2. ~What is volcano?
Volcano is a place where the products of eruption: lava,
pyroclastic materials and volcanic gases emerge to the Earth's
surface. The location of the volcanic areas is related to the
location of the borders of the lithospheric plates. Volcanoes
appear as single peaks or form mountain volcanic complexes.
3. ~The ecological value of the volcano
Through the emission of ash and volcanic gases,
volcanoes can influence the formation of various
phenomena, as well as the climate of the region or
even the entire planet.
● The predominant components of volcanic
emissions are some substances, large
emissions of these things during eruptions may
form condensation nuclei which, under the
influence of a strong rising current, may cause
the formation of specific Cumulus
flammagenitus clouds.
● Strong volcanic eruptions are able to
introduce volcanic gases and ash into the
stratosphere at significant altitudes. And the
most significant impact on the climate is the
prolonged presence in the stratosphere of
sulphate aerosol. This causes an increase in
the solar radiation reflected outside the Earth,
which leads to a decrease in the average
temperature of the Earth's surface until the
gravitational fall of the aerosol from the
atmosphere. Volcanic eruptions can destroy
the ozone layer.
● Volcanic eruptions are natural factors that
lead to the formation of acid rain. Acid rain
can result in acidification of surface waters
and the area where they occur.
4. ~How is volcano formed?
The shape and course of volcanic
eruptions depend on the composition of
the lava. When the lava is thick and fast it
solidifies, the course of eruptions can be
violent, and the volcanoes have the form
of high cones. When thin lava flows
relatively slowly from a volcano, shield
volcanoes are formed with gently sloping
slopes.
5. ~Lava types:
● Acid lava - having a
significant viscosity,
having the ability to
form short streams or
may solidify taking
dome forms.
● Alkaline lava - e.g.
basalt lava, have a
low viscosity, are
mobile lava flows that
can spill in all
directions and form
lava covers
