL VPN


64

PFSense Cont.
●

DNS, DHCP, Dynamic DNS support

●

Traffic Shaping with ALTQ

●

Multi WAN

●

Load Balancing

●

Fail over CARP

●

Dozens of plug-ins to expand

●

Commercial support available from dozens of vendors

●

http://www.pfsense.org


65

PFSense Hardware Requirements
●

Hard drive installation
–
–

CPU - 100 MHz Pentium

–

RAM - 128 MB

–

1 GB hard drive

–
●

CD-ROM for initial installation

Supported NIC's

Embedded
–
–

●

128 MB Compact Flash card
Serial port for console

PFSense Hardware Compatibility List


66

Netgate
●

Quality vendor of embedded systems with
a focus on FOSS compatibility.

●

Perfect for firewall, wireless, routing,etc.

●

Netgate M1n1wall firewall 3E/USB

●

www.netgate.com


67

Remember

Don't forget!


68

Um, Yeah
●

Give your server a static IP.

●

Note the ports your server will use.

●

●

DHCP got you down? Use Dynamic DNS
such as DynDNS.
Dynamic DNS Providers


69

Yeah! Please do!
●

●

●

●

Patch your OS's and applications before you go live
and with consistency there after. In your case join
Ubuntu Security Announce Mailing List.
Shut off/remove unneeded services or daemons.
Thats easy on Ubuntu server. =)
Enable and configure firewall, logging and even a
HID framework if you like.
Open ONLY the required ports.


70

Onward to the world of...

VIDEO GAMES!


71

Interesting Quote

Video games are bad for you? That's what
they said about rock and roll.
SHIGERU MIYAMOTO


72

Interesting Quote

Video games are a waste of time for men
with nothing else to do.
RAY BRADBURY
Salon.com, Aug. 29, 2001


73

Actually...
November 2005 Nielsen Active Gamer Study
A survey of 2,000 regular gamers, found that the U.S. games market is
diversifying. The age group among male players has expanded
significantly into the 25-40 age group. For casual online puzzle-style
and simple mobile cell phone games, the gender divide is more or less
equal between males and females. Females have been shown to be
significantly attracted to playing certain online multi-user video games
that offer a more communal experience, and small amount of young
females have been shown to play “aggressive” games that are
sometimes thought of as being "traditionally male" games.
41% of PC gamers are women. - ESRB


74

Industry Facts
●

●

●

Most estimate nearly $10 billion market it
the U.S. alone.
According to NDP Group, Console and
portable software sales: $6.2 billion,
console and portable hardware and
accessory sales: $3.7 billion, PC game
sales: $1.1 billion in 2007.
>100 million gamer worldwide as of
2005. Deutsche Bank Alex Brown.

75

FOSS Gaming

A few key contributions relating to our
highlighted games....


76

id Software
●

●

●

Founded 1991 by John Carmack (Lead
Programmer), John Romero (Programmer), Tom
Hall (Game Designer), Adrian Carmack (artist)
Amazing powerhouse of innovation in the
gaming industry. HUGE contribution to Open
Source.
Licensed its core engine (Keen, Wolfenstein,
Doom, Quake, Quake II, Quake II) to other
game producers.


77

id Software
●

●

●

●

John Carmack open sourced all major
engines under GPL.
Future releases will be made FOSS after
5 years.
id spurred innovation in gaming and
especially in the FOSS space.
Thank you ID Software!


78

ID's FOSS Engine Brethren
●

ioquake3

●

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioquake3

●

DarkPlaces

●

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DarkPlaces


79

2 Game Servers Examples


80

Nexuiz


81

Nexuiz
●

●

Cool futuristic first-person shooter with
single and multi-player modes.
9 weapons, 24 official maps and over 200
community maps.

●

Very cool slick GUI.

●

Think Quake or UT.


82

Nexuiz
●

Alientrap Software

●

GNU GPL (maps, models, everything)

●

DarkPlaces (modified Quake Engine)

●

Linux/Unix, OS X, MS Windows


83

Nexuiz Setup/Config
●

●

●

●

●

Unzip -d to where you want it. Usually sub
directory of home directory is easiest.
READ the readme file in Nexuiz/Docs/
Copy Nexuiz/Docs/server/server_linux.sh into
Nexuiz
Copy Nexuiz/Docs/server/server.cfg into Nexuiz/
data
Change the variables below and comment out
anything you don't want enabled.

84

Nexuiz server.cfg
●

hostname – will be the name of your server.

●

sv_motd – your message or insult of the day.

●

Maxplayers – max # of players.

●

●

●

Port – the port you want the server to run on. UDP
26000 is the default Nexuiz server port.
sv_public – set server to public or not.
rcon_password – set if you want remote management
password.


85

RCON
●

●

●

●

Rcon allows remote administration of the
server.
Pick a strong password.
Can login while on your client connected
to the server or add rcon password to
your client config.
Rcon User Guide


86

UFW
●

●

●

Ubuntu's Uncomplicated Firewall.
Simple syntax. Can use service name in /
etc/services or PF syntax.
Man ufw. =P


87

UFW for Nexuiz
●

sudo ufw logging on

●

sudo ufw default deny

●

sudo ufw allow ssh/tcp

●

sudo ufw allow 26000/udp

●

sudo ufw allow 81/tcp

●

sudo ufw enable

●

sudo ufw status


88

SSH Lockdown
●

●

●

●

●

Don't open up SSH to the internet and choose a weak
password!
You may want to allow SSH from only 1 host on your LAN I.e.
sudo ufw allow from 192.168.25.225 to 192.168.25.25 port
22
Consider running on different port, locking external firewall
to specific address/network of your “management node, Key
based Auth, Denyhosts, Port knocking or Single Packet Auth.
It might be better to VPN into your PFSense box and then
SSH to your server.


89

PFSense
●

●

●

Setup Inbound NAT/Port Forwarding rules
for the ports we need for the server to
work. Assuming 2 interfaces (LAN/WAN).
If you have 3 interfaces you can setup
LAN/WAN/DMZ).
26000 and 81 in the case of Nexuiz.


90

PFSense – Port Forward


91

PFSense Port Forward


92

Custom Maps
●

If you want custom maps you have to install a web or
ftp server.

●

We are going to install Lighthttpd

●

Sudo apt-get install lighttpd

●

Cd /etc/lighttpd

●

Edit lighttpd.conf

●

Put custom maps in /var/www and ~/games/Nexuiz/data

●

/etc/init.d/lighttpd restart


93

Custom Maps
●

Make sure your maps are in /var/http and
~/games/Nexuiz/data

●

Start up the Nexuiz server.

●

./server_linux.sh

●

fs_rescan

●

quit

●

./server_linux.sh

●

> /dev/null 2>&1 - Standard Output = 1, Standard Error = 2

●

On the Nexuiz console type maps


94

Nexuiz Setup/Config
●

●

●

●

●

Edit and customize server.cfg
Configure firewall UFW to open UDP
26000. Also open it on PFSense.
Once you locked down the network/server
you can fire up your server.
./server_linux.sh &
Have some FUN!


95

Nexuiz Support
●

Nexuiz Website

●

Nexuiz Forum

●

Nexuiz FAQ

●

IRC - #nexuiz on irc.quakenet.org


96

World of Padman
●

Fun cartoon like first person shooter.

●

GNU/GPL

●

Originally a mod for Q3 Arena

●

Ioquake3 engine


98

World of Padman
●

●

No single player or CTF.
Tournament, Free For All,
Deathmatch,Spray for all, Big Balloon
(Domination) and Last Man Standing.

●

Great maps!

●

Very FUN!


99

World of Padman
●

●

●

●

Unzip -d to where you want it. Usually sub
directory of home directory is easiest.
Cd into /WoP/wop and edit the config file
that corresponds to the server you want.
In our case edit server-allgametypes.cfg
Change the variables below and comment
out anything you don't want enabled.


100

World of Padman
●

●

server-allgametypes.cfg
set sv_hostname – to the hostname you want the
server to have.

●

set g_motd – set the message of the day.

●

set sv_maxclients – max users.

●

set bot_enable "1" – enable bots.

●

set bot_minplayers – number of bots to add if no
humans.


101

World of Padman
●

●

●

●

set g_gametype – gametype you want.
set rconpassword – set to unique password if
you need remote administration. Make sure to
comment it out if your not using it.
set sv_dlURL – place where your custom maps
go.
set sv_pure – set to pure server and reduce
cheating.


102

UFW for WoP
●

sudo ufw logging on

●

sudo ufw default deny

●

sudo ufw allow ssh/tcp

●

sudo ufw allow 27960/udp

●

sudo ufw allow 81/tcp

●

sudo ufw enable

●

sudo ufw status


103

PFSense
●

●

●

Setup Inbound NAT/Port Forwarding rules
for the ports we need for the server to
work. Assuming 2 interfaces (LAN/WAN).
If you have 3 interfaces you can setup
LAN/WAN/DMZ).
27960 and 81 in the case of Nexuiz.


104

PFSense – Port Forward


105

PFSense Port Forward


106

WoP
●

●

Fire it up!
./wopded.x86_64 +exec serverallgametypes.cfg > /dev/null 2>&1 &


107

WoP Support
●

www.worldofpadman.com

●

WoP Forums

●

WoP Wiki

●

WoP Server Guide

●

IRC #pamod on Quakenet


108

Quote
I recently learned something quite interesting about
video games. Many young people have developed
incredible hand, eye, and brain coordination in playing
these games. The air force believes these kids will be
our outstanding pilots should they fly our jets.
Ronald Reagan
Aug. 8, 1983


109

Gaming Benefits
●

●

Next time your wife, girlfriend, significant
other asks why you play games.
Say you are improving your visual acuity,
creative problem solving and attention
skills.


110

Are there other FOSS games?

Tons in every gaming genre...


111

Game Links Galore
●

Wikipedia List of Open Source Games

●

List of Open Source Games

●

Libre Game Wiki

●

Dmoz Directory - Open Source Games


112

FOSS Game Sites
●

www.linuxgames.com

●

www.tuxgames.com

●

www.liberatedgames.com

●

www.happypenguin.org


113

Funny Game Links
●

50 Worst Game Titles Ever

●

30 Dumbest Video Game Titles Ever

●

Some funny video games


114

Video Game Science
●

Video games improve spatial capacities

●

Video games improve visual attention skill

●

Video games improve spacial acuity

●

Grand Theft Childhood


115

Thanks to..
●

All the FOSS game programmers, graphic artists,
animators, sound editors, etc. who make these
great games possible.

●

The entire FOSS community

●

Nexuiz Team

●

World of Padman Team

●

Netgate, PFSense, DD-WRT and Ubuntu

●

Boston Network Users Group


116

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