1. Pembentukan Pola
Kepemimpinan untuk
Pesantren Baiturrahman
Dudy Effendi
Juni 2009

2. Bagaimana Membentuk
Pemimpin
 Kepemimpinan TIDAK dapat diajarkan tapi dapat
DIPELAJARI (Leadership cannot be taught but it
can be learned)
Tidak ada substitusi untuk belajar dari
pengalaman (Learning by Doing) dipengaruhi
oleh : Jumlah Tantangan, Variasi Penugasan dan
Jkualitas Umpan Balik.
Teori Kepemimpinan membantu Pemimpin dalam
proses pengembangan Pemimpin, membuka
borison baru dan membuka tantangan.

3. 4 Cara Memahami
Kepemimpinan
Orang: SIAPA yang membuat seseroang
menjadi PEMIMPIN
Hasil: APA yang dicapai sehingga
membuatnya menjadi pemimpin.
Proses: BAGAIMANA ‘leaders’
menyelesaikan masalah
Posisi: DIMANA ‘leaders’ bekerja yang
menjadikannya Pemimpin.

4. APA kah Leadership ?
“Proses MEMPENGARUHI Aktivitas satu
kelompok terorganisasi dalam upaya
menetapkan dan mencapai TUJUAN.
• Proses Menggerakkan orang sesuai arah yang
direncanakan dengan cara memotivasi sehingga mau
mengikuti dengan cara sukarela.
3 Komponen :
- proses interpersonal antara seseorang dan kelompoknya. -
Tidak ada ‘leaders’ tanpa ‘followers’
- Kriteria Kepemimpinan efektif = Pencapaian TUJUAN

5. Tugas Leader
• creates a vision of the future that takes into account
the legitimate long-term interests of the parties
involved;
• develops a rational strategy for moving toward that
vision;
• enlists the support of the key power centers whose
cooperation, compliance, or teamwork is necessary to
produce that movement; and
• highly motivates that core group of people whose
actions are central to implementing the strategy-
demonstrates commitment and high level of sacrifice.

6. Perbedaan antara Pemimpin & Boss
- Leader : Mengembangkan visi dan mengendalikan PERUBAHAN
Manager : Monitor progress & solve problems (Zalenik, 1977)
- Managers : Mengerjakan sesuatu dengan Benar
Leader : Mengerjakan Sesuatu yang BENAR ( do things right >< do
the right thing (Bennis and Nanus, 1985)
• The boss drives his people; the leader coaches them.
• The boss depends upon authority; the leader depends on good will.
• The boss inspires fear; the leader inspires enthusiasm.
• The boss says “I”; the leader says “we.”
• The boss fixes blame for the breakdown; the leader fixes the
breakdown.
• The boss says “Go”; the leader says “Let’s go!”

7. Apa menurut Pendapat anda
merupakan kualitas seorang
PEMIMPIN yang EFEKTIF
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________
________________________________

8. ‘New’ Leadership Theories
Leaders = ‘Managers of Meaning’
Transactional Leadership
Transformational Leadership
Level 5 Leadership

9. Transformational Leaders…
Do not accept the status quo
Create a graphic and compelling vision of the future
Act as role models
Are often referred to as “tough”
Energise and inspire others
Are said to be “charismatic” (Greek = gift)
Are very instrumental in times of turbulence / crises
Provide sense of individual consideration
Provide stimulation (intellectual and emotional)
May be able to train people in transformational
characteristics
(James MacGregor Burns, 1978)

10. Level 5 Leadership Hierarchy
Level 5: Executive builds enduring greatness through a
paradoxical blend of personal humility and professional will
Level 4: Effective Leader catalyses commitment to
vigorous pursuit of a clear and compelling vision, stimulating higher
performance standards
Level 3: Competent Manager organises people and
resources toward the effective and efficient pursuit of predetermined
objectives
Level 2: Contributing Team Member contributes
individual capabilities to the achievement of group objectives and
works effectively with others in a group setting
Level 1: Highly Capable Individual makes
productive contributions through talent, knowledge, skills and good
work habits
(Jim Collins, 2001, Good to Great)

11. Principles of Islamic Leadership
There are three basic principles that govern Islamic leadership:
• A. Shura (Mutual Consultation)
Shura is the first principle of Islamic leadership. The Qur’an has made
it clear that Muslim leaders are obligated to consult those who have
knowledge or those who can provide sound advice:
“And those who answer the call of their Lord and establish
prayer, and who conduct their affairs by consultation and
spend out of what we bestow on them for sustenance”
(42:38).

12. Principles…(Cont.)
• B. Justice
The leader should deal with people justly and fairly regardless
of their race, color, national origin, or religion. The Qur’an
commands Muslims to be fair even when dealing with those
opposed to them.
“Allah does command you to render back your trusts to those to
whom they are due, and when you judge between man and man,
that you judge with justice”
Q 4:58

13. Principles…(Cont.)
C. Freedom of Thought
• The Islamic leader should provide for and even invite
constructive criticism. Members of the group should be able
to freely voice their views or objections and have their
questions answered. Al khulafa’ al rashidun considered this
to be an essential element of their leadership.
• When an old woman interrupted ‘Umar Ibn al Khattab (RA)
to correct him during his address in the mosque, he readily
acknowledged his error and thanked Allah (SWT) that there
were those who would correct him if he were wrong.

14. Principles…(Cont.)
• ‘Umar (RA) once asked an audience what they would do if he
violated an Islamic principle. When a man responded that they
would correct him with their swords, ‘Umar (RA) thanked Allah
(SWT) that there were people in the ummah who would correct
him if he went astray.
• The leader should strive to create an atmosphere of free
thinking, healthy exchange of ideas, criticism, and mutual
advices so that the followers feel very comfortable in discussing
matters of interest to the group.

15. Qualities of a Good Leader
These factors are common in the published
findings of research projects conducted on
successful leaders, business organizers, and
entrepreneurs. (Although stated below in
masculine terminology, essentially the same factors
are applicable to women.)
– Mental Ability: Not necessarily a super-intelligent
prodigy.

16. Qualities of a Good Leader (Cont.)
2. Broad Interest and Abilities:
He is not a narrow specialist. He possesses a wide general
understanding, and has many and varied abilities. He is sensitive to
and broadly interested in the work with which he is most directly
connected, plus many other important activities and aspects of his
environment.
3. Communication Skills:
One of the titles of the Prophet of Islam is “The most eloquent speaker
of Arabic.” According to the Cambridge History of American
Literature: “Not his policies, nor his action had won for Lincoln his
commanding position in his party in 1860, but his way of saying things.
In every revolution, the men who can phrase it can lead it.”

17. Qualities of a Good Leader (Cont.)
4. Maturity:
A successful leader is free from leftover childishness; his attitude and
behavior patterns are those of a responsible, mature adult. He is
psychologically secure within himself and represents psychological
security to his followers.
5. Motivational Strength:
Drive, energy, initiative, courage, ability to “self-start,” and
consistency have long been recognized as clear marks of a strong
leader. The successful leader likes the work of planning, organizing,
and directing the efforts of others. He has a strong desire to
accomplish.

18. Qualities of a Good Leader (Cont.)
6. Social Skill:
Leadership fundamentally means accomplishing through others, which
makes it entirely obvious that the successful leader must rely heavily on
socially skills. He must be sensitive to human feelings and attitudes,
whether spoken or not, and he must be empathetic in order to be
effective in influencing others.
7. Administrative Ability:
Envisioning, originating, planning, organizing, directing, completing,
evaluating people, selecting, teaching, inspiring, reviewing, analyzing,
observing, improving, applying insight, summarizing, deciding, on which
the leader particularly relies.

19. Highlight of Qualities
• Morally sound
• Imaginative
• Management-minded
• Fair to all concerned
• Varied in interests

20. Highlight of Qualities (Cont.)
• Instruction minded
• Emotionally mature
• Planning minded
• Respectful toward self and others
• Studious

21. Highlight of Qualities (Cont.)
• Decisive
• Organized
• Dependable
• Enthusiastic
• Energetic
• Coaching minded
• Expressive (speech and writing)

22. Highlight of Qualities (Cont.)
• Logical
• Mentally keen, alert
• Responsible
• Improvement minded (practicing ihsan)
• Resourceful
• Initiating, hard working
• Loyal to all concerned
• Humane

23. The ABC of Superlative
Leadership
Learn your alphabet of leadership and take your team to
new heights.
– A is for Appreciative Cultures, the end result of a leader's work,
when the culture he or she fosters becomes an appreciative
value of the company.
– B is for rock-solid Belief that your team can move mountains.
– C is for Culture, which is the way people behave when you're
not looking.

24. The ABC of Superlative Leadership(Cont.)
– D is for the Drive for Power that makes you want to
lead.
– E is for Encouragement, like sun after the rain.
– F is for Fun, an indication that the right work is
happening.

25. The ABC of Superlative Leadership(Cont.)
– G is for Growing your people (Audience).
Like Sir Colin Marshall, head of British Airways, who
personally attended every one of his customer care
programmes, "Putting People First".
– H is for Helicopter vision,
because you need to see in three time zones: the near,
the middle and the far.
– I is for leader Identity,
the ability to be comfortable in your own shoes.

26. The ABC of Superlative Leadership(Cont.)
• J is for Joy because leaders rejoice in their own blessings
as well as the successes of their team.
• K is for Knowing your people, not just by name and
number, but by strength and weakness, character and
spirit, skills and potential, what makes them sigh and what
makes them soar.
• L is for Learning, because learning is change and learning
is growth.

27. The ABC of Superlative Leadership(Cont.)
• M is for Mission which leaders live as well as write.
• N is for the Nobel complex, the belief that everything your
people do is worthy of a Nobel prize.
• O is for Opportunity. Like Edmund McIlhenny who
returned from the American Civil War to find his sugar
plantation and salt works in ruins except for a few hot
Mexican peppers that had sown themselves. He used them
to produce a sauce that is now known as Tabasco and sold
around the world.

28. The ABC of Superlative Leadership (Cont.)
• P is for Plain-talking because leaders need
to be understood.
• Q is for Questions, such as "What do you
need me to do?" and "How can I help you
work better?" and "What should I be
doing?"
• R is for Respect, the touchstone of every
relationship a leader has.
• S is for Symbols, the language of
leadership.

29. The ABC of Superlative Leadership(Cont.)
• T is for the Traits of courage and determination, patience and
perseverance.
• U is for Unleashing what's there. Like 3M, who allow their scientists
to spend 15% of their time working on projects that interest them.
• V is for Values, the guiding principles of the team, or "the Walkmans
of the mind".
• W is for the Way, the Chinese "tao", the route that leaders take and
others follow.

30. The ABC of Superlative Leadership(Cont.)
• X is for Xtraordinary :
because leaders get ordinary people to do
extraordinary things.
• Y is for Yes,
because there is always a plus to be found
even in the worst situation and the toughest
setback.
• Z is for Zero tolerance of failure, sub-
performance and giving up.

31. Conclusion
• Learn these simple principles, and there are
no limits to where you can lead your team.
• But always put in your best ‘cos only the
best is good for you.