2. The Calculus Controversy
- Since 1802
Objective: The students will be able to describe the cause and
conclusions of the calculus controversy with 85% accuracy.
5. The Birth:
Newton’s Calculus
Date: 1665-1666
Developed his calculus in his twenties.
Used as a means to support his physics.
Published in Philosophiae Naturalis Principia
Mathematica (Prinicipia) in 1687.
6. The Birth:
Leibniz’s Calculus
Date: 1675
Developed first by the integral then by the
differential.
is the sum
d is for the difference
Published in the Acta Eruditorum in
1684.
7. The Controversy:
Beginning
The fuel to the fire:
Newton’s lack to publish his work
Leibniz’s correspondence with Newton
The first accusation of plagiarism
against Leibniz was stated by
Nicolas Fatio de Duiller.
8. The Controversy:
Building of the Storm
In 1704, The Optiks was published.
Newton made a statement that Leibniz may
have copied his work.
Leibniz countered by criticizing
Newton’s work.
The statement angered nearly all of
England.
1708, Leibniz was accused of plagiarism by
John Keill.
9. The Controversy:
Full Blown
The charge was made in 1708.
Leibniz’s copy was delayed until 1711.
The Royal Society’s intervention
In 1711, the Royal Society created a
committee to look into the matter.
At this time Newton was the president of
the Society.
10. The Controversy:
Ending
The Royal Society decision:
Newton was the first inventor of the
calculus
Leibniz was not injured by Keill’s remark.
This decision was published as the
Commercium Epistolicum in 1712
Death of Leibniz in 1716
11. After the Death
Burialof Leibniz
Only one person was present.
Newton’s slandered
Second edition of Commercium
Epistolicum
England’s rejection
England would only teach English
mathematics
Quiz
NO foreign works Time
12.
13.
14. The committee
11 members
6 mathematician
2 foreigners
Only one was a mathematician
7 were friends of Newton
15. Quiz Time
At what age did Newton develop his calculus?
a. 30s
b. 20s
c. 40s
16. Who was the first that stated that Leibniz could
have plagiarized?
a. Sir Isaac Newton
b. Nicolas Fatio de Duiller
c. John Keill
17. What were the findings that the Royal
Society published about the controversy?
18. Who is considered the inventor of
calculus?
a. Isaac Newton
b. Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
c. Both
19. Credits
Video:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=axZTv5YJssA
Images:
Slide 5:
Slide 6:
Slide 7:
Slide 14:
All other images were acquired from free sources
and wikipedia.