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Exploring Issues  of  Water Sustainability   in   Island Communities 1  University of British Columbia, Lanarc Consultants Ltd. 2  University of Utah 3  Natural Resources Canada Brett Korteling 1   Craig Forster 2   Sonia Talwar 3   Murray Journeay 3
Water futures ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Approach ,[object Object],How can communities make decisions to create or enhance livability? What are the natural resource implications?
Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Systems Perspective Geological Survey of Canada (2005) Well-bounded system for simulating alternative futures ,[object Object],[object Object]
Gulf Islands, British Columbia ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],No Groundwater Use Regulation! British Columbia
Seasonal Island Dynamics Sources:  Environment Canada and B.C. Ferries Summertime population increases  by 60% to 100%  Season of low water availability
Situation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Not how many - but how!
Approach ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Collaborative Place-based Approach Science Policy Society Geo- Hazards Ground- water Vulner-ability Avail-ability Risk Potential Cost/ Benefit
Contributors   Islands Trust  -  Island Communities  Natural Resources Canada  BC Water Land Air Protection Environment Canada BC Ferries Malaspina University College BCGWA - CWRA Identify Issues
Intrinsic Groundwater Vulnerability   DRASTIC-Fm Framework DRASTIC-Fm Mapping  South Gulf Islands Conventional DRASTIC methodology modified for fractured rock systems
Sustainable Water Yield Model ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Deliberative Scoping of Water futures
Marine Island System Sea Floor Sea Level Groundwater Flow to Sea Streamflow to Sea Precipitation Evapotranspiration Agricultural Land Concentrated Community Distributed Community
Feedback Loops Personal Business Policy Decisions Water  Balance Balance = Total Water Wanted – Total Water Available Total  Water Wanted Total  Water  Available - +
Total Island Households Annual Household Water Use Net Change # Households Annual Agriculture Water Use Annual ‘ Other’ Water Use Per Hectare Agriculture Water Use Per Household Household Water Use Agriculture Area (Ha) Surface Runoff Precipitation Groundwater Recharge Aquifer Water Table Elevation Business Decision Policy Decision Policy Decision Total  Water Use Aquifer Water Volume Total  Water Use Total  Water  Available + - What can we do differently - naturally? Annual Precipitation Evapo- transpiration Policy Decision Personal Choice Policy Decision Personal Choice Captured Surface Runoff Policy Decision Well  Pumping Policy Decision Personal Choice Policy Decision Personal Choice Business Decision Climate Total  Water Available + + Septic Returns Groundwater Recharge Policy Decision + + + + + - + - + - + + - + + Agriculture Returns Groundwater Recharge Policy Decision Business Decision + + + + + - + - + + - + ‘ Other’ Returns Groundwater Recharge + Availability Minus Use - + -
Integrated Comprehensive Water Management Take less, reuse and mimic the natural system
Model Interface How do you save a failing system?
Sample Explorations What are the critical thresholds?
Sustainable Water Yield When are new water practices essential? 4 2 0 1 9 8 0 1 9 9 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 3 0 A n n u a l W a t e r F l o w s ( 1 0 6 m 3 p e r y e a r ) W a t e r W a n t e d A c t u a l W e l l P r o d u c t i o n A c t i v e A q u i f e r V o l u m e W a t e r U s e d R u n o f f C a p t u r e d 1 0 A c t i v e A q u i f e r V o l u m e ( % o f M a x i m u m ) 0 5 0 0 Water Deficit
Assessing Outcomes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Creating a space for discussion 13 (2 days) 25 Salt Spring 15 20 Gabriola 2 nd  Workshop 1 st  Workshop Island Participation (most are repeat participants)
Assessing Outcomes Participant Comments “ As we progressed in our understanding of best water practices, the focus of our community changed from one of directionless concern to one of decision and purpose.” “ This is one of the best examples of science based input into community facilitated action that I have ever experienced.” Jenny MacLeod, President Gabriola Groundwater Management Society Survey Results – Value of Sustainable Water Yield Modeling? “ See effect of decisions” “ provide frame of reference for thinking” “ if public is brought to the process, greater conservation should result” “ to help determine a sustainable population” “ determine future development” ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Science approachable to society
Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Acknowledgements

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Korteling 7558

  • 1. Exploring Issues of Water Sustainability in Island Communities 1 University of British Columbia, Lanarc Consultants Ltd. 2 University of Utah 3 Natural Resources Canada Brett Korteling 1 Craig Forster 2 Sonia Talwar 3 Murray Journeay 3
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  • 7. Seasonal Island Dynamics Sources: Environment Canada and B.C. Ferries Summertime population increases by 60% to 100% Season of low water availability
  • 8.
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  • 10. Contributors Islands Trust - Island Communities Natural Resources Canada BC Water Land Air Protection Environment Canada BC Ferries Malaspina University College BCGWA - CWRA Identify Issues
  • 11. Intrinsic Groundwater Vulnerability DRASTIC-Fm Framework DRASTIC-Fm Mapping South Gulf Islands Conventional DRASTIC methodology modified for fractured rock systems
  • 12.
  • 13. Marine Island System Sea Floor Sea Level Groundwater Flow to Sea Streamflow to Sea Precipitation Evapotranspiration Agricultural Land Concentrated Community Distributed Community
  • 14. Feedback Loops Personal Business Policy Decisions Water Balance Balance = Total Water Wanted – Total Water Available Total Water Wanted Total Water Available - +
  • 15. Total Island Households Annual Household Water Use Net Change # Households Annual Agriculture Water Use Annual ‘ Other’ Water Use Per Hectare Agriculture Water Use Per Household Household Water Use Agriculture Area (Ha) Surface Runoff Precipitation Groundwater Recharge Aquifer Water Table Elevation Business Decision Policy Decision Policy Decision Total Water Use Aquifer Water Volume Total Water Use Total Water Available + - What can we do differently - naturally? Annual Precipitation Evapo- transpiration Policy Decision Personal Choice Policy Decision Personal Choice Captured Surface Runoff Policy Decision Well Pumping Policy Decision Personal Choice Policy Decision Personal Choice Business Decision Climate Total Water Available + + Septic Returns Groundwater Recharge Policy Decision + + + + + - + - + - + + - + + Agriculture Returns Groundwater Recharge Policy Decision Business Decision + + + + + - + - + + - + ‘ Other’ Returns Groundwater Recharge + Availability Minus Use - + -
  • 16. Integrated Comprehensive Water Management Take less, reuse and mimic the natural system
  • 17. Model Interface How do you save a failing system?
  • 18. Sample Explorations What are the critical thresholds?
  • 19. Sustainable Water Yield When are new water practices essential? 4 2 0 1 9 8 0 1 9 9 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 2 0 2 0 2 0 3 0 A n n u a l W a t e r F l o w s ( 1 0 6 m 3 p e r y e a r ) W a t e r W a n t e d A c t u a l W e l l P r o d u c t i o n A c t i v e A q u i f e r V o l u m e W a t e r U s e d R u n o f f C a p t u r e d 1 0 A c t i v e A q u i f e r V o l u m e ( % o f M a x i m u m ) 0 5 0 0 Water Deficit
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