Survey on Nutritional Habits of Different Generations

67dim
Papahanasiou 41, Thessaloniki, GR
Survey on Nutritional Habits of
Different Generations

67dim
Papahanasiou 41, Thessaloniki, GR
The Teachers:
Mitzikou Irene
Androutsos Alexandros
Passidou Charikleia
The Students:
Orfanidis Alexandros
Bezani Kristo
Panou Dimitris
Kioses Theodoros
Drakakoudi Evaggelia
Konstandinidou Iordana
Presented by:

3
A few words about our survey
Great time with grandparents!
We interviewed not only our grandparents, but also
the elderly at the Elderly Association Centre of our
area.
67dim-thess.thess.sch.gr

4
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
UNDER 16 16-50 OVER 50
41%
8%
51%
Ages involved Simple Analysis
We wanted to study the diet habits of the
past and see if there have been any
changes. So we compared the diet habits
between our grandparents and us.
01 – Ages participating in the questionnaire.
Children vs grandparents

5
02 – Which was the most important meal when you were children?
Breakfast vs Lunch
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Breakfast, 42%
Breakfast, 36%
Breakfast, 30%
Lunch, 58%
Lunch, 64%
Lunch, 69%
Dinner, 0% Dinner, 0% Dinner, 1%
The most important meal of the day Simple Analysis
In the past lunch was the most important
meal of the day and nearly 70% of the
children didn’t eat breakfast. Today we
know that breakfast is the most important
meal and the past habit of omitting
breakfast tends to change.

6
03 – What did you usually have for breakfast?
Milk
25%
Honey
11%
Egg
11%
Cereals
10%
Butter
10%
Marmelade
10%
Other
7%
Chocolate
6%
Juice (fresh)
6%
Fruit
4%
BREAKFAST Simple Analysis
Our grandparents used to eat milk, eggs,
fresh butter, honey and a traditional home
made soup called trahanas. Nowadays we
still have milk and eggs, but we also have
cereals and chocolate cream which didn’t
exist at that time.
Comparisons of Column Proportionsa
Age
Children
under
16 yrs
Ages
between
16-50 yrs
Grandparen
ts above
50 yrs
(A) (B) (C)
03 What did you
usually have for
breakfast?
Milk with cereals B C
Fresh juice C
Butter A A
Chocolate cream C
Eggs A
Other A A

7
04 – How often did you have the following foods for lunch
weekly?
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Legumes Vegetables Dairy Products Meat Fish Pasta Fruit
This chart shows clearly that all ages had always had access to some foods such as fruit, dairy products
and vegetables, but not to the rest of them.
Daily 3-4 times Once or twice rarely never

8
How often did you have pasta?
Nowadays children eat pasta at least 3 times a week, whereas in the past our
grandparents had it only once a week!
Pasta
Total
Daily 3-4 times Once or twice
Rarely in the
month
Never
Age
Children under
16 yrs
10 25 20 3 0 58
17,2% 43,1% 34,5% 5,2% 0,0% 100,0%
Ages between
16-50 yrs
0 2 8 1 0 11
0,0% 18,2% 72,7% 9,1% 0,0% 100,0%
Grandparents above
50 yrs
8 17 32 10 1 68
11,8% 25,0% 47,1% 14,7% 1,5% 100,0%
Total
18 44 60 14 1 137
13,1% 32,1% 43,8% 10,2% ,7% 100,0%

9
67dim-
How often did you have fish?
Fish has always been consumed once or twice a week in our country, in some cases today
even 3-4 times. There is, however, a number of older people who didn’t have the chance
to eat fish so often!
Fish
Total
Rarely in the
month
Never
Age
Children under
16 yrs
1 7 33 16 2 59
1,7% 11,9% 55,9% 27,1% 3,4% 100,0%
Ages between
16-50 yrs
0 1 5 3 2 11
0,0% 9,1% 45,5% 27,3% 18,2% 100,0%
Grandparents above
50 yrs
1 3 29 32 3 68
1,5% 4,4% 42,6% 47,1% 4,4% 100,0%
Total
2 11 67 51 7 138
1,4% 8,0% 48,6% 37,0% 5,1% 100,0%

10
How often did you have meat?
Nowadays children eat meat 3-4 times a week, while in the past children used to eat
meat once a week at the most!
Meat
Total
Rarely in the
month
Never
Age
Children under
16 yrs
3 24 25 7 0 59
5,1% 40,7% 42,4% 11,9% 0,0% 100,0%
Ages between
16-50 yrs
0 2 5 4 0 11
0,0% 18,2% 45,5% 36,4% 0,0% 100,0%
Grandparents above
50 yrs
3 7 40 20 2 72
4,2% 9,7% 55,6% 27,8% 2,8% 100,0%
Total
6 33 70 31 2 142
4,2% 23,2% 49,3% 21,8% 1,4% 100,0%

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How often did you have legumes?
Legumes have always been consumed at least twice a week throughout the years. It is
due to the Mediterranean diet which has always been followed.
Legumes
Total
Rarely in the
month
Never
Age
Children under
16 yrs
2 15 29 11 2 59
3,4% 25,4% 49,2% 18,6% 3,4% 100,0%
Ages between
16-50 yrs
0 2 9 0 0 11
0,0% 18,2% 81,8% 0,0% 0,0% 100,0%
Grandparents above
50 yrs
8 16 41 7 1 73
11,0% 21,9% 56,2% 9,6% 1,4% 100,0%
Total
10 33 79 18 3 143
7,0% 23,1% 55,2% 12,6% 2,1% 100,0%

12
05 – Did you use to consume fruit and vegetables out of season?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
UNDER 16 16-50 ABOVE 50
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Fruit and Vegetables out of season Simple Analysis
In the past people didn’t use to consume
fruit and vegetables out of season.
Nowadays, however things have changed
and children have access to all fruit and
vegetables regardless of the season.

13
06 – Could you find non-seasonal fruit and vegetables in the
market?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Yes
Yes
YesNo
No
No
Non-seasonal fruit/vegetables Simple Analysis
As it is clearly stated by the chart people in
the past didn’t have the opportunity to find
non-seasonal fruit and vegetables, unlike
our times where we can find any
fruit/vegetable any time of the year.

14
07 – How did you preserve your food for a long period of time?
Pickles
23%
Frozen
18%
In Salt
15%
Canned
13%
Baked
10%
Drained
10%
Smoked
6%
Other
5%
WAYS FOR LONG TIME PRESERVATION Simple Analysis
The way to preserve food for a long time
has changed since our grandparents were
children. Freezing food is what we do today,
while in the past people used to preserve
them in salt or make different kind of
pickles.
Comparisons of Column Proportions
Age
Children
under
16 yrs
Ages
between
16-50 yrs
Grandparen
ts above
50 yrs
(A) (B) (C)
.07 How did you
preserve your food
for a long period of
time?
Preseved in salt A
Pickles A
Frozen C C

15
08 – Did you eat food with chemical preservatives?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
Chemical preservatives in food Simple Analysis
Chemical preservatives are widely used in
food restoration nowadays and in a way it is
quite difficult for us not to consume food
containing them. On the contrary they were
completely unknown in the past and thus
rarely or never used. Natural ways for
preserving food were more preferable and
thus healthier.

16
09 – What did you have for snack?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
CRISPS & CHIPS FRUIT BREAD &
CHEESE
CROISSANT HOT DOG
50.8%
83.1%
27.1%
40.7%
20.3%
9.1%
81.8% 81.8%
9.1%
0.0%1.4%
57.5%
86.3%
2.7% 1.4%
Evening
Under 16
16-50
Above 50
Simple Analysis
Hot dogs, croissants, crisps and chips are
widely consumed as snacks by children
nowadays, in contradiction to the past
when healthier food such as bread and
cheese, olives and fruit were their only
options. Of course fruits are also chosen
today.

17
10 - What did you have for dinner?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
WHAT WAS
FOR LUNCH
SANDWICH HOT DOG PIZZA BAKED
SANDWICH
33.9%
25.4%
10.2%
28.8%
72.9%
81.8%
0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
27.3%
59.5%
1.4% 1.4% 2.7%
12.2%
Dinner?
Under 16
16-50
Over 50
Simple Analysis
Lunch leftovers in smaller quantities were
the main option for dinner in the past.
Sandwiches, pizzas, baked sandwiches and
fast food in general is on the other hand
what is preferred by children today.

18
11 – What kind of sweets did you consume in your childhood?
52%
18%
7%
48%
82%
93%
Sweets availability
Ready Bought Home Made
Simple Analysis
Children in the past had access only in
home made sweets, which were made of
pure and healthy ingredients by their
mothers or grandmothers. Nowadays
children can easily find ready bought
sweets in low prices.

19
12 – When were spoon sweets and home made marmelades
prepared?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
42%
27%
15%
58%
73%
85%
Home made sweets and marmelades
time
Any season (including off
seasoned fruit)
In Season
Simple Analysis
In the past marmelades and home made
spoon sweets were only made with
seasonal fruit as people couldn’t find fruit
out of season. Also today, although fruit can
be found any season, housewives prefer
preparing their marmelades with seasonal
fruit.

20
13 – What ingredients did you use to make your sweets?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
SUGAR WHIPPED
CREAM
MILK CREAM MARGARINES COLORING
SUBSTANCES
91.2%
57.9%
61.4%
22.8%
10.5%
100.0%
18.2%
9.1%
45.5%
0.0%
80.8%
5.5%
12.3% 13.7%
2.7%
Ingredients used in sweets
Under 16
16-50
Over 50
Simple Analysis
Although whipped cream and milk cream
are extensively used in today’s pastry, they
were unknown in the past. Fresh butter has
been replaced by margarines, while sugar
and dairy products were and are still widely
used. Coloring substances which didn’t exist
in the past are also used nowadays.

21
14 – What ingredients did you use while cooking?
SEASONAL
VEGETABLES
FROZEN
VEGETABLES
HOME MADE
PASTA
READY BOUGHT
PASTA
LEGUMES
58.6%
29.3% 29.3%
34.5%
25.9%
81.8%
18.2%
54.5%
36.4%
63.6%
73.0%
6.8%
54.1%
10.8%
60.8%
Ingredients used in cooking
Under 16 16-50 Over 50
Simple Analysis
Seasonal vegetables, home made pasta and
legumes were the main ingredients in their
cuisine, whereas frozen vegetables and
ready bought pasta were almost non-
existing.

22
15 – Did the geolocation of your residence influence your diet
habits?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
25%
64%
56%
75%
36%
44%
Geolocation of home vs eating habits
Through the years
Yes No
Simple Analysis
The answer to this question is YES as far as
the past is concerned. Eating habits were
mainly based on local products. Things have
changed since then, though. Products can
be transported in long distances and non-
local products appear in the market. Exotic
fruits such as mango or avocado are good
examples of this situation.

23
16 – Were inhabitants of mountainous villages able to consume
fish and sea food frequently?
36%
27%
18%
64%
73%
82%
Fish availability in mountainous areas
Yes No
Simple Analysis
People living on the mountains didn’t have
the chance to eat fish frequently in the
past. However this tends to change
nowadays with the development of
transporting goods.

24
17 – How did you spent your free time?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
PLAYING OUTSIDE HELPING PARENTS
WITH CHORES
COMPUTER
GAMES
WATCHING TV
72.9%
39.0%
76.3%
81.4%
90.9%
72.7%
0.0%
63.6%
86.5%
63.5%
1.4% 4.1%
Past time activities
Under 16 16-50 Over 50
Simple Analysis
In the past children used to either play
team games with their friends outside or
help their parents with their house works
or field works. Whereas children today
either play computer games or watch t.v.
These activities offer no physical exercise
and lead to an unhealthy style of life.

25
18 – How did you move in short distances?
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
On foot
By bike
By car
other
46%
15%
31%
8%
73%
9%
0%
18%
69%
11%
0%
20%
Moving around
Over 50
16-50
Under 16
Simple Analysis
As we can see our grandparents used to
walk a lot for moving around every day.
Bikes and carriages were the other options
they had. Driving around which is so
popular today was out of question then.

26
Concluding we can say that people in the past
Used to consume more fresh
fruit and vegetables and less
meat
And generally they used to lead
a healthier life
Used to have healthier eating
habits and avoid preservatives
Used to exercise more
throughout their daily routine
Things have changed, but let our moto be:
“THINK TWICE – EATWISE!”

Survey on Nutritional Habits of Different Generations

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