it is PLC examples based on ld micro language on atmega8 controller

1. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
Juma Masjid Buildng , Thrissur Road, Tana - Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala, Pin-680121
Tel: 9895241319, 9744516101 email: e4emerging@gmail.com Web: emergingtechnolgies1.blogspot.in
3 A p r 2 0 1 4
PLC-LADDER LOGIC-ATMEGA8
Atmel AVR ATmega8 28-PDIP'
16.000000 MHz crystal
1)Digital input and output
Pin D1 will be high when a digital high is given at pin D0
LADDER DIAGRAM:
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|| Xd0 Yd1 ||
1 ||-------] [--------------( )-------||
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||------[END]-----------------------||
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I/O ASSIGNMENT:
Name | Type | Pin
----------------------------+--------------------+------
Xd0 | digital in | 2
Yd1 | digital out | 3
2) Input negated digital switch
Pin B0 in Microcontroller will be high when a digital low is given at pin
B6
LADDER DIAGRAM:
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|| Xb0 Yb6 ||
1 ||-------]/[--------------( )-------||
|| ||
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2. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
Juma Masjid Buildng , Thrissur Road, Tana - Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala, Pin-680121
Tel: 9895241319, 9744516101 email: e4emerging@gmail.com Web: emergingtechnolgies1.blogspot.in
||------[END]-----------------------||
|| ||
|| ||
I/O ASSIGNMENT:
Name | Type | Pin
----------------------------+--------------------+------
Xb0 | digital in | 27
Yb6 | digital out | 28
3)TON TIMER
The pin RB5 will on after one second delay after program starts
LADDER DIAGRAM:
|| ||
|| Tnew YRB5 ||
1 ||--[TON 1.000 s]---------( )-------||
|| ||
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||------[END]-----------------------||
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I/O ASSIGNMENT:
Name | Type | Pin
----------------------------+--------------------+------
YRB5 | digital out | 19
Tnew | turn-on delay |
4)XOR Gate
LADDER DIAGRAM:
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|| XD0 XD1 YB5 ||
1 ||-------] [--------------]/[------+-------( )-------||
|| | ||
|| XD0 XD1 | ||
||-------]/[--------------] [------+ ||
|| ||

3. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
Juma Masjid Buildng , Thrissur Road, Tana - Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala, Pin-680121
Tel: 9895241319, 9744516101 email: e4emerging@gmail.com Web: emergingtechnolgies1.blogspot.in
|| ||
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||------[END]----------------------------------------||
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I/O ASSIGNMENT:
Name | Type | Pin
----------------------------+--------------------+------
XD0 | digital in | 2
XD1 | digital in | 3
YB5 | digital out | 19
5)OR Gate
LADDER DIAGRAM:
|| ||
|| XDO YB5 ||
1 ||-------] [------+-------( )-------||
|| | ||
|| XD1 | ||
||-------] [------+ ||
|| ||
|| ||
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||------[END]-----------------------||
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I/O ASSIGNMENT:
Name | Type | Pin
----------------------------+--------------------+------
XD1 | digital in | 3
XDO | digital in | 2
YB5 | digital out | 19
6) AND Gate
LADDER DIAGRAM:
|| ||
|| XD0 XD1 YPB5 ||

4. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
Juma Masjid Buildng , Thrissur Road, Tana - Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala, Pin-680121
Tel: 9895241319, 9744516101 email: e4emerging@gmail.com Web: emergingtechnolgies1.blogspot.in
1 ||-------] [--------------] [--------------( )-------||
|| ||
|| ||
|| ||
||------[END]----------------------------------------||
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I/O ASSIGNMENT:
Name | Type | Pin
----------------------------+--------------------+------
XD0 | digital in | 2
XD1 | digital in | 3
YPB5 | digital out | 19
7)ADC with digital output
LADDER DIAGRAM:
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|| A5 ||
1 ||--------------------{READ ADC}----||
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|| [A5 <] YD3 ||
2 ||-----[ 500]-------------( )-------||
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|| [A5 >] YD4 ||
3 ||-----[ 499]-------------( )-------||
|| ||
|| ||
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||------[END]-----------------------||
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I/O ASSIGNMENT:
Name | Type | Pin

5. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
Juma Masjid Buildng , Thrissur Road, Tana - Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala, Pin-680121
Tel: 9895241319, 9744516101 email: e4emerging@gmail.com Web: emergingtechnolgies1.blogspot.in
----------------------------+--------------------+------
YD3 | digital out | 5
YD4 | digital out | 6
A5 | adc input | 28
8) UART
Send the letter “J” over uart
LADDER DIAGRAM:
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|| {A := } ||
1 ||-{ 'J' MOV}--||
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|| A ||
2 ||---{UART SEND}---||
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||------[END]------||
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9) Sending ADC result over UART
Here i have converted 10-bit ADC result into 8- bit data(ASCII code) by
dividing by 4 for proper UART reading
LADDER DIAGRAM:
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|| A5 ||
1 ||--------------------{READ ADC}----||
|| ||
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|| {DIV B :=} ||
2 ||-----------{ A5 / 4 }-----------||
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|| B ||

6. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
Juma Masjid Buildng , Thrissur Road, Tana - Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, Kerala, Pin-680121
Tel: 9895241319, 9744516101 email: e4emerging@gmail.com Web: emergingtechnolgies1.blogspot.in
3 ||---{UART SEND}--- ||
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|| {D := } ||
4 ||------------------{ 13 MOV}--||
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|| D ||
5 ||---{UART SEND}--- ||
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||------[END]-----------------------||
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I/O ASSIGNMENT:
Name | Type | Pin
----------------------------+--------------------+------
A5 | adc input | 28
B | UART tx | 3
D | UART tx | 3