November 3, 2013 Volcano Sinabung on north Sumatra, Indonesia erupts
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Mount Sinabung, an inactive volcano located in North Sumatra, Indonesia, erupted multiple times in late 2013, prompting evacuations of nearby villages. After being dormant for 400 years, Sinabung erupted in August 2010 and has had increasing activity since, including eruptions in September and October 2013 that forced the evacuation of over 3,500 villagers within 3 km of the volcano each time. The largest eruption was on November 3, 2013, when the volcano sent an ash plume 7,000 feet into the air, prompting another 1,500 people to evacuate within 3 km of the volcano. Indonesian authorities subsequently increased the alert level for Sinabung.
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November 3, 2013 Volcano Sinabung on north Sumatra, Indonesia erupts
- 1. MOUNT SINABUNG: NOV. 3, 2013
- 2. VOLCANO SINABUNG ON NORTH SUMATRA, INDONESIA ERUPTS November 3, 2013
- 3. MOUNT SINABUNG: NOV. 3, 2013
- 4. UNTIL AUGUST, 2010, SINABUNG HAD BEEN INACTIVE FOR 400 YEARS The August eruption led to an evacuation of 30,000 people
- 5. SEPTEMBER 2013 ERUPTION • An eruption in September 2013 also prompted an evacuation--about 3,500 villagers lining within 3 km of the volcano.
- 6. OCTOBER 2013 ERUPTION • Another eruption on October 24th also prompted an evacuation of about 3,500 villagers lining within 2-3 km of the volcano.
- 7. WHAT HAPPENED NOVEMBER 3RD • The 8,530-foot-high mountain erupted early on Sunday, November 3rd, sending a vertical ash plume 7,000 feet into the air. • This eruption prompted an evacuation of 1,500 people living within 3 km of the volcano.
- 8. INDONESIAN AUTHORITIES HAVE NOW INCREASED THE ALERT LEVEL
- 10. INDONESIA
- 12. VOLCANOES PART OF THE PACIFIC “RING OF FIRE,” INDONESIA HAS 127 ACTIVE VOLCANOES AS A RESULT OF COMPLEX SUBDUCTION OF THE INDO-AUSTRALIA AND EURASIATECTONIC PLATES
- 13. 542 OF THE 1,500 ACTIVE VOLCANOES ARE LOCATED IN “RING OF FIRE”
- 14. VOLCANO HAZARDS CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS • VERTICAL PLUME (can affect jet aircraft) • ASH AND TEPHRA • LATERAL BLAST • PYROCLASTIC CLOUDS, BURSTS, AND FLOWS
- 15. VOLCANO HAZARDS CAN HAVE FAR REACHING IMPACTS • LAVA FLOWS • LAHARS (can bury villages) • EARTHQUAKES (related to movement of lava) • “VOLCANIC WINTER” (causing famine and mass extinctions)
- 16. CAUSES OF RISK LATERAL BLAST PYROCLASTIC FLOWS FLYING DEBRIS VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS CASE HISTORIES VOLCANIC ASH LAVA FLOWS LAHARS TOXIC GASES
- 17. VOLCANO RISK •VOLCANO HAZARDS •PEOPLE & BLDGS. •VULNERABILITY •LOCATION DATA BASES AND INFORMATION ACCEPTABLE RISK RISK UNACCEPTABLE RISK INDONESIA’S GOAL: VOLCANO DISASTER RESILIENCE COMMUNITIES POLICY OPTIONS HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS • PREPAREDNESS •PROTECTION •EARLY WARNING •EMERGENCY RESPONSE •RECOVERY and RECONSTRUCTION
- 18. TOWARDS DISASTER RISK REDUCTION FOR VOLCANOES RISK ASSESSMENT • VULNERABILITY • COST • EXPOSURE VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS • EVENT EXPECTED LOSS • BENEFIT •CONSEQUENCES POLICY ASSESSMENT POLICY ADOPTION
- 19. THE KEYS TO RESILIENCE: 1) KNOW THE ERUPTIVE HISTORY OF YOUR REGION’S VOLCANOES, 2) BE PREPARED 3) HAVE A WARNING SYSTEM 4) EVACUATE 5) LEARN FROM THE EXPERIENCE AND START OVER
- 20. MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES AND WARNING SYSTEMS ARE A VITAL PART OF BECOMING RESILIENT
- 21. AIR AND LAND MONITORING TECHNOLOGIES ARE VITAL .