Challenges in healthcare and infection control

CHALLENGES IN HEALTHCARE AND INFECTION CONTROL DR LEE OI WAH PEG PERUBATAN UD 54

Challenges ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Greatest challenge in infection control is ……….. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],MRSA E.coli VRE

Our usual response has been……. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

New Challenges (continue) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CDC UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS (1987) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

BASIC ELEMENTS OF STANDARD PRECAUTION ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CDC Standard Precautions & Additional precautions (1996) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RESPIRATORY HYGIENE EDUCATION PAMPHLET

RESPIRATORY HYGIENE Cover your mouth and nose with tissue when you cough or sneeze Throw your used tissue into the plastic bag Throw the plastic bag into the clinical waste bin

Hand hygiene with soap and water or alcohol hand rubs Wear the surgical mask to protect other

New category in Expanded Precautions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],NEW

Routes of disease transmission ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

TRANSMISSION BASED PRECAUTIONS Hayati S, ID HSB 2010

Definition of Healthcare Associated Infection Outbreak (Either One ) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Why Infection Control? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Predisposing factors for HAI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RISK FACTORS FOR HAI ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Common sites associated with etiological agents ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The Principles of Infection Control ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],IC

Infection control ,[object Object],[object Object]

Infection control ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The chain of infection. Source of infection Method of spreading Person at risk Point of entry Breaking this chain by removing any part of it will control or stop the spread of infection

Contaminated surfaces increase cross-transmission Hayati S, ID HSB 2010

Breaking the chain….. Hayati S, ID HSB 2010

Surveillance and Outbreak investigation ~ An important role of ICN ~ 30-60% of work time ~Purpose of surveillance : 1. To establish the endemic baseline rates of NI. 2. To identify impending outbreak. 3. Convince clinical personnel - For implementation of infection control policies and protocol. 4. For evaluation of infection control measures.

5. Supportive evidence of quality. 6. To defend malpractice. 7. Satisfy regulators (accrediting bodies) 8. Inter hospital comparison. Purpose of surveillance

Establish background rate Verify diagnosis Formulate a case definition Identify cases Outbreak control measures according to known mode of transmission and appropriate source control

Methods of surveillance ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Surveillance Studies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

CASE FINDING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Suspicion of an impending OB ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ROLE OF ICN IN OUTBREAK ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Collection of Data in Cross Infections ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ROLE OF ICN IN OUTBREAK ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ROLE OF ICN IN OUTBREAK ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

ROLE OF STAFFS IN INFECTION CONTROL ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Containment of Infection ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Efficacy of Infection control ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

EMPLOYEE HEALTH PROGRAM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

KEY ELEMENT FOR THE SUCCESS OF INFECTION CONTROL PROGRAM ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

“Above all, a hospital must do the patient no harm” (Florence Nightingale)

The End. Thank you!! ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Challenges in healthcare and infection control

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Challenges in healthcare and infection control