If an independent project with conventional- or normal- cash flows is.docx

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If an independent project with conventional, or normal, cash flows is being analyzed, the net present value (NPV) and internal rate of return (IRR) methods agree. Projects W and X are mutually exclusive projects. Their cash flows and NPV profiles are shown as follows. If the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for each project is 6%, do the NPV and IRR methods agree or conflict? A key to resolving this conflict is the assumed reinvestment rate. The IRR calculation assumes that intermediate cash flows are reinvested at the and the NPV calculation implicitly assumes that the rate at which cash flows can be reinvested is the As a result, when evaluating mutually exclusive projects, the is usually the better decision criterion. Solution methods do agree. intermediate cash flows are reinvested at the Internal Rate of Return , and ...............which cash flows can be reinvested is the Cost of Capital . exclusive projects, the NPV is usually the better decision criterion. .

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Need a one response for each discussion post in 50 to 75 words Discussion post 1 Payback Period: The payback period refers to the amount of time it takes to recover the cost of an investment. Simply put, the payback period is the length of time an investment reaches a break-even point. The desirability of an investment is directly related to its payback period. Shorter paybacks mean more attractive investments. The payback period is the cost of the investment divided by the annual cash flow. The shorter the payback, the more desirable the investment. Conversely, the longer the payback, the less desirable it is. Net Present Value: Net Present Value (NPV) is the value of all future cash flows (positive and negative) over the entire life of an investment discounted to the present. NPV analysis is a form of intrinsic valuation and is used extensively across finance and accounting for determining the value of a business, investment security, capital project, new venture, cost reduction program, and anything that involves cash flow. Internal Rate of Return: Internal rate of return (IRR) is the discount rate that makes the net present value of all cash flows (both positive and negative) equal to zero for a specific project or investment. IRR: What Is It Used For? The internal rate of return is used to evaluate projects or investments. The IRR estimates a project’s breakeven discount rate or rate of return, which indicates the project’s potential for profitability. Based on IRR, a company will decide to either accept or reject a project. If the IRR of a new project exceeds a company’s required rate of return, that project will most likely be accepted. If IRR falls below the required rate of return, the project should be rejected. IRR Formula? You can use the following formula to calculate IRR: 0 (NPV) = P0 + P1/(1+IRR) + P2/(1+IRR)2 + P3/(1+IRR)3 + . . . +Pn/(1+IRR)n Profitability Index Definition: Profitability index method measures the present value of benefits for every dollar investment. In other words, it involves the ratio that is created by comparing the ratio of the present value of future cash flows from a project to the initial investment in the project. The Profitability Index Method is often times compared similarly to the Net Present Value Method for their close proximity. One should use caution when utilizing both the NPV and profitability index methods in tandem. Often times, it has been found that both methods can rank projects in a different way. One project could possibly be ranked number 1 for one of the methods while it ranks dead last in the other. Use digression when using both in tandem. There is relationship between profitability index and net present value method. If profitability index >1, the NPV is positive. If profitability index <1, NPV is negative. The profitability index is a relative measure of an investment’s value while NPV is an absolute measure. Discussion Post 2 The payback period depicts the dur.

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Real Option Strategic Approach to Find Optimal Company’s Source, GIBA 2014, 212-215 of Financing Dmytro Shestakov This article is devoted to investigation and evaluation of the project expanded NPV rather than simple or passive NPV depending on its available options of financing using real option approach. This approach combines ideas of corporate finance, real options and game theory and concludes to the Risk- Neutral Probability measure and the value of a Call Option that comes from Black-Scholes-Merton model. The findings enable us to estimate the value of managerial decisions, project flexibility and help managers to select the best choice of strategic financing and its available options and their respective combination. Any project whether it is launching or developing requires financing, that in most cases is covered by own funds partially, whereas the rest of by attracted facilities. On the one hand, financing attraction varies in different forms, e.g. loan, mezzanine, equity financing, or even concluding forward contracts. On the other hand, the proportion of each available source is important and stays under question. Therefore, the problem of better choice between available financing options and their respective combination exists. Correct decision thus is especially important as a real option implies the value that includes any direct and indirect costs and benefits connected with using such an option, besides its direct influence on investment attractiveness ratios and ultimate valuation of a project. Moreover, since financing attraction requires a valid business valuation, the real option effect is an integral part of any calculations connected with such. MAY 15-18, 2014 Clearwater Beach, Florida, USA Co-Editors: Prof. Dr. Cihan Cobanoglu Prof. Dr. Serdar Ongan

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Creating a PowerPoint presentation for capital budgeting involves outlining the process of evaluating and selecting long-term investment projects. Here's a suggested description for each slide: Slide 1: Title Slide Title: Capital Budgeting: Investing in Future Growth Subtitle: An Overview of Strategic Investment Decision-Making Your Name/Company Logo Slide 2: Introduction to Capital Budgeting Definition of Capital Budgeting Importance of Strategic Investment Decisions Objective: Optimal Allocation of Capital Resources Slide 3: Types of Capital Budgeting Decisions Overview of Capital Budgeting Decision Types: Expansion Projects Replacement Projects New Product Launches Cost Reduction Initiatives Slide 4: Capital Budgeting Process Sequential Steps in Capital Budgeting: Identification of Investment Opportunities Estimation of Cash Flows Evaluation of Cash Flows Selection of Projects Implementation and Monitoring

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Net present value (NPV) is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows over a period of time. It may be positive, zero or negative. NPV is used in capital budgeting and investment planning to analyze the profitability of a projected investment or project. Also known as sophisticated technique for capital budgeting exercise. It accounts for time value of money by using discounted cash flows in the calculation.

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Futurum training capital budgeting (intermediate) Date : see at the website “futurum corfinan” (2-day training) Venue : Hotel at Jakarta Pusat Notes : Presentation slides will be distributed in softcopy Minimum participants = 10 persons After the training, participants are allowed to discuss about the training materials via email in the website Contact email : futurumcorfinan@gmail.com Visit Website and Training Testimonials : google “futurum corfinan”

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WORKING CAPITAL PRACTICES WORKING CAPITAL PRACTICES Tanelle Peppers Business 650 Ashford University WORKING CAPITAL PRACTICESCapital budgeting are the planning methods used by organza tons to decide which of its long Term investments are worth pursuing. Since most organizations are at the moment restructuring Their working capital practices, in order to discover untapped cash sources .The main methods Used for capital budgeting are Internal rate of return, Net present value, Real options analysis, Payback period, Profitability index, and Equivalent annuity. Net Present Value It’s used in estimating each potential project's worth using a discounted cash flow valuation. The valuation requires estimating the size and timing of all the incremental cash flows from the project. The NPV is greatly affected by the discount rate, so selecting the proper rate–sometimes called the hurdle rate–is critical to making the right decision. This should reflect the riskiness of the investment, typically measured by the volatility of cash flows, and must take into account the financing mix. Managers may use models, such as the CAPM or the APT, to estimate a discount rate appropriate for each particular project, and use the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) to reflect the financing mix selected. A common practice in choosing a discount rate for a project is to apply a WACC that applies to the entire firm, but a higher discount rate may be more appropriate when a project's risk is higher than the risk of the firm as a whole. Internal Rate of Return The internal rate of return (IRR) is defined as the discount rate that gives a net present value (NPV) of zero. It is a commonly used measure of investment efficiency. The IRR method will result in the same decision as the NPV method for non-mutually exclusive projects in an unconstrained environment, in the usual cases where a negative cash flow occurs at the start of the project, followed by all positive cash flows. Nevertheless, for mutually exclusive projects, the decision rule of taking the project with the highest IRR, which is often used, may select a project with a lower NPV. One shortcoming of the IRR method is that it is commonly misunderstood to convey the actual annual profitability of an investment. Accordingly, a measure called "Modified Internal Rate of Return (MIRR)" is often used. Payback Period Payback period in capital budgeting refers to the period of time required for the return on an investment to "repay" the sum of the original investment. Payback period intuitively measures how long something takes to "pay for itself.” All else being equal, shorter payback periods are preferable to longer payback periods. The payback period is considered a method of analysis with serious limitations and qualifications for its use, because it does not account for the time value of money, risk, financing, or other important considerations, such as the opportunity cost. Profitability Index Prof.

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Identify which of the following is NOT a TCP/IP Attack: Question 5 options: a) SQL Injection b) Source Routing Attack c) IP Spoofing Attack d) SYN Flood Attack The software-based access control that identifies data items that require different types of protection is: Question 8 options: a) encryption b) need to know c) internal security labeling d) integrity checking A point of presence system that analyzes network traffic to detect leaking data is: Question 19 options: a) a data loss prevention system b) an intrusion detection system c) an intrusion prevention system d) a DMZ Solution 5) a) SQL Injection 8) c) internal security labeling 19) a) a data loss prevention system .

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Identifying Matter: Physical Properties (Section 1.4 15. The elements sulfur and bromine are shown in the photograph. Based on the photograph, describe as many proper tiles of each sample as you can. Are any properties the samme? Which properties are different? Sulfur and bromine. The sulfur is on the flat dish; the bromine is in a closed flask. ou see a crystal of the min- Solution Physical form - Sulfur is in solid form whereas Bromine is a mixture of liquid and vapour form. No similarity is present. This property is completely different Color - Sulfur is light yellow color whereas Bromine liquid and vapour both has dark orangish color. No similarity is present. This property is completely different. Volatility - sulphur is not volatile and kept open in the atmosphere whereas bromine liquid is volatile and kept in a closed flask otherwise all Bromine liquid will convert to Bromine vapour and this vapour will dissipate in atmosphere. No similarity is present. This property is completely different. .

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Identifying aclds and bases by their reaction with water Kri Some chemical compounds are listed in the first column of the table below. Each compound is soluble in water. Imagine that a few tenths of a mole of each compound is dissolved in a liter of water. The important chemical species that would be present in this solution are written in the second column of the table. Use the checkboxes to classify each compound. type of compound (check all that apply) important species present when dissolved in water compound strong weak strong weak acid acid basebase ionic mol KCI K CI, H,0 NH, HNO ?? NH OH NH, H20 H,o\'. C,H,0 Solution The species that give off their H+ readily are strong acids and those who dissociate partially are called weak acids. The species that give off OH- ions readily are strong bases and those who dissociate partially are weak bases. The ionic compounds have ionic bonds between the ions , whereas molecular compounds do not. So here : KCl = ionc , NH3 = molecular , weak base HNO2 = molecular , weak acid HCl = molecular , strong acid .

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Identify the two primary sources of stockholders equity, and which source would be considered to be internally generated? Solution Stockholders equity is built on two parts Paid Up capital: When initially shares are issued in an IPO to the public the stockholder\'s equity has two parts i.e. face value of shares and the additional paid up capital i.e. price at which share was sold in the IPO less the face value. Retained Earnings: Retained earnings form the second component of the Stockholder\'s equity. Each year a part of Net Income might be paid off by the company as dividend to preferred and common share holders. The amount left after paying dividends is called retained earning and is added to stock holder\'s equity. Retianed earnings are the internally generated source of stockholder\'s equity becasue it comes from the earnings of the organization which are generated by selling products and not by accessing capital markets. .

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If you had a system, that had large amounts of daily data inflows, that you were running queries on yearly data, how would you position Flume,Hive and Impala for this system Solution As we have system that have large amount of daily data inflows, and we also running queries on yearly data, in this case its important to collect and analyze the data. This collection of logs of the data is being done by Flume and Hive. This is why Flume and hive lots of importance in the system where we are dealing with large amount of data. We required to collect the logs because of following reasons: 1. In error scenario, if we have proper logs then its easy to go to the root cause of the problem. 2. These logs provides the proper picture of the system, its in\'s and out\'s of the system. Flume is basically a opne-source software used for log collection. Its also can be used for montioring the log files, by installing it to various host machines. Hive integration can be done with Flume to get more features. Impala is also used for data analytic\'s and its also open-source to use. .

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If two points are in a common reference frame, then a They are not in motion relative to each other. They are not accelerating relative to each other. They are in the same gravitational field. They must be the same point. Solution the motion has to be described with respect to a reference frame Now in the given scenario if both the particles are in the same frame of reference, it may be possible that both of them are moving with respect to the frame of reference. With the given options, it is most likely that they are not moving relative to each other. (a) any information about the nature of reference frame could have been more useful. .

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Identify and prioritize information assets. Identify and prioritize threats to information assets. Choose a company (any company that interests you) to use as your company (You may also use your personal system as your company). You will assume the role of the Chief Security Officer of the company. You will identify all of your security assets. You will then identify and prioritize the threats to those assets. See NIST Special Publication 800-26 for guidance in doing the self-assessment. Solution In information security, computer security and network security an Asset is any data, device, or other component of the environment that supports information-related activities. Assets generally include hardware (e.g. servers and switches), software (e.g. mission critical applications and support systems) and confidential information.Assets should be protected from illicit access, use, disclosure, alteration, destruction, and/or theft, resulting in loss to the organization. .

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If the Android platform you are developing for does not support fragments, how would you go about providing fragment-like processing in you Android Application ? Hints: Would you have multiply activities? Which UI elements (controls/widgets) would you use? Solution A Fragment represents a behavior or a portion of user interface in an Activity.. One big reason to stick with the SupportFragment for a while is that you do not have access to the ChildFragmentManager until API17. Instead of creating fragments we can use by custom views for mutliple display. Letâ€™s implementation of fragments in views. First, weâ€™ll have the notion of a Container, which can show an item and also handle back presses. The activity assumes thereâ€™s always a container and merely delegates the work to it. The list is also quite trivial. Now, the meat of the work: loading different XML layouts based on resource qualifiers. Using custom views works great, but we would like to isolate business logic into dedicated controllers. we call those parameters. This makes the code much more readable and facilitates testing. MyDetailView could look something like this Make your fragments shells of themselves. Pull view code up into custom view classes, and push business logic down into a presenter that knows how to interact with the custom views. Then, your fragment is nearly empty, just inflating custom views that connect themselves with presenters: At that point you can eliminate the fragment .

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E13-7 On January 1, 2010, the stockholders\' equity section of Nunez Corporation shows: Common stock ($5 par value) $1,500,000; paid-in capital in excess of par value $1,000,000; and re tained earnings $1,200,000. During the year, the following treasury stock transactions occurred. Mar. 1 Purchased 50,000 shares for cash at $15 per share. July 1 Sold 10,000 treasury shares for cash at $17 per share. Sept. I Sold 8,000 treasury shares for cash at $14 per share. Instructions (a) Journalize the treasury stock transactions. Solution Journalize the treasury stock transactions. (For multiple debit/credit entries, list amounts from largest to smallest eg 10, 5, 3, 2.) Date Account/Description Mar.1 Dr Treasury stock 750,000 (50,000 x $15) Cr Cash 750,000 July 1 Dr Cash 170,000 Cr Treasury stock 150,000 (10,000 at COST of $15) Cr Paid-in cap. from treasury stock 20,000 At this point your Paid-in cap. from treasury stock stands at $20,000 (credit). Sept. 1 Dr Cash 112,000 (8,000 x $14) Dr Paid-in cap. from treasury stock 8,000 Cr Treasury stock 120,000 (8,000 at COST of $15) .

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E 4. Elijah Samuels and Tony Winslow agreed to form a partnership. Samuels contributed $200,000 in cash, and Winslow contributed assets with a fair market value of $400,000. The partnership, in its initial year, reported net income of $120,000. Calculate the distribution of the first year\'s income to the partners under each of the following conditions: 1. Samuels and Winslow failed to include stated ratios in the partnership agreement. 2. Samuels and Winslow agreed to share income and losses in a 3:2 ratio. 3. Samuels and Winslow agreed to share income and losses in the ratio of their original investments. 4. Samuels and Winslow agreed to share income and losses by allowing 10 percent interest on original investments and sharing any remainder equally. Solution 1. When there is no stated ratio then profit distributed equally Share of Samuels = 120000x1/2= 60000 Share of winslow= 120000x1/2 = 60000 2. Share of Samuels=Â Â 120000x 3/5 = 72000 Share of winslow= 120000x2/5 = 48000 3. Value of investments= Samuels (200000) + Winslow (400000)= 600000 Share of samuels = 120000x200000/600000 = 40000 Share of winslow = 120000x 400000/600000= 80000 4. Income after interest on investments = 120000- 600000x10%= 60000 Share of samuels = 60000x1/2 = 30000 Share of winslow = 60000x1/2 =30000 .

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During October, Wichita Light Company experiences the following transactions in establishing a petty cash fund. Journalize the entries in October that pertain to the petty cash fund. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) Date Account Titles and Explanation Debit Credit Oct. 1 Oct. 31 During October, Wichita Light Company experiences the following transactions in establishing a petty cash fund.Journalize the entries in October that pertain to the petty cash fund. (Credit account titles are automatically indented when amount is entered. Do not indent manually.) Solution Petty Cash Fund Business generally keeps small amounts of cash to meet small obligations such as emergency supplies, small delivery charges etc. This is called petty cash fund. The person who is responsible for maintaining the petty cash fund, documentation of disbursements made, and reconciling the petty cash is called .

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During 2011, Arthur Corportation reported a net income of $3,059,000. On January 1, Arthur had 2,800,000 shares of common stock outstanding. The company issued an additional 1,680,000 shares of common stock on October 1. In 2011, the company had a simple capital structure. During 2012, there were no transactions involving common stock, and the company reported net income of $4,032,000. 1. Determine the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding each year. 2. Compute earnings per shre for each year. Solution Answer : 1. weighted-average number of common shares outstanding each year. Note : = (3/4 * 2,800,000) +(1/4 *1,680,000) = 2,100,000 + 420,000 = 2,520,000 In year 2012 new shares are not purchased hence (Opening balance * 1) = 4,480,000 2. earnings per shre for each year Note : earnings per share = Net Income / Weighted Average No of outstanding shares .

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Driving School has 4 learning centres. The network of each learning centre is a LAN of its own. Network Cheap is contracted to install network connections between the learning centres. Network Cheap proposed to use RIP version 2. As the CEO of Driving School, will you accept this proposal? If you do not accept the proposal, what would you use for the routing protocol? Give your reasons. Solution IGRPâ€”Interior Gateway Routing Protocol , EIGRPâ€”Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol or OSPF V2â€”Open Shortest Path First came to a mind but RIP V2â€”Routing Information Protocol is a good choice The characteristics of RIPv2 follow: Distance-vector protocol. Uses UDP port 520. Classless protocol (support for CIDR). Supports VLSMs. Metric is router hop count. Maximum hop count is 15; infinite (unreachable) routes have a metric of 16. Periodic route updates sent every 30 seconds to multicast address 224.0.0.9. 25 routes per RIP message (24 if you use authentication). Supports authentication. Implements split horizon with poison reverse. Implements triggered updates. Subnet mask included in route entry. Administrative distance for RIPv2 is 120. Used in small, flat networks or at the edge of larger networks. IGRP Converges slowly infact slower than RIP and for IGRP , OSPF or EIGRP all routers must be from Cisco Systems ( big constraint) .

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Donnie Hilfiger has two classes of stock authorized: S1 par preferred and S0.01 par value common. As of the beginning of 2015, 200 shares of preferred stock and 3,900 shares of common stock have been issued. The following transactions affect stockholders\' equity during 2015: March 1 Issues 1,000 shares of common stock for $41 per share. May 15 Repurchases 600 shares of treasury stock for S34 per share. July 10 Reissues 100 shares of treasury stock purchased on May 15 for $39 per share. October 15 Issues 100 shares of preferred stock for $44 per share. December 1 Declares a cash dividend on both common and preferred stock of SO.55 per share to all stockholders of record on December 15. (Hint Dividends are not paid on treasury stock.) December 31 Pays the cash dividends declared on December 1. Donnie Hilfiger has the following beginning balances in its stockholders\' equity accounts on January 1, 2015: Preferred Stock, S200; Common Stock, S39; Additional Paid-in Capital, $75,000; and Retained Earnings, $30,000. Net income for the year ended December 31, 2015, is $10,700. Taking into consideration all the transactions during 2015, respond to the following for Donnie Hilfiger: 4 .56 points Prepare the statement of stockholders\' equity for the year ended December 31, 2015. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated by a minus sign.) Solution Par Value = 1000*0.01 = 10 Additional Paid in Capital = 40990 Par Value = 100 Additional Paid in Capital = 4300 .

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Doris Washington recently assumed her new position as HR Director at the XYZ Company, a software development firm with approximately 350 employees. Her staff includes a seasoned generalist as well as a benefits clerk. During her first 90 days on the job, Doris has noted the following issues that seem to be embedded in XYZ\'s culture: 1) managers create their own interview questions; 2) for some employees, their compensation is simply determined by managers, not based on training, experience, geographic region, and so on; and, 3) the company seems to draw new employees from only two sources, one is the university from which the President of the company graduated. While Doris has been contemplating these trends, the CEO has asked her to attend a strategic planning meeting about opening the company\'s first location on in Toronto, Canada in approximately nine months. She needs to provide a recommendation to the CEO that can be used appropriately. Instructions: Solution 1. Four potential issues faced by Doris as a HR director are listed below: 2. Key issue: The Company does not follow a standard process for hiring the employees as managers of the company uses their own set of interview questions. This would be one of the most difficult problems for the company, because uneven hiring process might result in hiring of incompetent employees. In future, such employees would not be able to contribute towards the company .

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Doppler Effect: True or False John is listening to a horn. He knows the frequency of the horn is 300 Hz when both he and the horn are at rest. If he hears a pitch of 330 Hz, there are clearly several possibilities. For each of the following statements, indicate whether it is correct or incorrect. Both can be moving and have different speeds, Both can be moving and have the same speed John and the horn are both moving in the same direction but John is behind and moving faster than the horn. Both can be moving, in opposite directions. John is moving towards the horn at rest. The distance between John and the horn is increasing with time. Submit Answer Tries 0/10 Solution QUESTION: A) John is moving towards the horn at rest. B) Both can be moving and have the same speed. C) Both can be moving and have different speeds. D) Both can be moving, in opposite directions. E) The distance between John and the horn is increasing with time. F) Both cannot be moving in the same direction. ANSWER: A) True, when John moves towards the horn, it is the same as if he stood still and the horn moved towards him. B) True, if they are moving toward each other at the right speed, John would hear more waves per unit time, thus a higher frequency. C) True, the horn could be getting closer to John. D) True, same as B, they can approach each other to achieve this effect. E) False, it must be decreasing to hear a higher frequency. F) False, they could be. If both are moving and the horn is catching up to John, this effect could be achieved. .

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