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Water’s unique properties
  allow life to exist on
          Earth.
A. Life depends on hydrogen
bonds in water.
1. Water is a polar molecule.
   a. Polar molecules have slightly charged regions.

                         _


                         O
                     H       H
                 +               +


    b. Nonpolar molecules do not have charged
    regions.
    c. Hydrogen bonds form between slightly positive
    hydrogen atoms and slightly negative oxygen
    atoms.
Properties of water - video lesson - E Porter
2. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for five
important properties of water.

  a. Cohesion
  b. Adhesion
  c. High specific heat
  d. High heat of vaporization
  e. Less dense as a solid
3. Properties of water
      a. Cohesion – Attraction between particles of the
      same substance (why water is attracted to itself)
      - results in high surface tension (a measure of the
      strength of water’s surface)
      - produces a surface film on water that allows
      insects to walk on the surface of water
b. Adhesion – attraction between two different substances

       - water will make hydrogen bonds with other
       surfaces such as glass, soil, and plant tissues

        - capillary action – water molecules will climb   up a
thin glass tube
c. High Specific Heat – amount of heat needed
to raise or lower 1g of a substance 1°C.

     - ex. Hot sand vs. cold water

      -water resists temperature change     both
for heating and cooling

     - water can absorb or release large
     amounts of heat energy with little change in
actual temperature
Properties of water - video lesson - E Porter
d. High Heat of Vaporization – Amount of energy required
to convert 1g of a substance from a liquid to a gas

      - In order for water to evaporate, hydrogen bonds
      must be broken.

      - As water evaporates, it removes a lot of heat with
it
e. Water is less dense as a solid – ice floats

       - liquid water has hydrogen bonds that are
       constantly being broken and reformed

      - frozen water forms a crystal-like lattice whereby
molecules are set at fixed distances
4. Water is important for homeostasis (ability to maintain a
steady state despite changing conditions)

       a. makes a good insulator

       b. resists temperature change

       c. coolant

       d. ice protects against extremes (insulates
       frozen lakes)

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Properties of water - video lesson - E Porter

  • 1. Water’s unique properties allow life to exist on Earth.
  • 2. A. Life depends on hydrogen bonds in water. 1. Water is a polar molecule. a. Polar molecules have slightly charged regions. _ O H H + + b. Nonpolar molecules do not have charged regions. c. Hydrogen bonds form between slightly positive hydrogen atoms and slightly negative oxygen atoms.
  • 4. 2. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for five important properties of water. a. Cohesion b. Adhesion c. High specific heat d. High heat of vaporization e. Less dense as a solid
  • 5. 3. Properties of water a. Cohesion – Attraction between particles of the same substance (why water is attracted to itself) - results in high surface tension (a measure of the strength of water’s surface) - produces a surface film on water that allows insects to walk on the surface of water
  • 6. b. Adhesion – attraction between two different substances - water will make hydrogen bonds with other surfaces such as glass, soil, and plant tissues - capillary action – water molecules will climb up a thin glass tube
  • 7. c. High Specific Heat – amount of heat needed to raise or lower 1g of a substance 1°C. - ex. Hot sand vs. cold water -water resists temperature change both for heating and cooling - water can absorb or release large amounts of heat energy with little change in actual temperature
  • 9. d. High Heat of Vaporization – Amount of energy required to convert 1g of a substance from a liquid to a gas - In order for water to evaporate, hydrogen bonds must be broken. - As water evaporates, it removes a lot of heat with it
  • 10. e. Water is less dense as a solid – ice floats - liquid water has hydrogen bonds that are constantly being broken and reformed - frozen water forms a crystal-like lattice whereby molecules are set at fixed distances
  • 11. 4. Water is important for homeostasis (ability to maintain a steady state despite changing conditions) a. makes a good insulator b. resists temperature change c. coolant d. ice protects against extremes (insulates frozen lakes)