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Computer System
Chapter Two
2.1 System Concept
2.1.1 Overview of Computer System
a) Describe the operations involved in
information processing cycle
At the end of this topic, students
should be able to:
2
What is Computer System?
 a complete, working computer includes
operating system, software and hardware
to make the computer function
3
Information processing cycle
Process
Storage
outputinput
 All computer systems go through the
information processing cycle.
4
 The series of input, process, output and
storage activities.
 A sequence of events in processing
information which work together and repeat
again and again in a cycle.
 Computer process data (input) into
information (output)
 Computer holds data, information and
instructions in storage for future use
Information processing cycle
Discovering Computers : Chapter 1• Pages 4
5
Input : data and instruction
Input process : Process of entering data and instruction into a
computer
Input device : Computer component used for entering data and
instruction into a computer
Output : Information
Output process : Process of conveying information to the user
Output device : Computer components used for conveying
information to the user
Process : Process of transforming the data into information
Storage : Computer components used to store data for future use
Information processing cycle
6
Computer System
Chapter Two
2.1.2 Data Representations
a) Explain data representation
in computer
At the end of this topic, students
should be able to:
6
Data Representation
How does a computer represent data?
 By using two unique binary digits 1 and 0 to
represent the two states on and off.
 A computer circuit represents the 0 or the 1
electronically by the presence or absence of an
electrical charge
computer recognizes only two discrete
electrical states (on and off)
7Discovering Computers : Chapter 4Page 221
Data Representation
Bit
 Is the smallest unit of data the computer can
process.
 (Short for binary digit )
 The number system has two unique digits, 1 (on)
or 0 (Off)
 Represents an electrical state (on or off)
Byte
 A group of 8 bits (ex:11110000)
 Represents a single character such as a digit, a
letter, a punctuation mark or any symbol in
computer 8
Data Representation
• ASCII (American
Standard Code for
Information
Interchange) is the most
widely used coding
scheme to represent
data
Discovering Computers : Chapter 4
9Page 221
Figure 4-14
9
Discovering Computers : Chapter 4Page 222
Figure 4-15
10
11
Computer System
Chapter Two
2.1.3 Storage Capacity
a) differentiate various storage capacity.
At the end of this topic, students
should be able to:
Storage Capacity
• Capacity is the number of bytes a storage medium
can hold
12Page 354
Figure 7-2
Equal to
1,024 bytes
1,024KB
1,024MB
1,024GB
1,024TB
1,024PB
1,024EB
1,024ZB
13
Capacity Storage Measured in
• Kilobytes = 1,024 bytes,
• Megabytes = 1,024 Kilobytes
• Gigabytes = 1,024 Megabytes
• Terabytes = 1,024 Gigabytes
14
Convertion unit of Capacity Storage
1200 MB = 1200 / 1024
= 1.17 GB
1200 MB = 1200 / 210
= 1.17 GB
1 GB = 1 x 1024 x 1024
= 1 048 576 KB
1 GB = 1 x 210 x 210
= 1 048 576 KBOR
OR
Bit (b) PB EB ZB YBTBGBMBKBByte (B)
÷ 8 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210
x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210x 8

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Week2 chapter 02_2.1_system_concept_2015 (1)

  • 1. 1 Computer System Chapter Two 2.1 System Concept 2.1.1 Overview of Computer System a) Describe the operations involved in information processing cycle At the end of this topic, students should be able to:
  • 2. 2 What is Computer System?  a complete, working computer includes operating system, software and hardware to make the computer function
  • 3. 3 Information processing cycle Process Storage outputinput  All computer systems go through the information processing cycle.
  • 4. 4  The series of input, process, output and storage activities.  A sequence of events in processing information which work together and repeat again and again in a cycle.  Computer process data (input) into information (output)  Computer holds data, information and instructions in storage for future use Information processing cycle Discovering Computers : Chapter 1• Pages 4
  • 5. 5 Input : data and instruction Input process : Process of entering data and instruction into a computer Input device : Computer component used for entering data and instruction into a computer Output : Information Output process : Process of conveying information to the user Output device : Computer components used for conveying information to the user Process : Process of transforming the data into information Storage : Computer components used to store data for future use Information processing cycle
  • 6. 6 Computer System Chapter Two 2.1.2 Data Representations a) Explain data representation in computer At the end of this topic, students should be able to: 6
  • 7. Data Representation How does a computer represent data?  By using two unique binary digits 1 and 0 to represent the two states on and off.  A computer circuit represents the 0 or the 1 electronically by the presence or absence of an electrical charge computer recognizes only two discrete electrical states (on and off) 7Discovering Computers : Chapter 4Page 221
  • 8. Data Representation Bit  Is the smallest unit of data the computer can process.  (Short for binary digit )  The number system has two unique digits, 1 (on) or 0 (Off)  Represents an electrical state (on or off) Byte  A group of 8 bits (ex:11110000)  Represents a single character such as a digit, a letter, a punctuation mark or any symbol in computer 8
  • 9. Data Representation • ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) is the most widely used coding scheme to represent data Discovering Computers : Chapter 4 9Page 221 Figure 4-14 9
  • 10. Discovering Computers : Chapter 4Page 222 Figure 4-15 10
  • 11. 11 Computer System Chapter Two 2.1.3 Storage Capacity a) differentiate various storage capacity. At the end of this topic, students should be able to:
  • 12. Storage Capacity • Capacity is the number of bytes a storage medium can hold 12Page 354 Figure 7-2 Equal to 1,024 bytes 1,024KB 1,024MB 1,024GB 1,024TB 1,024PB 1,024EB 1,024ZB
  • 13. 13 Capacity Storage Measured in • Kilobytes = 1,024 bytes, • Megabytes = 1,024 Kilobytes • Gigabytes = 1,024 Megabytes • Terabytes = 1,024 Gigabytes
  • 14. 14 Convertion unit of Capacity Storage 1200 MB = 1200 / 1024 = 1.17 GB 1200 MB = 1200 / 210 = 1.17 GB 1 GB = 1 x 1024 x 1024 = 1 048 576 KB 1 GB = 1 x 210 x 210 = 1 048 576 KBOR OR Bit (b) PB EB ZB YBTBGBMBKBByte (B) ÷ 8 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 ÷ 210 x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210 x 210x 8