Grammar Review from Unit 1-2

1. Grammar Review
Unit 1 - 2

2. PHRASES
•Group of words
•Sing [1 word]
•Singing in the rain
•NOT a complete sentence

3. ADD SOME WORDS TO FORM A PHRASE
Cat - a cat on a hot tin roof
Bookstore - bookstore around the corner
Candies - a bag of delicious pink candies

4. CLAUSES [DETAILS IN COMPLEX SENTENCE]
•Subject + verb
•Two [2] types
•Main [Independent]
clause
•Can stand alone
•Subordinate clause
•FRAGMENT if stands
alone

5. SENTENCES
•Simple sentence
•Compound sentence
•Complex sentence

6. SIMPLE SENTENCE
•Minimum of a subject & a verb
•Independent clause = can stand alone
•A cat sat on a mat
•The cat was sleeping

7. COMPOUND SENTENCE
•Two [2] simple sentences joined
together with
•Coordinating conjunction
•FANBOYS
•Comma [,] between clauses

8. EXAMPLE
•Odie is about to have a hotdog, and
Garfield is standing behind him.

9. COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
•For - because || Yet - but
•I will love the light, for it shows me the
way, yet I will love the darkness
because it shows me the stars.
•Nor - and [in negative]
•A gem is not polished without rubbing,
nor is a man perfect without trials.

10. COMPLEX SENTENCE
•Main clause & subordinate
clause
•Main clause can stand alone
•Subordinate clause CANNOT

11. EXAMPLE
•I don’t like to go out when it
rains.
•I don’t like to go out - main clause
as it makes sense when standing
alone
•when it rains - subordinate clause
since it causes FRAGMENT when
standing alone

12. SUBORDINATE CLAUSES
•Adverb clause
•Relative clause
•Noun clause

13. ADVERB CLAUSE
•Used as modifier to the main clause
•Time: before, after, when
•Condition: if, unless, provided that
•Reason: because, as, since
•Concession: although

14. EXAMPLE
•Although time seems to fly, it never travels
faster than one day at a time. -- Steve
Malabori
•I will search for you through a
thousand worlds and ten thousand
lifetimes until I find you. -- 47 Ronin

15. RELATIVE CLAUSE
•Function as an adjective to the noun
that precedes
•The company is hiring a new
programmer who has experience in
Java program.
•The girl whose cat is missing is very
sad.

16. RELATIVE PRONOUN
•Who/whom
•Which
•Where
•When
•Why
•That

17. NOUN CLAUSE
•Function as a noun in a sentence
•Do you know where we are?
•I can’t believe that you are so mean.
•What she said is totally wrong.

18. COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE
•2+ independent clauses AND
•1+ dependent clause[s]
•While Jane is waiting for her friend,
Jill, who is always late, she has a good
time watching people walking by, and
she quite likes this time to herself.