1.
Crowd Power
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
March 2018

2.
2
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Overview
▪ Crowd Power
▪ The Seven Archetypes
The 7 Campaign Profiles for Energy Access Crowdfunding
- Donation: Philanthropically motivated donation
① Partnership model
② One-off fundraiser
- Reward: Contributors receive ‘gift’ in return for their contribution
③ Aggregate network contributions (quasi-equity)
④ Mega-campaign
- Debt: Lenders receive their money back with or without interest
⑤ Microloans
⑥ SME loans
- Equity: Investors purchase units in the business, sometimes with voting rights
⑦ Equity
Davinia Cogan
Programme Manager, Crowd Power
Energy 4 Impact
davinia.cogan@energy4impact.org

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3
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Crowd Power
• Three-year programme launched in 2015 to research and stimulate energy access
related crowdfunding – funded by UK aid
• Over 100 energy access campaigns have been supported via direct support
(~$600k) on nine platforms; supported campaigns have raised over $4.4M

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4
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Crowd Power
• Funding was split across four mutually exclusive campaign types:
- Donation: Philanthropic motivation – similar to general donations
- Reward: Contributor receives a ‘gift’ in exchange for their financial contribution
- Debt: Lender funds a loan to a consumer, entrepreneur or SME – with or without i%
- Equity: Energy access company issues shares on the platform, investor purchases them
22%
13%
4%
61%
$600,000
DEPLOYED
Crowd Power Spending by Platform Type

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6
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Donation
Model Description Campaign
Size
Platforms
Partnership model Non-profits supplementing income through
recurring campaigns; frequent DD
~$10k GlobalGiving
One-off fundraiser Non-profits and social enterprises raising
funds for a specific milestone or project
~$20k StartSomeGood
Chuffed
• Partnership model is based on non-profit becoming a ‘field partner’ of a
particular platform – they must fulfill due diligence requirements, submit
quarterly and annual reports on activities and financials (10% - 50% annual
budget raised via CF)
• One-off fundraiser is similar to the ‘Reward CF / Aggregate network contributions’
model, however the crowd does not receive a reward in exchange for their
donation – success is about network size/capacity, outreach strategy and quality
of campaign materials

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7
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Donation
One-off
Fundraiser
by
RAFODE
LTD.
on
M-CHANGA
Raised
$18,300
with
1:2 MATCH
FUNDING
LINK

7.
8
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Reward
Model Description Campaign
Size
Platforms
Aggregate
network
contributions
Social enterprise formalising contributions
from network/F&F – to raise seed capital /
quasi equity
$30k - $50k Indiegogo/Generosity
Pozible
Mega-campaign High profile campaigns, raising capital to
develop new product
$100k -
$400k
Indiegogo
Kickstarter
• Aggregating network contributions is the most common reward CF type, and
depends largely on the network of the campaign-maker, the quality of the
campaign materials (e.g. video) and the outreach strategy
• Mega-campaigns are rare and successful campaigns have a similar profile so
successful equity campaigns – novel/innovative product, own their IP, and
strong, well-connected international networks; the success stories get a lot of
publicity but in reality difficult to replicate

8.
9
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Reward
Aggregate
network
contributions
fundraiser
by
MUSANA
CARTS
on
INDIEGOGO
Raised
$27,288
with
LUMP SUM
LINK

9.
10
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Debt
Model Description Campaign
Size
Platforms
Microloan debt Loans to entrepreneurs or consumers, often
originated by an MFI/social enterprise
<$1k Kiva, Zidisha, Milaap
SME lending SME working capital loans, often paid direct
to manufacturer; DD carried out by platform
$50k - $1m TRINE, bettervest,
Lendahand, Kiva DSE
• Microloan platforms are used by MFIs and social enterprises to finance consumer
purchases – SHS, cookstoves, biogas digesters; borrowers are vetted by
intermediary and often charged interest, however lenders do not earn interest
• SME lending is the highest area of growth in energy-access CF; it covers the
gamut of working capital requirements from the Kiva Direct to Social Enterprise
pilot (<$50k) to larger platforms: TRINE, bettervest, Lendahand

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11
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Debt
SME Loan
by
PAWAME
on
TRINE
Raised
$185,000
with
CO-
GUARANTEE
(50%)
LINK

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12
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Equity
Model Description Campaign
Size
Platforms
Equity Company issues shares to platform members
– often include company’s network
$150k - $1m Crowdcube
Oneplanetcrowd
• Seven equity CF campaigns have been launched to date – by cos/platforms based
in UK, Netherlands and Sweden – however only suitable for a specific company
profile: companies that have a novel/innovative product, own their IP and have
an international management team
• We saw incredible growth in 2016 from $80k in 2015 to $3.4m (43X growth),
however there was little activity in 2017 – growth restricted by regulations,
mismatch of off-grid company profiles to the typical equity CF profile, and
awareness of equity CF as a viable fundraising option

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13
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Equity
Equity
campaign
by
BUFFALO
GRID
on
CROWDCUBE
Raised
$685,000
with
LUMP SUM
LINK

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5
Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
The Seven Archetypes
Type Model Description Campaign
Size
Other Examples
1 Donation Partnership model Non-profits supplementing income through
recurring campaigns; frequent DD
~$10k TAHUDE Fdt
GlobalGiving
2 Donation One-off fundraiser Non-profits and social enterprises raising
funds for a specific milestone or project
~$20k Pollinate Energy
Chuffed
3 Reward Aggregate network
contributions
Social enterprise formalising contributions
from network/F&F – to raise seed capital
$30k -
$50k
Okra Solar
Pozible
4 Reward Mega-campaign High profile campaigns, raising capital to
develop new product
$100k -
$400k
GravityLight
Indiegogo
5 Debt Microloan debt Loans to entrepreneurs or consumers, often
originated by an MFI/social enterprise
<$1k Kamworks
Kiva
6 Debt SME loans SME working capital loans, often paid direct
to manufacturer; DD carried out by platform
$50k - $1m BBOXX
TRINE
7 Equity Equity Company issues shares to platform members
– often include company’s network
$150k -
$500k
Buffalo Grid
Crowdcube

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Crowdfunding Energy Access Ventures
Crowd Power Impact
50,000t
CO2
REDUCED
Funded by Crowd Power – Musana Carts, Uganda
Musana Carts raised $27,288 on Indiegogo for proof of concept;
to create a MVP and pilot concept in Kampala
$4,400,000
RAISED
250,000
BENEFICIARIES
120+
JOBS
CREATED