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TRAUMATISMO DE VESICULA
  BILIAR Y VÍAS BILIARES
  DANIEL ACEVEDO GUZMÁN R2CG
Epidemiología
 Lesiones del árbol biliar
      Yatrogénicas                                       95%
      Trauma                                             5%


 Trauma abdominal
      Vesícula biliar                                    3% a 5%
      Vías biliares                                      0.5%




Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma:
A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
 Trauma penetrante                 (89%)
  Arma de fuego                  88%
  Arma balnca                    12%


 Trauma cerrado (11%)




             Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the
             Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
Anatomía
Lesión de Vesícula y Vías
Biliares
 Lesiones asociadas


 Estado de shock


 12% de las lesiones de la vía biliar pueden pasar
 desapercibidas en la primera cirugía

 Maniobra de Catell
Diagnóstico
 El diagnóstico es transoperatorio


 Se encuentra en conjunto con lesiónes
 asociadas:
   Hepáticas            (83-91%)
   Vascular (67%)
   Duodenal              (54%)
   Esplenicas            (54%)




                 Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the
                 Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
 La fuga biliar puede ocasionar sintomatología
     Bilioperitoneo
     Dolor abdominal
     Aumento de volumen abdominal




 Puede pasar hasta semanas para su diagnóstico




Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma:
A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
Lavado peritoneal diagnóstico
• Características biliares (no específico)

       Lesión hepática


       Lesión de intestino delgado




Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma:
A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
Tomografía
 Datos sugestivos:
   Dilatación ductal
   Colecciones periportales


 No muestran el sitio de lesión




        Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma:
        A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma:
A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
Ultrasonido
 No muy útil en diagnóstico


 No distingue colecciones




              Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the
              Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
CPRE
         Método de diagnóstico del conducto biliar


         Sitio de lesión


         Laceraciones
              Fuga




Nikhil P. Jaik,1 Brian A. Hoey Evolving Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Management of Extrahepatic
Hepatic Ductal Injuries due to Blunt Trauma: Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms, HPB Surgery, 2008
Nikhil P. Jaik,1 Brian A. Hoey Evolving Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Management of Extrahepatic
Hepatic Ductal Injuries due to Blunt Trauma: Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms, HPB Surgery, 2008
Vesícula biliar
 Lesiones de vesícula

   Contusión: Hematoma intramural
   Perforación: Ruptura de vesícula biliar
   Avulsión :
     Parcial: parcialmente separada del lecho
     Completa: totalmente separade del lecho
     Total: vesicula biliar libre en abdomen




            Pavlidis et al, Isolated complete avulsion of the gallbladder (near traumatic cholecystectomy):
            a case report and review of the literature Journal of Medical Case Reports 2011, 5:392
Clasificación por Losanoff and
Kjossev




         Pavlidis et al, Isolated complete avulsion of the gallbladder (near traumatic cholecystectomy):
         a case report and review of the literature Journal of Medical Case Reports 2011, 5:392
Pavlidis et al, Isolated complete avulsion of the gallbladder (near traumatic cholecystectomy):
a case report and review of the literature Journal of Medical Case Reports 2011, 5:392
 Colecistectomía abierta
   Lesión de conducto cístico
   Lesión de arteria hepática derecha
 Colecistectomía laparoscópoica en trauma
 penetrante

 Colecistorrafia




               Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the
               Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
Conducto biliar
 Fisiopatología de la lesión:

   Compresión del sistema biliar con columna
   vertebral

   Compresión externa de vesícula
     Aumento de presión intraductal




        Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma:
        A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
Conducto Biliar
 Se han descrito 4 categorías en la lesión de
 conducto biliar:
   Avulsión del conducto cístico o pequeña laceración.
   Sección sin perdida de tejido
   Defecto extenso en la pared
   Perdida de segmento ductal




        Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma:
        A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
Lesión de Conducto biliar
 En el paciente estable la reparación definitiva es
 preferida.

 La lesión del conducto biliar debe ser manejada
 posterior a control de hemorragia




         Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal traum
         A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
 No estables:
   Empaquetamiento
   Drenaje (jackson Pratt)


 Mas estables:
   sonda en T




        Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma:
        A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
 Pequeñas laceraciones
   Cierre primario
   Sonda en T


 Estenosis:
   Conducto cístico
   Pared de la vesicular




                 Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the
                 Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
 Sección de conducto biliar sin pérdida
 significativa de tejido:

   Anastomosis termino-terminal
     55% estenosis




               Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the
               Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
 Los defectos extensos de pared y perdida de
           segmentos del ducto:

             Astomosis bilioentéricas.
               Hepatoyeyunostomía en Y de Roux con colecistectomía +
                colocaicón de tubo en T


             Técnicas con parches




Nikhil P. Jaik,1 Brian A. Hoey Evolving Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Management of Extrahepatic
Hepatic Ductal Injuries due to Blunt Trauma: Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms, HPB Surgery, 2008
 Colecistoyeyunostomía + ligadura distal del
 conducto

 Lesión de algún conducto hepático
   La ligadura produce involución del lóbulo




                Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the
                Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
 Lesión del conducto biliar ampular o
 intrapancreático

   Pancreatoduodenectomía




               Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the
               Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
Nikhil P. Jaik,1 Brian A. Hoey Evolving Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Management of Extrahepatic
Hepatic Ductal Injuries due to Blunt Trauma: Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms, HPB Surgery, 2008
Br J Surg. 1989 Mar;76(3):256-8.
Surgical options in traumatic injury to the extrahepatic biliary tract.
Bade PG, Thomson SR, Hirshberg A, Robbs JV.
Source
Department of Surgery, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Am J Surg. 1985 Dec;150(6):705-9.
Management of traumatic injuries to the extrahepatic biliary ducts.
Feliciano DV, Bitondo CG, Burch JM, Mattox KL, Beall AC Jr, Jordan GL Jr.
J Trauma. 1985 Sep;25(9):833-7.
Extrahepatic biliary tract injury: operative management plan.
Posner MC, Moore EE.
World J Surg. 2001 Oct;25(10):1313-6.
Complications following repair of extrahepatic bile duct injuries after
blunt abdominal trauma.
Rodriguez-Montes JA, Rojo E, Martín LG.
 Xu J, Geng ZM, Ma QY. Microstructural and
 ultrastructural changes in the healing process
 of bile duct trauma. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis
 Int. 2003 May;2(2):295-9.

 Thomson SR, Bade PG. Penetrating bile duct
 trauma. Injury. 1989 Jul;20(4):215-6.

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Traumatismo de vesicula biliar y vias biliares

  • 1. TRAUMATISMO DE VESICULA BILIAR Y VÍAS BILIARES DANIEL ACEVEDO GUZMÁN R2CG
  • 2. Epidemiología  Lesiones del árbol biliar  Yatrogénicas 95%  Trauma 5%  Trauma abdominal  Vesícula biliar 3% a 5%  Vías biliares 0.5% Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma: A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
  • 3.  Trauma penetrante (89%)  Arma de fuego 88%  Arma balnca 12%  Trauma cerrado (11%) Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. Lesión de Vesícula y Vías Biliares  Lesiones asociadas  Estado de shock  12% de las lesiones de la vía biliar pueden pasar desapercibidas en la primera cirugía  Maniobra de Catell
  • 10. Diagnóstico  El diagnóstico es transoperatorio  Se encuentra en conjunto con lesiónes asociadas:  Hepáticas (83-91%)  Vascular (67%)  Duodenal (54%)  Esplenicas (54%) Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
  • 11.  La fuga biliar puede ocasionar sintomatología  Bilioperitoneo  Dolor abdominal  Aumento de volumen abdominal  Puede pasar hasta semanas para su diagnóstico Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma: A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
  • 12. Lavado peritoneal diagnóstico • Características biliares (no específico)  Lesión hepática  Lesión de intestino delgado Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma: A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
  • 13. Tomografía  Datos sugestivos:  Dilatación ductal  Colecciones periportales  No muestran el sitio de lesión Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma: A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
  • 14. Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma: A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
  • 15.
  • 16. Ultrasonido  No muy útil en diagnóstico  No distingue colecciones Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
  • 17. CPRE  Método de diagnóstico del conducto biliar  Sitio de lesión  Laceraciones  Fuga Nikhil P. Jaik,1 Brian A. Hoey Evolving Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Management of Extrahepatic Hepatic Ductal Injuries due to Blunt Trauma: Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms, HPB Surgery, 2008
  • 18. Nikhil P. Jaik,1 Brian A. Hoey Evolving Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Management of Extrahepatic Hepatic Ductal Injuries due to Blunt Trauma: Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms, HPB Surgery, 2008
  • 19. Vesícula biliar  Lesiones de vesícula  Contusión: Hematoma intramural  Perforación: Ruptura de vesícula biliar  Avulsión :  Parcial: parcialmente separada del lecho  Completa: totalmente separade del lecho  Total: vesicula biliar libre en abdomen Pavlidis et al, Isolated complete avulsion of the gallbladder (near traumatic cholecystectomy): a case report and review of the literature Journal of Medical Case Reports 2011, 5:392
  • 20. Clasificación por Losanoff and Kjossev Pavlidis et al, Isolated complete avulsion of the gallbladder (near traumatic cholecystectomy): a case report and review of the literature Journal of Medical Case Reports 2011, 5:392
  • 21. Pavlidis et al, Isolated complete avulsion of the gallbladder (near traumatic cholecystectomy): a case report and review of the literature Journal of Medical Case Reports 2011, 5:392
  • 22.  Colecistectomía abierta  Lesión de conducto cístico  Lesión de arteria hepática derecha  Colecistectomía laparoscópoica en trauma penetrante  Colecistorrafia Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
  • 23. Conducto biliar  Fisiopatología de la lesión:  Compresión del sistema biliar con columna vertebral  Compresión externa de vesícula  Aumento de presión intraductal Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma: A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
  • 24. Conducto Biliar  Se han descrito 4 categorías en la lesión de conducto biliar:  Avulsión del conducto cístico o pequeña laceración.  Sección sin perdida de tejido  Defecto extenso en la pared  Perdida de segmento ductal Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma: A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
  • 25.
  • 26. Lesión de Conducto biliar  En el paciente estable la reparación definitiva es preferida.  La lesión del conducto biliar debe ser manejada posterior a control de hemorragia Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal traum A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
  • 27.  No estables:  Empaquetamiento  Drenaje (jackson Pratt)  Mas estables:  sonda en T Teck Wei Tan *, Li Tserng Teo, Ming Terk Chiu, Extra-hepatic biliary injury secondary to blunt abdominal trauma: A successful management strategy, Injury Extra 42 (2011) 4–7
  • 28.  Pequeñas laceraciones  Cierre primario  Sonda en T  Estenosis:  Conducto cístico  Pared de la vesicular Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
  • 29.  Sección de conducto biliar sin pérdida significativa de tejido:  Anastomosis termino-terminal  55% estenosis Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
  • 30.  Los defectos extensos de pared y perdida de segmentos del ducto:  Astomosis bilioentéricas.  Hepatoyeyunostomía en Y de Roux con colecistectomía + colocaicón de tubo en T  Técnicas con parches Nikhil P. Jaik,1 Brian A. Hoey Evolving Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Management of Extrahepatic Hepatic Ductal Injuries due to Blunt Trauma: Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms, HPB Surgery, 2008
  • 31.  Colecistoyeyunostomía + ligadura distal del conducto  Lesión de algún conducto hepático  La ligadura produce involución del lóbulo Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
  • 32.  Lesión del conducto biliar ampular o intrapancreático  Pancreatoduodenectomía Chad G Ball*1, Elijah Dixon1, A decade of experience with injuries to the Gallbladder, Journal of Trauma Management & Outcomes 2010
  • 33. Nikhil P. Jaik,1 Brian A. Hoey Evolving Role of Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography in Management of Extrahepatic Hepatic Ductal Injuries due to Blunt Trauma: Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms, HPB Surgery, 2008
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