Lecture notes for medical students

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2. Maxilofacial Injuries

3. Maxilofacial Injuries

4. Introduction

5. Introduction
Face is prominent and exposed part of
body hence injuries are very
common.
Most Injuries are trivial
Life threatening due respiratory
obstruction.

6. Introduction
Face consists of -
• Soft Tissue
– Skin
– Muscles
– mucosa
• Bones
• Teeth

7. Presentation

8. Presentation
• Facio maxillary injuries are fairly obvious.
• H/O –
– RTA
– Civilian violence
– Sports.

9. Resuscitation

10. Resuscitation
ABCD of Resuscitation
A-Airway
B-Breathing
C-Circulation
D-Deformities

11. Diagnosis

12. Diagnosis
• Examination-
– Inspection
– Palpation
– Eyes and vision
– Nose
– Oral cavity
– Cranial Nerves

13. Investigations

14. Investigations
• X-Ray PNS and OPG (Orthopantomogram)
• CT Scanning

15. Fractures

16. Fractures
• Upper Third
• Middle Third
• Lower Third

17. Middle Third Fractures

18. Middle Third Fractures
Le Forte Classification
• Le Forte I
• Le Forte II
• Le Forte III -cranio-facial dissociation
Fracture of nasal bone.

19. Treatment

20. Treatment
• Soft Tissue
• Skin Loss
• Fixing of fractures
• Facial nerve
• Parotid duct
• Nasal Bone
• Lacrimal apparatus

21. Prevention

22. Prevention
• Seat Belt
• Helmet
• Air bags
• Drinking and driving

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