Pressfield's War of Art Inspires Agile Teams
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This document discusses using Steven Pressfield's book The War of Art to enable self-organizing teams, intrinsic motivation, and organizational change. It argues that software development is a creative endeavor and outlines how Pressfield's concepts of "resistance", hierarchical vs. territorial orientations, and invoking a "muse" can be applied. The presentation provides examples of territories that foster self-organization, intrinsic motivation, and change, and encourages thinking of software development as an artistic pursuit.
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Pressfield's War of Art Inspires Agile Teams
- 1. TERRITORIES NOT HIERARCHIES USING STEVEN PRESSFIELD'S THE WAR OF ART TO ENABLE SMALL SELF-ORGANIZING TEAMS, INTRINSIC MOTIVATION, AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE
- 18. WAIT
- 19. HEY YOU POP CULTURE JUNKIES / GREEK MYTHOLOGY HATERS
- 20. WAIT
- 21. WHAT’S SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT? Well, from our point of view… Some excerpts from the Agile Manifesto: • helping others do it • Individuals and interactions • Customer collaboration
- 22. WHAT’S SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT? And from the twelve backing principles: • Welcome changing requirements • work together daily • motivated individuals…environment and support they need…trust • face-to-face conversation • emerge from self-organizing teams • the team reflects
- 23. GIVE ME A METAPHOR: BUILDING SOFTWARE IS… • Building software is…[INVOKE THE MUSE FOR YOUR ANSWER HERE] • Here’s the catch(?), you can’t use: • Manufacturing / assembly line / widget • Engineering / building / construction • Science • Then we’ll share…
- 25. SO BUILDING SOFTWARE IS… • Creative? • Art? • Craft? • Collaborative? • Team-Based? • Did I miss anything?
- 26. SO WE NEED A MUSE THEN? • If what we do when we create software isn't engineering, isn't factory work, and isn't science - aren't we saying it's creative work? Art? Craft? • I don’t think we should be surprised that literature and techniques from the creative world – artists chasing the muse – have a lot to teach us in software and leadership
- 27. THE WAR OF ART
- 28. THE WAR OF ART • Resistance • Artist’s Orientation • Hierarchical • Territorial
- 29. GARY PEDRETTI OWNER, SODOTO SOLUTIONS • SODOTO = See One, Do One, Teach One • Come from a wide, generalized set of roles in the software industry • Enterprise Agile Trainer and Coach • Trainer for Schwaber’s Scrum.org • Write custom curriculum • Specialize in Agile Architecture, explaining the real value of technical practices, building rapport with tech teams, being reasonable • Gary@SodotoSolutions.com • http://Blog.GaryPedretti.com • @GaryPedretti
- 30. AGENDA • The Resistance • High School Hierarchies • Stevie Wonder Territories • Territories and Self-Organization • Territories and Intrinsic Motivation • Territories and Organizational Change
- 31. THE RESISTANCE
- 32. THE RESISTANCE • The mental blocks that stop artists from starting, finishing, or entering work • Blocked flow • Think: • “Writer’s Block” • Procrastination • Attachment to Perfection
- 40. THE HIERARCHICAL ORIENTATION • High School • Dweeb or Chess Club vs. Cheerleader or Jock • Niches • Cliques
- 41. THE HIERARCHICAL ORIENTATION But when the numbers get too big, a hierarchy breaks down – NYC, IBM, and Michigan State are too big to function as a hierarchy…or any massive society
- 42. THE HIERARCHICAL ORIENTATION Attachment to a hierarchy in these situations results in substitution with coarse status symbols…
- 43. THE HIERARCHICAL ORIENTATION Those that define themselves by a place in the pecking order of a hierarchy will: • Compete against all others by competing and advancing against those above him, while defending those beneath • Evaluate happiness/success/achievement by his rank within the hierarchy • Act towards others based on their rank in hierarchy, exclusive of all other factors • Evaluate every move solely on effect on others Does this sound disastrous for an artist? How about for us?
- 44. THE HIERARCHICAL ORIENTATION The “Hack” • Hacks write to what they think will play well with others - what's hot? What’s not? • This is clearly hierarchically-oriented
- 47. THE TERRITORIAL ORIENTATION • Home turf • A place of competence, centeredness, and flow • Work-for-its-own-sake – aka intrinsic motivation
- 48. THE TERRITORIAL ORIENTATION For example: Stevie Wonder?
- 49. THE TERRITORIAL ORIENTATION For example: Bill Gates?
- 50. THE TERRITORIAL ORIENTATION For example: Van Gogh?
- 51. THE TERRITORIAL ORIENTATION Characteristics: • Provides sustenance • Sustains us without any external input – we put in effort and love, it gives back as well-being • May only be claimed alone – teamwork sometimes, yes, but you only need yourself to soak up a territory's juice • Can only be claimed by work – craft • Returns exactly what you put in, fair, never devalues or crashes
- 53. WHAT DO YOU THINK? • Come up with an example of a Territorial Orientation characteristic that creates or enables Self-Organization • Tell a territorial story, using a metaphor of some sort, that could help you “sell” self-organization to the skeptical
- 55. WHAT DO YOU THINK? • Come up with a new example of a Territorial Orientation characteristic or example that creates or enables Intrinsic Motivation • Tell a territorial story, using a metaphor of some sort, that could help you “sell” Intrinsic Motivation to the skeptical
- 57. WHAT DO YOU THINK? • Come up with a new example of a Territorial Orientation characteristic or example that creates or enables Organizational Change – the sort of change you’d like to make at a company • Tell a territorial story, using a metaphor of some sort, that could help you “sell” that change to the skeptical
- 58. CLOSING
- 59. THINGS TO CONSIDER • Modern business and software are creative, artistic endeavors • An artist's mindset and toolset can help tackle common software and leadership issues • Connections between The War of Art and software/leadership provide a rich set of metaphors for organizational change and learning
- 60. THE INVOCATION REVISITED O Divine Poesy Goddess-daughter of Zeus, Sustain for me This song of the various-minded man, Who after he had plundered The innermost citadel of hallowed Troy Was made to stray grievously About the coasts of men, The sport of their customs good or bad, While his heart Through all the seafaring Ached in an agony to redeem himself And bring his company safe home. Vain hope – for them! For his fellows he strove in vain, Their own witlessness cast them away; The fools, To destroy for meat The oxen of the most exalted sun! Wherefore the sun-god blotted out The day of their return. Make the tale live for us In all its many bearings, O Muse.
- 61. THANK YOU! LET ME KNOW WHAT YOU THINK: @GARYPEDRETTI GARY@SODOTOSOLUTIONS.COM
- 62. IMAGE CREDITS PressfieldsWarofArt.png: Black Irish Entertainment LLC Homer_MUSE.jpg (Homer Simpson): https://eveningrockstar.wordpress.com/2010/02/04/big-night-out/ MuseBandPoster.jpg: http://www.europosters.eu/pohlednice.php?idv=14174 ArtOfWarFrontCover.jpg: Pax Librorum homer-invoking-the-muse-granger.jpg: FineArtAmerica.com homer.jpg: http://jpellegrino.com/teaching/backgrounds/homer.html ThaliaTookMuses.jpg: http://www.thaliatook.com/AMGG/muses.html nine-muses-500x397.jpg (The 9 Muses are dancing while Apollo is playing the lyre): http://www.greekmyths- greekmythology.com/nine-muses-in-greek-mythology/ Muses_sarcophagus_Louvre_MR880.jpg (The nine muses — Calliope, Clio, Euterpe, Erato, Melpomene, Polyhymnia, Terpsichore, Thalia and Urania — on a Roman sarcophagus (2nd century AD, from the Louvre)), as well as Clio_sarcophagus_Louvre_Ma475, etc. : Marie-Lan Nguyen, public domain Moreau,_Gustave_-_Hésiode_et_la_Muse_-_1891.jpg: public domain muses2.jpg: http://mythmaniacs.com/muses.htm Hesiod.JPG (the so-called Pseudo-Seneca, now conjectured to be an imaginative portrait of Hesiod): Massimo Finizio, Italian Creative Commons license 1807_Thorvaldsen_Tanz_der_Musen_auf_dem_Helikon_anagoria.JPG ("The Dance of the Muses at Mount Helicon" by Bertel Thorvaldsen (1807). Hesiod cites inspiration from the Muses while on Mount Helicon.): Wikipedia user Angora, Creative Commons license Resistance-and-Do-the-work.jpg: words by Stephen Pressfield, image textileartist.org GodinPressfieldAlgorithm.png: http://www.domesticatingit.com ResistanceIsFutile.gif: http://csleiper.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/ResistanceIsFutile.gif resistanceEatsYourDreams.jpg: RayHiltz.com
- 63. IMAGE CREDITS, PART 2 detroit_art_museum.jpg: http://ssl.marketplace.org/topics/life/detroit-art-museum-wins-taxpayer-support zeus_statue.jpg: http://fashions-cloud.com/pages/z/zeus-face-statue/ Mnemosyne_(color)_Rossetti.jpg: commons, photo by http://www.rossettiarchive.org Rich_Stergulz_Zeus.jpg: painting by Richard Stergulz, image from http://becuo.com/zeus-painting The-Comedy-and-Tragedy-Masks.jpg: http://www.fanpop.com/clubs/acting/images/204463/title/comedy-tragedy-masks- photo ThreeLeggedWolf.jpg: http://www.mexicanwolves.org/index.php/news/507/51/Press-Release-Federal-Wolf-Trapping- Study-Released-Ignored-by-Department-of-Game-and-Fish/d,News2 Stylized Nine Muse Illustrations: John Garzón, available on his Pinterest page at https://www.pinterest.com/jogar777/ schwarzenegger.jpg: http://governors.library.ca.gov/38-schwarzenegger.html schwarzeneggerInGym.jpg: http://www.schwarzenegger.com/fitness Stevie_Wonder_1973.JPG: commons, found at wikipedia.org Stevie-Wonder-stevie-wonder-36838790-1280-720.jpg: http://www.zfstockill.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/Stevie- Wonder-stevie-wonder-36838790-1280-720.jpg stevie-wonder-behind-piano.jpg: http://www.steviewonder.org.uk/bio/chapter13.html StevieWonderInStudio.jpg: http://www.steviewonder.org.uk/bio/chapter13.html JocksAndGeeks.png: http://ahotmama.com/2011/07/06/why-im-raising-my-son-to-be-a-nerd/ cheerleadericon.jpg: http://s695.photobucket.com/user/qtpiegirl1/media/cheerleadericooon.jpg.html cheerleaderMegaphone.jpg: http://pixgood.com/cheerleading-megaphone-clipart-black-and-white.html NYC.jpg: http://nycparkingauthority.com/best-nyc-monthly-parking-deals/ lincoln-navigator-2015-660.jpg: Lincoln Motors Homer_Simpson_2006.png: fair use coverage of a promotional image released by Fox Television
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Invocation of the Muse from Homer’s Odyssey, translated by T.E. Lawrence: O Divine Poesy Goddess-daughter of Zeus, Sustain for me This song of the various-minded man, Who after he had plundered The innermost citadel of hallowed Troy Was made to stray grievously About the coasts of men, The sport of their customs good or bad, While his heart Through all the seafaring Ached in an agony to redeem himself And bring his company safe home. Vain hope – for them! For his fellows he strove in vain, Their own witlessness cast them away; The fools, To destroy for meat The oxen of the most exalted sun! Wherefore the sun-god blotted out The day of their return. Make the tale live for us In all its many bearings, O Muse.
- The previous was the Invocation of the Muse from Homer’s Odyssey. Wikipedia: Homer – aka Homerus – is the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey. He was believed by the ancient Greeks to have been the first and greatest of the epic poets. Author of the first known literature of Europe, he had a lasting effect on the Western canon.
- The Muses of Greek mythology inspired poets and promoted the arts and sciences. The fortunate person inspired by them was held in the highest esteem…and considered sacred Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm
- They were said to be the daughters of Zeus (king of the Olympian gods) and Mnemosyne (goddess of memory – think “mnemonics”) – 9 Muses were born when Zeus laid with Mnemosyne for 9 consecutive nights…how did that happen?!?! According to early writers the Muses were the inspiring goddesses of poetry and songs, but they eventually were portrayed as divinities presiding over many different kinds of poetry, arts, and sciences. Let’s meet the 9 muses… Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm
- Calliope – the leader of Muses and their oldest, Muse of Epic Poetry, and specifically who Homer invoked to inspire the Illiad and Odyssey Also: eloquence, philosophy, rhetoric, her name means “Beautiful Voice” Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm and GreekMyths-GreekMythology.com
- Clio, Muse of History Also: Historical and heroic poetry, discovered the guitar, her name means “Proclaimer” Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm and GreekMyths-GreekMythology.com
- Erato, Muse of Love and Erotic Poetry Also: lyric poetry, mimicry, protector of weddings, sometimes depicted with a bow and love arrows (like Cupid), her name means “Lovely” Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm and GreekMyths-GreekMythology.com
- Euterpe, Muse of Music or Song Also: lyric poetry, dialectic, invented the flute, her name means “Delight” Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm and GreekMyths-GreekMythology.com
- Melpomene, Muse of Tragedy Also: rhetoric speech, Melos, her name roughly translates to “Choir” Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm and GreekMyths-GreekMythology.com
- Of course you can’t have Tragedy without Thalia, the Muse of Comedy Also: favored rural pursuits, discovered geometry and agriculture, protector of symposiums Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm and GreekMyths-GreekMythology.com
- Polyhymnia, Muse of Sacred Hymns or Songs Also: protector of mimic art (?), invented geometry (also?) and grammar, often meditates and is quite serious, her name means “Many Songs” Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm and GreekMyths-GreekMythology.com
- Terpsichore, Muse of Choral Dance, who took great delight in dancing (“Terpo” means “amused” in Greek) Also: dramatic chorus, invented the harp and education, mother of the Sirens Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm and GreekMyths-GreekMythology.com
- Urania, Muse of Astronomy and Astrology Also: astrology and universal love, her name means “Heavenly” Excerpted and adapted from MythManiacs.com/Muses.htm and GreekMyths-GreekMythology.com
- “They are all of one mind, their hearts are set upon song and their spirit is free from care. He is happy whom the Muses love. For though a man has sorrow and grief in his soul, yet when the servant of the Muses sings, at once he forgets his dark thoughts and remembers not his troubles. Such is the holy gift of the Muses to men.” - Hesiod
- Ancient Greek poet Hesiod (this is NOT a picture of Seneca) was quite fond of the Muses, and who can blame him – look at him on the left, looking haggard and crazy, but on the right when a Muse is giving him a lyre, he’s styling! His skin is healthy, the starts are bright, everything.
- Even the word “Museum” comes from the word “Mouseion”, which means the Seat of the Muses. I’ve heard the Detroit Institute of Arts Museum is quite nice…
- Clearly it involves a lot of humanity
- More humanity, uncertainty, complexity – a robot can’t do this…a robot would never need to “reflect,” right?
- Share your metaphors… Picture: Meet a Meaningless Metaphor, http://wakefelderman.blogspot.com
- There are all kinds of reasons this is true, from lack of communication fidelity when the subject is ephemeral like software, the fact that very few real world systems have many – if at all any – specifications that can be checked with Formal Verification, etc.
- So, here we are. You probably read something in the abstract that suggested I’d be talking about this book – and I will be. The War of Art – a clever ploy on Sun Tzu’s Art of War – is well-known to artists, especially with authors struggling with writer's block. It's a bedrock inspirational tome, focused on the artist finding him or her true self, breaking through resistance, and contributing his or her unique gifts to the larger whole of society. In fact, I already have talked about this book. Homer’s Invocation of the Muse is Steven Pressfield’s preferred “prayer” before starting to work – his offering to the Muse, if you will, or his way to get into “the zone.” I put “prayer” into quotes just there, because Pressfield doesn’t care about your beliefs or lack thereof in a higher power – it doesn’t matter, you’re appealing to something outside of yourself, something larger than yourself, as a literal belief or as a metaphor, it doesn’t matter. Pressfield talks about the Muses as “angels,” but not literally, and the traits he describes would be more accurately identify “fairies” or something like that – fleeting things that float around, helpful, sometimes mischievous, but not religious, heavy, or dogmatic.
- I’ll also be talking about two of his other core concepts: Resistance, and the Artist’s Orientation, of which there are two choices: hierarchical or territorial.
- On his own turf, this peg leg coyote is invincible!!
- Van Gogh did not sell a painting in his lifetime!
- Are you familiar with Dan Pink?
- Are you familiar with Dan Pink?
- Divine Posey – Poesy is the art or composition of poetry – calling to a different, holier plane Goddess – asking for intervention at the highest level Sustain for me – not necessarily brilliance, just keep this thing going! This song – that covers everything, from the Oddysey to your new plumbing supply business Followed by a concise telling of Odysseus’ trials To destroy for meat the oxen of the most exalted Sun – his second crime is the employment of the sacred for profane means, soul destruction, prostitution Make this tale live for us in all its many bearings, O Muse – make it better than great, make it live, from multiple angles!